基于虚拟仪器技术的测速雷达研究
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摘要
随着社会的发展和科学技术的进步,计算机技术与测量仪器技术的结合,一种新的测量仪器——虚拟仪器也随之出现。虚拟仪器是一种功能意义上的仪器,由计算机、仪器硬件及应用软件组成。一般来说,它先通过仪器硬件采集信号,然后通过软件编程来实现数据的显示及测量等功能。虚拟仪器为代表的新型测量仪器改变了传统仪器的思想。虚拟仪器技术设计的测试系统具有结构简单、功能齐全、界面友好、开发周期短和维护调试方便等优点。因此,虚拟仪器在自动化测试和测量领域等得到了广泛的应用。
本文首先介绍了测速雷达国内外的发展概况,阐述了测速雷达的测速原理,并进行总体方案的设计。在硬件方面,特别讨论了雷达收发组件、前置电路、触发电路、预处理电路等四个功能模块的设计方案和硬件电路的实现方法,对数据采集卡PCI-9812的功能做了介绍。软件设计基于虚拟仪器技术,以LabVIEW作为系统的软件开发平台。我们探讨了驱动接口设计,采用调用动态链接库的方法实现与PCI数据采集卡的数据通信,完成了数据采集存储单元、数据回放单元、数据处理单元及结果显示单元的设计。最后对软硬件的各个部分作了调试验证。
With the development of society and the advance of science and technology, computer technical and measure instrument technology is close to combine, making a kind of new measure instruments—Virtual Instrument. Virtual Instrument is a kind of instruments of functional meaning, it is composed of computer, instrument hardware and application software. Generally speaking, it first implements the signal acquisition on special instruments, and then realizes the data display and measure function by virtue of software programming. As a new measure instrument of representative, virtual Instrument has changed the thought of traditional instrument. The test system designed by virtual instrument technology has many advantages such as simple structure, complete function, friendly interface, development cycle short and maintenance debug convenience. Therefore, Virtual Instrument has gotten extensive application in the fields such as automation test and measure.
In this paper, the paper first analyzes domestic and international development situation, describes measure principle, then designs the overall scheme. As the aspect of hardware, this article particularly discusses schemes and circuit realization of four function modules, which include radar transceiver, signal pre-amplification circuit, trigger circuit, pretreatment circuit, then introduce the function of data acquisition card PCI-9812. Software design is based on virtual instrument technology, with LabVIEW as system development platform. The article discusses driver interface design, with the method of using call library function. By this way, the data communication is realized between computer and PCI data acquisition card. So the paper designs data acquisition, data reappearance, data process and result display units. Finally, we have made debugging for every part of software and hardware.
本文首先介绍了测速雷达国内外的发展概况,阐述了测速雷达的测速原理,并进行总体方案的设计。在硬件方面,特别讨论了雷达收发组件、前置电路、触发电路、预处理电路等四个功能模块的设计方案和硬件电路的实现方法,对数据采集卡PCI-9812的功能做了介绍。软件设计基于虚拟仪器技术,以LabVIEW作为系统的软件开发平台。我们探讨了驱动接口设计,采用调用动态链接库的方法实现与PCI数据采集卡的数据通信,完成了数据采集存储单元、数据回放单元、数据处理单元及结果显示单元的设计。最后对软硬件的各个部分作了调试验证。
With the development of society and the advance of science and technology, computer technical and measure instrument technology is close to combine, making a kind of new measure instruments—Virtual Instrument. Virtual Instrument is a kind of instruments of functional meaning, it is composed of computer, instrument hardware and application software. Generally speaking, it first implements the signal acquisition on special instruments, and then realizes the data display and measure function by virtue of software programming. As a new measure instrument of representative, virtual Instrument has changed the thought of traditional instrument. The test system designed by virtual instrument technology has many advantages such as simple structure, complete function, friendly interface, development cycle short and maintenance debug convenience. Therefore, Virtual Instrument has gotten extensive application in the fields such as automation test and measure.
In this paper, the paper first analyzes domestic and international development situation, describes measure principle, then designs the overall scheme. As the aspect of hardware, this article particularly discusses schemes and circuit realization of four function modules, which include radar transceiver, signal pre-amplification circuit, trigger circuit, pretreatment circuit, then introduce the function of data acquisition card PCI-9812. Software design is based on virtual instrument technology, with LabVIEW as system development platform. The article discusses driver interface design, with the method of using call library function. By this way, the data communication is realized between computer and PCI data acquisition card. So the paper designs data acquisition, data reappearance, data process and result display units. Finally, we have made debugging for every part of software and hardware.
引文
[1]丁鹭飞,耿富录.雷达原理.第3版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004
[2]张升伟.多普勒雷达弹道测速虚拟仪器信号分析模块研究:(硕士学位论文).南京:南京理工大学,2003
[3]张锦斌.火炮初速测量方法浅析.无线电通信技术.1993(08):23-31
[4]张锦斌.火炮测速雷达的应用与发展.无线电工程.1994(24):9-19
[5]孙治福.弹丸速度测试技术.通用测试技术.2000(08)
[6]张锦斌,黄巍.我国连续波多普勒雷达在火炮测速中的应用.测试技术学报.1996(2):63-68
[7]周求湛,钱志鸿,刘萍萍.虚拟仪器与LabVIEW~(TM)7 Express程序设计.第1版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[8]于晓薇.基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器研究及其在板材厚度监测中的应用:(硕士学位论文).杭州:浙江大学,2004
[9]王行娟.基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器实验教学系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).武汉:武汉理工大学,2007
[10]刘君华.基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器设计.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[11]张明友,汪学刚.雷达系统.第2版.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[12]杨秀强.低成本Ka波段多普勒测速前端及信号处理技术研究:(硕士学位论文).成都:电子科技大学,2005
[13]Analog Device.Inc.AD620 DATA SHEET.1999
[14]王伟杰,卫军,肖勇军.单片有源滤波器LTC1562的原理与应用.国外电子元器件.2003(09):73-74
[15]Analog Device Inc.AD8138 DATA SHEET.2001
[16]MAXIM.MAX485 DATASHEET.1996
[17]Analog Device.Inc.AD603 DATA SHEET.2000
[18]时雨,赵正予,陈曦.可变增益放大器AD603在雷达系统中的应用.电子设计应用通信与计算机.2004(5):22-24
[19]侯国屏,王坤,叶齐鑫.LabVIEW7.1编程与虚拟仪器设计.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[20]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.NuDAQ PCI-9812/10 User's MANUAL.2006
[21]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.NuDAQ PCI-9812/10 DATA SHEET.2006
[22]曹娟.基于虚拟仪器的绝缘子冰闪过程泄漏电流检测研究:(硕士学位论文).重庆: 重庆大学,2003
[23]江思敏,姚鹏翼,胡荣.Protel电路设计教程.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[24]陈锡辉,张银鸿.LabVIEW8.20程序设计从入门到精通.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[25]熊焕庭.在LabVIEW中数据采集卡的三种驱动方法.电测与仪表.2001(08):35-37
[26]李学生,戴波.基于DLL的LabVIEW数据采集系统.北京石油化工学院学报.2005(6):24-26
[27]雷振山.LabVIEW 7 Express实用技术教程.第1版.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[28]杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇.LabVIEW高级程序设计.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[29]丁玉美,高西全.数字信号处理.第2版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000
[30]康华光.电子技术基础:模拟部分.第4版.北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[31]王吴,李昕.集成运放应用电路设计360例.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[32]贾兴泉.连续波雷达数据处理.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[33]高鹏,安涛,寇怀成.电路设计与制版——Protel 99入门与提高.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2000
[34]杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电原理与应用.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[35]马明.常规兵器外弹道测速雷达的现状及发展趋势.无线电工程.1991(04):41-46
[36]樊桂花,何凤艳.一种基于虚拟仪器技术的弹丸初速度测试仪的设计.指挥技术学院学报.2001(02):88-91
[37]汤楠,穆向阳.PCI-9812高速数据采集板及其应用.工业控制计算机.2003(11):60-62
[38]肖甘,成豪.虚拟仪器技术及在实验仪器领域中的应用.计量与测试技术.2005(05):31-33
[39]郑莹娜,刘强,李扬.基于NI-LabVIEW开发平台的虚拟测试系统.电子技术应用.1998(12):13-14
[40]杨忠仁,饶程,邹建.基于LabVIEW数据采集系统.重庆大学学报.2004(02):32-35
[41]陈敏,汤晓安.虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW与数据采集.小型微型计算机系统.2001(04):502-503
[42]朱立军,张元培,都俊超.在LabVIEW中编写数据采集卡驱动程序不同方法的比较.北京工商大学学报.2003(02):46-49
[43]李威宣,黄建新.基于LabVIEW平台的通用数据采集卡的驱动方法及数据采集.电 子质量.2005(07):14-16
[44]岳林,张令弥.基于动态链接库实现数据采集硬件与LabVIEW的接口.实验室研究与探索.2006(08):925-927
[45]王先超,王先传.基于LabVIEW的FFT算法的研究与实现.仪器仪表用户.2006(06):91-92
[46]丁玉剑.基于LabVIEW的局部放电检测系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).保定:华北电力大学,2006
[47]万建伟,周良柱,皇甫甚.测速雷达的谱分析技术.弹道学报.1995(04):71-76
[48]王俊,迟钦河,俞松耀.基于虚拟仪器技术的测速雷达信号处理系统.微计算机信息.2003(10):66-67
[49]卢剑奇,赵拥军,党同心.虚拟仪器技术在雷达系统测试中的应用.仪器仪表学报.2005f08):258-261
[50]LI Fengliang,LI Ling,LI Yuxing."A NEW DOPPLER RADAR OF VELOCITY MEASURING AT MILLIMETERWAVES".IEEE Trans-MTT,1998:435-438
[51]Marcin A.Stegawski,Roll Sohanmann.A New Virtual-Instrumentation-Based Experimenting Environment for Undergraduate Laboratories with Application in Research and Manufacturing.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT,1998..1503-1506
[52]Asan Gani,M.J.E.Aalami.A LabVIEW based Data Acquisition System for Vibration Monitoring and Analysis.IEEE Design and Test of Computer,2002..62-74
[53]Alexandre Camacho Coelho,Neusa Mafia Franco Oliveira.Work in Prpgress:Virtual Instrumentation in Electroic Warfare Education.36th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference,2006,T1C..23-24
[54]LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION.LTC 1562 DATA SHEET.1998
[55]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.PCIS-DASK User's Manual.2007
[56]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.PCIS-DASK Function Reference Manual.2007
[2]张升伟.多普勒雷达弹道测速虚拟仪器信号分析模块研究:(硕士学位论文).南京:南京理工大学,2003
[3]张锦斌.火炮初速测量方法浅析.无线电通信技术.1993(08):23-31
[4]张锦斌.火炮测速雷达的应用与发展.无线电工程.1994(24):9-19
[5]孙治福.弹丸速度测试技术.通用测试技术.2000(08)
[6]张锦斌,黄巍.我国连续波多普勒雷达在火炮测速中的应用.测试技术学报.1996(2):63-68
[7]周求湛,钱志鸿,刘萍萍.虚拟仪器与LabVIEW~(TM)7 Express程序设计.第1版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004
[8]于晓薇.基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器研究及其在板材厚度监测中的应用:(硕士学位论文).杭州:浙江大学,2004
[9]王行娟.基于LabVIEW虚拟仪器实验教学系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).武汉:武汉理工大学,2007
[10]刘君华.基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器设计.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社,2003
[11]张明友,汪学刚.雷达系统.第2版.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
[12]杨秀强.低成本Ka波段多普勒测速前端及信号处理技术研究:(硕士学位论文).成都:电子科技大学,2005
[13]Analog Device.Inc.AD620 DATA SHEET.1999
[14]王伟杰,卫军,肖勇军.单片有源滤波器LTC1562的原理与应用.国外电子元器件.2003(09):73-74
[15]Analog Device Inc.AD8138 DATA SHEET.2001
[16]MAXIM.MAX485 DATASHEET.1996
[17]Analog Device.Inc.AD603 DATA SHEET.2000
[18]时雨,赵正予,陈曦.可变增益放大器AD603在雷达系统中的应用.电子设计应用通信与计算机.2004(5):22-24
[19]侯国屏,王坤,叶齐鑫.LabVIEW7.1编程与虚拟仪器设计.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[20]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.NuDAQ PCI-9812/10 User's MANUAL.2006
[21]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.NuDAQ PCI-9812/10 DATA SHEET.2006
[22]曹娟.基于虚拟仪器的绝缘子冰闪过程泄漏电流检测研究:(硕士学位论文).重庆: 重庆大学,2003
[23]江思敏,姚鹏翼,胡荣.Protel电路设计教程.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[24]陈锡辉,张银鸿.LabVIEW8.20程序设计从入门到精通.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[25]熊焕庭.在LabVIEW中数据采集卡的三种驱动方法.电测与仪表.2001(08):35-37
[26]李学生,戴波.基于DLL的LabVIEW数据采集系统.北京石油化工学院学报.2005(6):24-26
[27]雷振山.LabVIEW 7 Express实用技术教程.第1版.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[28]杨乐平,李海涛,赵勇.LabVIEW高级程序设计.第1版.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[29]丁玉美,高西全.数字信号处理.第2版.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000
[30]康华光.电子技术基础:模拟部分.第4版.北京:高等教育出版社,1999
[31]王吴,李昕.集成运放应用电路设计360例.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社,2007
[32]贾兴泉.连续波雷达数据处理.第1版.北京:国防工业出版社,2005
[33]高鹏,安涛,寇怀成.电路设计与制版——Protel 99入门与提高.第1版.北京:人民邮电出版社,2000
[34]杨小牛,楼才义,徐建良.软件无线电原理与应用.第1版.北京:电子工业出版社,2001
[35]马明.常规兵器外弹道测速雷达的现状及发展趋势.无线电工程.1991(04):41-46
[36]樊桂花,何凤艳.一种基于虚拟仪器技术的弹丸初速度测试仪的设计.指挥技术学院学报.2001(02):88-91
[37]汤楠,穆向阳.PCI-9812高速数据采集板及其应用.工业控制计算机.2003(11):60-62
[38]肖甘,成豪.虚拟仪器技术及在实验仪器领域中的应用.计量与测试技术.2005(05):31-33
[39]郑莹娜,刘强,李扬.基于NI-LabVIEW开发平台的虚拟测试系统.电子技术应用.1998(12):13-14
[40]杨忠仁,饶程,邹建.基于LabVIEW数据采集系统.重庆大学学报.2004(02):32-35
[41]陈敏,汤晓安.虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW与数据采集.小型微型计算机系统.2001(04):502-503
[42]朱立军,张元培,都俊超.在LabVIEW中编写数据采集卡驱动程序不同方法的比较.北京工商大学学报.2003(02):46-49
[43]李威宣,黄建新.基于LabVIEW平台的通用数据采集卡的驱动方法及数据采集.电 子质量.2005(07):14-16
[44]岳林,张令弥.基于动态链接库实现数据采集硬件与LabVIEW的接口.实验室研究与探索.2006(08):925-927
[45]王先超,王先传.基于LabVIEW的FFT算法的研究与实现.仪器仪表用户.2006(06):91-92
[46]丁玉剑.基于LabVIEW的局部放电检测系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).保定:华北电力大学,2006
[47]万建伟,周良柱,皇甫甚.测速雷达的谱分析技术.弹道学报.1995(04):71-76
[48]王俊,迟钦河,俞松耀.基于虚拟仪器技术的测速雷达信号处理系统.微计算机信息.2003(10):66-67
[49]卢剑奇,赵拥军,党同心.虚拟仪器技术在雷达系统测试中的应用.仪器仪表学报.2005f08):258-261
[50]LI Fengliang,LI Ling,LI Yuxing."A NEW DOPPLER RADAR OF VELOCITY MEASURING AT MILLIMETERWAVES".IEEE Trans-MTT,1998:435-438
[51]Marcin A.Stegawski,Roll Sohanmann.A New Virtual-Instrumentation-Based Experimenting Environment for Undergraduate Laboratories with Application in Research and Manufacturing.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT,1998..1503-1506
[52]Asan Gani,M.J.E.Aalami.A LabVIEW based Data Acquisition System for Vibration Monitoring and Analysis.IEEE Design and Test of Computer,2002..62-74
[53]Alexandre Camacho Coelho,Neusa Mafia Franco Oliveira.Work in Prpgress:Virtual Instrumentation in Electroic Warfare Education.36th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference,2006,T1C..23-24
[54]LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION.LTC 1562 DATA SHEET.1998
[55]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.PCIS-DASK User's Manual.2007
[56]ADLINK TECHNOLOGY INC.PCIS-DASK Function Reference Manual.2007