聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的制备及形态分布研究
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摘要
论文采用一种新方法——离子交换法制备聚合硅酸,并以此为原料制备了聚铁硅、聚铝硅絮凝剂;通过对造纸废水的絮凝处理,探讨了絮凝剂Si/Fe摩尔比(Si/Al摩尔比)、pH值及加药量对絮凝效果的影响,进而得到了聚铁硅和聚铝硅絮凝剂的最佳制备条件以及废水的最佳处理条件;以此为基础,通过改变Fe/Al摩尔比又制备了一系列聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂,探讨了Fe/Al摩尔比、pH值及加药量对絮凝效果的影响,进而得到了聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的最佳制备条件和废水的最佳处理条件,同时对系列絮凝剂的形态分布和Zeta电位电性特征进行测定,探讨了絮凝剂的絮凝机理。通过电镜扫描,观察了絮凝剂的形貌特征,分析了铁、铝加入对絮凝剂形貌结构的影响,进一步对絮凝机理进行研究。
实验结果表明:与传统制备方法相比,该方法所制得的聚铁硅、聚铝硅以及聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的稳定性大大提高;Si/Fe摩尔比(Si/Al摩尔比、Fe/Al摩尔比)是影响絮凝剂性能的主要因素,实验得到聚铁硅和聚铝硅的最佳制备条件为Si/Fe=1:30和Si/Al=1:30;聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的最佳制备条件为Si/(Fe+Al)= 1:30,Fe/Al=1:1,形态分布测定得出该絮凝剂高效絮凝的机理为絮凝剂中存在大量高聚合态物质Fe_b(Al_b),Fe_b(Al_b)含量越高,絮凝效果越好,从而从理论上对废水处理实验结果进行了阐释,Zeta电位的测定结果证实了这一机理。
A new method– ion exchange technique is used to produce polysilicic acid, which is then used as raw material to make polyaluminum silicate flocculants. Through processing papermaking wastewater, influences of Si/Fe molar ratio (Si/Al molar ratio), the pH and the dose on the flocculating effect are discussed, and the best preparing condition of the flocculant and the best conditions for wastewater treatment are obtained. On this basis, a series of polysilicate aluminum ferric has been prepared by changing the Fe/Al molar ratio, and influences of Fe/Al molar ratio, the pH and the dose on the flocculating effect are discussed, then the best preparing condition of the flocculant and the best conditions for wastewater treatment are obtained. The flocculating mechanism is discussed through measuring the species distributions and electrical characteristic of all series of Al flocculants. The morphological features of flocculant are observed by scanning electron microscope, and the influence of the flocculant morphology structure by adding to iron and aluminum is analysed. The flocculating mechanism is further discussed through it.
The experimental results show that,compared with the traditional method, polyferric silicate(PFSC), polyaluminum silicate(PASS) and polysilicate aluminum ferric(PSAF)’s stability is enhanced by a new method.The primary factor which affects the flocculant performance is Si/Fe molar ratio (Si/Al molar ratio and Fe/Al molar ratio), and the best prepared condition of PFSC and PASS is determined that Si/Fe=1:30 and Si/Al=1:30; the best prepared condition of PSAF is determined that Si/(Fe+Al)=1:30, Fe/Al=1:1, and the species distributions show that, highly effective flocculant mechanism is that flocculant has the massive high polymerization material Fe_b(Al_b). The higher the Fe_b(Al_b) content, the better the flocculant effect, thus the wastewater disposal experimental result is explained theoretically, and the determination result of Zeta electric potential confirms this mechanism.
实验结果表明:与传统制备方法相比,该方法所制得的聚铁硅、聚铝硅以及聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的稳定性大大提高;Si/Fe摩尔比(Si/Al摩尔比、Fe/Al摩尔比)是影响絮凝剂性能的主要因素,实验得到聚铁硅和聚铝硅的最佳制备条件为Si/Fe=1:30和Si/Al=1:30;聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的最佳制备条件为Si/(Fe+Al)= 1:30,Fe/Al=1:1,形态分布测定得出该絮凝剂高效絮凝的机理为絮凝剂中存在大量高聚合态物质Fe_b(Al_b),Fe_b(Al_b)含量越高,絮凝效果越好,从而从理论上对废水处理实验结果进行了阐释,Zeta电位的测定结果证实了这一机理。
A new method– ion exchange technique is used to produce polysilicic acid, which is then used as raw material to make polyaluminum silicate flocculants. Through processing papermaking wastewater, influences of Si/Fe molar ratio (Si/Al molar ratio), the pH and the dose on the flocculating effect are discussed, and the best preparing condition of the flocculant and the best conditions for wastewater treatment are obtained. On this basis, a series of polysilicate aluminum ferric has been prepared by changing the Fe/Al molar ratio, and influences of Fe/Al molar ratio, the pH and the dose on the flocculating effect are discussed, then the best preparing condition of the flocculant and the best conditions for wastewater treatment are obtained. The flocculating mechanism is discussed through measuring the species distributions and electrical characteristic of all series of Al flocculants. The morphological features of flocculant are observed by scanning electron microscope, and the influence of the flocculant morphology structure by adding to iron and aluminum is analysed. The flocculating mechanism is further discussed through it.
The experimental results show that,compared with the traditional method, polyferric silicate(PFSC), polyaluminum silicate(PASS) and polysilicate aluminum ferric(PSAF)’s stability is enhanced by a new method.The primary factor which affects the flocculant performance is Si/Fe molar ratio (Si/Al molar ratio and Fe/Al molar ratio), and the best prepared condition of PFSC and PASS is determined that Si/Fe=1:30 and Si/Al=1:30; the best prepared condition of PSAF is determined that Si/(Fe+Al)=1:30, Fe/Al=1:1, and the species distributions show that, highly effective flocculant mechanism is that flocculant has the massive high polymerization material Fe_b(Al_b). The higher the Fe_b(Al_b) content, the better the flocculant effect, thus the wastewater disposal experimental result is explained theoretically, and the determination result of Zeta electric potential confirms this mechanism.
引文
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[2]2003年中国环境公报(淡水环境)[DB/OL].新华网, 2004-06-15.
[3]B Y Gao, Y Wang, Q Y Yue. The Chemical Species Distribution of aluminum in composite Flocculants Prepared form Poly aluminum Chloride (PAC) and (PDMDAAC)[J].Actahydrochim. Hydrobiol, 2005,33(4):365-371
[4]Moussas P A, Zouboulis A I. A study on the properties and coagulation behaviour of modified inorganic polymeric coagulant-Polyferric silicate sulphate(PFSiS)[J].Separation and Purification Technology, 2008,63(2):475-483
[5]Zhang P, Hahn H H, Hofmann E. Influence of some additives to aluminium species distribution in aluminium coagulants[J]. Chemosphere, 2004,57(10):1489-1494
[6]Zeng Y, Park J. Characterization and coagulation performance of anovel inorganic polymer coagulant-Poly-zinc-silicate-sulfate[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicoche-mical and Engineering Aspects, 2009,334(1-3):147-154
[7]Fan M, Brown R C, Van Leeuwen J. The kinetics of producing sulfate-based complex coagulant from fly ash[J].Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2003,42(12):1019-1025
[8]谢娟.复合絮凝剂聚硅酸铝铁的制备及应用[J].工业安全与环保, 2006,32(9):l8-19
[9]张育新,康勇.絮凝剂的研究现状及发展趋势[J].化工进展, 2002,21(11):799-804
[10]王春梅,胡啸林,章忠秀.有机高分子絮凝剂的合成及其应用[J].工业用水与废水, 2002,33(1):33-35
[11]熊楚才,毛德寿编著.环境污染与防治[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社, 1988
[12]汤鸿霄.无机高分子复合絮凝剂的研制趋向[J].中国给水排水, 1999,15(2):l-4
[13]高宝玉,汤鸿霄.聚硅酸铝盐混凝剂的研究进展[J].环境科学进展, 1998,6(2):45-49
[14]常青,栾兆坤.聚合硅酸硫酸铝的制备、结构及性能研究[J].环境化学, 1999,18(2):168-172
[15]宋永会.新型高效聚合氯化铝硅絮凝剂的制备及其性能研究[D].中国科学院生态环境研究中心博士学位论文, 1999
[16]高宝玉,岳钦艳.含铝离子的聚硅酸絮凝剂研究[J].环境科学, 1990,11(5):37-41
[17]唐永星,杨琨.聚硅离子与聚铝离子在稳定胶体中的相互作用[J].环境化学, 1997,16(1):60-63
[18]李新荣,孟开红,梁文寿.无机絮凝剂的研究进展[J].甘肃农业,2005,10(213):198
[19]秦丽娟,陈夫山.有机高分子絮凝剂的研究进展及发展趋势[J].上海造纸, 2004, 25(1):41-43,46
[20]韩迪,王九思,刘剑,孔爱平.聚硅酸盐类絮凝剂的制备及研究进展[J].广州化工, 2009,37(5).23-25
[21]徐晓军等.化学絮凝剂作用原理[M].北京:科学出版社, 2005.
[22]时文中,李灵芝,余果忠.聚合硅酸铝铁的制备与絮凝性能研究[J].重庆环境科学, 2003,25(4):29-32.
[23]胡翔,周定.高效无机混凝剂聚硅酸铁铝的研究[J].中国环境科学, 1999,19(3):266-269.
[24]裘兆蓉,裴峻峰,郑晓林,等.聚硅酸铝铁Q6a及有机絮凝剂F2处理印染废水[J].江苏石油化工学院学报, 2001,12(4):14-16.
[25]胡翔,周定.新型混凝剂PSFA的性能与应用研究[J].城市环境与城市生态, 1999,II(supp1):30-32.
[26]贾丽娟.聚铁硅、聚铝硅絮凝剂的制备及形态分布研究[D].华北电力大学(保定)硕士论文, 2008
[27]多价金属的分析.腐殖酸, 1995:44-49
[28]邱祖民,谢凤霞,徐升.聚硅硫酸铁铝的制备及其脱色性能研究[J].南昌大学学报(工科版), 2003,25(1):18-21
[29]徐淮红,毛善成,庞古清,唐定良.聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的制备和性能研究[J].淮阴工学院学报, 2000,9(4):12-14
[30]马同森,樊忠昌.纳米聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的制备和性能[J].化学研究, 2007,18(2):24-27
[31]丁斌,关昶,蔡晓锐.聚硅硫酸铁铝的制备及絮凝法处理酒精废液[J].化工进展, 2006,25(9):1078-1081
[32]李丽薇.聚硅硫酸铝铁的制备及其絮凝性能研究[J].精细石油化工进展, 2009,5:32-34
[33]郡维仁,朱传俊.聚合硫酸铁产品的质量检验[J].工业水处理, 1994,14(1):30-32
[34]田宝珍,汤鸿霄. Ferron逐时络合比色法测定Fe(Ⅲ)溶液聚合物的形态[J].环境化学, 1989,8(4):27-34
[35]许佩瑶,宋佳.聚铁硅絮凝剂的制备及其对造纸废水的处理[J].中国造纸学报, 2010,25(2):50-53
[36]国家环保总局等编.水与废水监测分析方法(第三版),中国环境科学出版社, 1989
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