基于能耗约束的虚拟机调度策略研究
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摘要
云计算是近年来计算机领域比较热点的一个研究方向,它将计算任务分布在大量计算机构成的资源池上,使各种应用系统能够根据需要获取计算力、存储空间和各种软件服务。随着云计算的发展和用户需求的不断增加,云基础服务设施也在不断的增加。如何对如此庞大的资源池进行管理与调度一直以来都是云计算研究过程中的关键问题,云计算的发展也是其资源管理与调度方法方面的发展更新。
如此庞大的云基础服务设施也必定消耗了大量的能源,在倡导节能减排的今天,利用云资源进行计算的同时,也应该考虑计算时使用的能耗,如何降低计算时的能耗,提高效率,让云计算更加环保节能。本文分析了现有环境下进行云计算节能处理的可行性。对现有云计算中资源管理与调度构架进行分析,发现现有云计算利用虚拟化技术对资源进行调度时,需要重复对虚拟机进行启动与销毁,在此过程中有很多能量损耗,而在庞大的“云”资源中,这样的能量损耗又有很多。从而指出了在现有云计算调度技术的基础上,加入一个节能调度环节,在用户请求资源的时候,先进行节能预测,从而达到节能减排的目的。
通过使用开源仿真平台CloudSim对该调度算法进行仿真,证明了算法的可行性和有效性,能够有效的降低云计算平台的能耗。
Recently,Cloud Computing is a hotspot research area in the domain of computer. It will distribute computing tasks in a computer which the basins, all kinds of resources,enable application system to obtain calculation, storage space and software services. infrastructural services of cloud computing are the increase along with development and user demands. It is a key problem that how to manage and control such a large pool of resources. The development of Cloud Computing is its own resources management and the method of development.
This article analyzes the current situation in the energy to the feasibility of the cloud computing, and analysis the existing computing resources management framework in the management the existing calculation of virtualization technology resources management, to be repeated for a virtual machine to start with destruction, in this process has a lot of energy consuming, but in large "clouds" resources, such losses and have a lot of energy, as pointed out in the existing calculation on the basis of the technology to join an energy efficient management, the user requests for resources, to save energy, energy conservation to achieve purpose of emissions reduction.
By using open platform to the simulate cloudsim the algorithm for emulation is in order to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm.It will effectively reduce calculation of the platform eventually.
如此庞大的云基础服务设施也必定消耗了大量的能源,在倡导节能减排的今天,利用云资源进行计算的同时,也应该考虑计算时使用的能耗,如何降低计算时的能耗,提高效率,让云计算更加环保节能。本文分析了现有环境下进行云计算节能处理的可行性。对现有云计算中资源管理与调度构架进行分析,发现现有云计算利用虚拟化技术对资源进行调度时,需要重复对虚拟机进行启动与销毁,在此过程中有很多能量损耗,而在庞大的“云”资源中,这样的能量损耗又有很多。从而指出了在现有云计算调度技术的基础上,加入一个节能调度环节,在用户请求资源的时候,先进行节能预测,从而达到节能减排的目的。
通过使用开源仿真平台CloudSim对该调度算法进行仿真,证明了算法的可行性和有效性,能够有效的降低云计算平台的能耗。
Recently,Cloud Computing is a hotspot research area in the domain of computer. It will distribute computing tasks in a computer which the basins, all kinds of resources,enable application system to obtain calculation, storage space and software services. infrastructural services of cloud computing are the increase along with development and user demands. It is a key problem that how to manage and control such a large pool of resources. The development of Cloud Computing is its own resources management and the method of development.
This article analyzes the current situation in the energy to the feasibility of the cloud computing, and analysis the existing computing resources management framework in the management the existing calculation of virtualization technology resources management, to be repeated for a virtual machine to start with destruction, in this process has a lot of energy consuming, but in large "clouds" resources, such losses and have a lot of energy, as pointed out in the existing calculation on the basis of the technology to join an energy efficient management, the user requests for resources, to save energy, energy conservation to achieve purpose of emissions reduction.
By using open platform to the simulate cloudsim the algorithm for emulation is in order to prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm.It will effectively reduce calculation of the platform eventually.
引文
[1]刘鹏.云计算.电子工业出版社[Z].2010年3月第一版
[2]赵春燕.云环境下作业调度算法研究与实现[D].硕士学位论文.北京交通大学.2009.06
[3]肖斐.虚拟化云计算中资源管理的研究与实现[D].硕士学位论文.西安电子科技大学
[4]王鹏.走近云计算[Z].北京：人民邮电出版社.2009,6：18.30.
[5]Anton Beloglazov and Rajkumar Buyya. Energy Efficient Resource Management in Virtualized Cloud Data Centers [J]. In 201010th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing.
[6]Anton Beloglazov and Rajkumar Buyya. Energy Efficient Allocation of Virtual Machines in Cloud Data Centers[J]. In 201010th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing.
[7]Carlos Oliveira, Vinicius Petrucci, Orlando Loques. Impact of server dynamic allocation on the response time for energy-efficient virtualized web clusters[J]. Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
[8]中国云计算网.云计算的定义和特点[EB/OL]. http: //www. chinacloud. cn/show. aspx?id=741&cid=17.2009-02-15.
[9]KrauterK, Buyya R, Maheswaran M.A Taxonomy and Survey of Grid Resource Management Systems[J]. Software Practice and Experience,2002,32(2):135-164.
[10]Maheswaran M, Krauter K. A Parameter-based Approach to Resource Discovery in Grid Computing Systems[J]. In:1th IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Grid Computing (GRID 2000), DEC.2000.
[11]KrauterK, Maheswaran M.Towards a High Performance Extensible Grid Architecture [J]. http://citeseer. nj. nee. com/410299, html.
[12]KonF, Campbell R, MickunasM, Nahrstedt K.2K:A Distributed Operating System for Dynamic Heterogeneous Environments[J]. In:9 th IEEE Intl, Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing (HPDC9) August 2000.
[13]李婷,李晓龙.云计算的资源管理方法研究[J].河南财政税务高等专科学校,河南省会计学校.
[14]韩金华.云计算综述[J].南京信息学院.企业技术开发.2010年8月.第29卷第15卷.
[15]Anne-Cecile Orgerie, Marcos Dias de Assuncao, and Laurent Lefevre. Energy Aware Clouds[J].
[16]Mark Stillwell, David Schanzenbach, Frederic Vivien, Henri Casanova. Resource Allocation Algorithms for Virtualized Service Hosting Platforms[J]. University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA.INRIA, University de Lyon, LIP. Department of Information and Computer Sciences.
[17]Rodrigo N. Calheiros, Rajiv Ranjan, Anton Beloglazov, Cesar A. F. De Rose3, and Rajkumar Buyya. CloudSim:A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Cloud Computing Environments and Evaluation of Resource Provisioning Algorithms[J]. The University of Melbourne. The University of New South Wales. Porto Alegre.
[18]薛海峰,卿斯汉,张焕国.XEN虚拟机分析[J].武汉大学计算机学院2004级博,中国科学院软件研究所.系统仿真学报.第19卷第23期.2007年12月.
[19]Gaurav Dhiman, Giacomo Marchetti, Tajana Rosing. vGreen:A System for Energy Efficient Computing in Virtualized Environments [J]. CA 92093-0404.
[20]陆晓雯.虚拟机资源监测调整机制研究[D].硕士学位论文.华中科技大学
[21]H.Seawright, L. and R. A.Mackinmon, VM/370:A Study of Multiplicity and Usefulness[J]. IBM Systems Journal 18(1),1979:p.4-17.
[22]The VMWare software package[EB/OL].2006; http://www.vmware.com.
[23]Microsoft.Corporation. Microsoft Virtual Server[EB/OL]. www.microsoft.com/windowserversystem.virtualserver.
[24]刘爱军and耿国华,基于x86的虚拟机技术现状、应用及展望[J].计算机技术与发展,2007：p.250-253.
[25]Chase, J. and R. Doyle. Energy management for server clusters[C]. in Hot Topics in Operating Systems,2001.2001.
[26]支点网.Gartner:虚拟化将是影响力最大的IT趋势[EB/OL].2008；http://news.e-works.net.cn/category6/news27241.htm.
[27]Bellino, J. and H. Cl, Virtual machine or virtual operating system?, in Proceedings of the workshop on virtual computer systems.1973, ACM:Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
[28]Goldberg, R.P., Architecture of virtual machines, in Proceedings of the workshop on virtual computer systems.1973, ACM:Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
[29]Bobroff, N., A. Kochut, and K. Beaty. Dynamic Placement of Virtual Machines for Managing SLA Violations[C]. in proceedings of 10th IFIP/IEEE Integrated Network Management,.2007.
[30]Paul, B., et al. Xen and the art of virtualization[C]. in proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles.2003.
[31]Daniel, A.M., R. Honglei, and G. Hassan, A framework for QoS-aware software components, in Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Software and performance.2004, ACM:Redwood Shores, California.
[32]Dongyan, X., et al., QoS and Contention-Aware Multi-Resource Reservation, in Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing.2000, IEEE Computer Society.
[33]Asaduzzaman, S. and M. Maheswaran. Heuristics for Scheduling Virtual Machines for Improving QoS in Public Computing Utilities[C]. in proceedings of Intl. Conf. on Computer and Information Technology(ICCIT).2006.
[2]赵春燕.云环境下作业调度算法研究与实现[D].硕士学位论文.北京交通大学.2009.06
[3]肖斐.虚拟化云计算中资源管理的研究与实现[D].硕士学位论文.西安电子科技大学
[4]王鹏.走近云计算[Z].北京：人民邮电出版社.2009,6：18.30.
[5]Anton Beloglazov and Rajkumar Buyya. Energy Efficient Resource Management in Virtualized Cloud Data Centers [J]. In 201010th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing.
[6]Anton Beloglazov and Rajkumar Buyya. Energy Efficient Allocation of Virtual Machines in Cloud Data Centers[J]. In 201010th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing.
[7]Carlos Oliveira, Vinicius Petrucci, Orlando Loques. Impact of server dynamic allocation on the response time for energy-efficient virtualized web clusters[J]. Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
[8]中国云计算网.云计算的定义和特点[EB/OL]. http: //www. chinacloud. cn/show. aspx?id=741&cid=17.2009-02-15.
[9]KrauterK, Buyya R, Maheswaran M.A Taxonomy and Survey of Grid Resource Management Systems[J]. Software Practice and Experience,2002,32(2):135-164.
[10]Maheswaran M, Krauter K. A Parameter-based Approach to Resource Discovery in Grid Computing Systems[J]. In:1th IEEE/ACM International Workshop on Grid Computing (GRID 2000), DEC.2000.
[11]KrauterK, Maheswaran M.Towards a High Performance Extensible Grid Architecture [J]. http://citeseer. nj. nee. com/410299, html.
[12]KonF, Campbell R, MickunasM, Nahrstedt K.2K:A Distributed Operating System for Dynamic Heterogeneous Environments[J]. In:9 th IEEE Intl, Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing (HPDC9) August 2000.
[13]李婷,李晓龙.云计算的资源管理方法研究[J].河南财政税务高等专科学校,河南省会计学校.
[14]韩金华.云计算综述[J].南京信息学院.企业技术开发.2010年8月.第29卷第15卷.
[15]Anne-Cecile Orgerie, Marcos Dias de Assuncao, and Laurent Lefevre. Energy Aware Clouds[J].
[16]Mark Stillwell, David Schanzenbach, Frederic Vivien, Henri Casanova. Resource Allocation Algorithms for Virtualized Service Hosting Platforms[J]. University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA.INRIA, University de Lyon, LIP. Department of Information and Computer Sciences.
[17]Rodrigo N. Calheiros, Rajiv Ranjan, Anton Beloglazov, Cesar A. F. De Rose3, and Rajkumar Buyya. CloudSim:A Toolkit for Modeling and Simulation of Cloud Computing Environments and Evaluation of Resource Provisioning Algorithms[J]. The University of Melbourne. The University of New South Wales. Porto Alegre.
[18]薛海峰,卿斯汉,张焕国.XEN虚拟机分析[J].武汉大学计算机学院2004级博,中国科学院软件研究所.系统仿真学报.第19卷第23期.2007年12月.
[19]Gaurav Dhiman, Giacomo Marchetti, Tajana Rosing. vGreen:A System for Energy Efficient Computing in Virtualized Environments [J]. CA 92093-0404.
[20]陆晓雯.虚拟机资源监测调整机制研究[D].硕士学位论文.华中科技大学
[21]H.Seawright, L. and R. A.Mackinmon, VM/370:A Study of Multiplicity and Usefulness[J]. IBM Systems Journal 18(1),1979:p.4-17.
[22]The VMWare software package[EB/OL].2006; http://www.vmware.com.
[23]Microsoft.Corporation. Microsoft Virtual Server[EB/OL]. www.microsoft.com/windowserversystem.virtualserver.
[24]刘爱军and耿国华,基于x86的虚拟机技术现状、应用及展望[J].计算机技术与发展,2007：p.250-253.
[25]Chase, J. and R. Doyle. Energy management for server clusters[C]. in Hot Topics in Operating Systems,2001.2001.
[26]支点网.Gartner:虚拟化将是影响力最大的IT趋势[EB/OL].2008；http://news.e-works.net.cn/category6/news27241.htm.
[27]Bellino, J. and H. Cl, Virtual machine or virtual operating system?, in Proceedings of the workshop on virtual computer systems.1973, ACM:Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
[28]Goldberg, R.P., Architecture of virtual machines, in Proceedings of the workshop on virtual computer systems.1973, ACM:Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
[29]Bobroff, N., A. Kochut, and K. Beaty. Dynamic Placement of Virtual Machines for Managing SLA Violations[C]. in proceedings of 10th IFIP/IEEE Integrated Network Management,.2007.
[30]Paul, B., et al. Xen and the art of virtualization[C]. in proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles.2003.
[31]Daniel, A.M., R. Honglei, and G. Hassan, A framework for QoS-aware software components, in Proceedings of the 4th international workshop on Software and performance.2004, ACM:Redwood Shores, California.
[32]Dongyan, X., et al., QoS and Contention-Aware Multi-Resource Reservation, in Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Symposium on High Performance Distributed Computing.2000, IEEE Computer Society.
[33]Asaduzzaman, S. and M. Maheswaran. Heuristics for Scheduling Virtual Machines for Improving QoS in Public Computing Utilities[C]. in proceedings of Intl. Conf. on Computer and Information Technology(ICCIT).2006.