数模混合电路故障虚拟测试技术的研究
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摘要
数模混合电路广泛用于多媒体、无线网络和便携式数据系统。目前,数模混合电路的故障诊断中存在着数/模信号统一处理难、检测效率低、自动化程度不高的问题。因此,数模混合电路的故障诊断技术是近年来电路测试领域研究的热点。
本文在用DES理论进行电路可测试性分析的基础上,将虚拟仪器技术应用到数模混合电路的测试中,所做的主要工作及成果如下:
◆在深入研究自动测试技术和数模混合电路故障诊断方法的基础上,设计了将DES理论和虚拟仪器技术相结合的数模混合电路故障诊断的方案。
◆选择了一个典型的数模混合电路,建立了该电路的DES模型。通过电路仿真软件对其进行故障仿真,建立了故障字典,用离散粒子群算法求取该电路的最小测试集。仿真和实验表明,该方法能够有效地约简故障诊断表。
◆设计了数模混合电路虚拟测试系统的硬件方案,采用PC机+数据采集卡的结构搭建了实验平台。该方案有效地提高了检测速度,实现了故障测试的自动化。
◆在虚拟仪器开发环境LabWindows/CVI中编程实现了对被测电路故障数据的采集,编写数据分析软件实现了被测电路故障点的准确定位。实验证明了DES理论和虚拟仪器技术结合应用于数模混合电路故障诊断的可行性。
Mixed-signal(digital and analog)circuits are widely used in multimedia, the wireless network and the portable data system. There are some problems in present fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits, such as difficulty in unifying the digital and analogue signal, poor efficiency, low automatization and so on. So the fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits is a hotspot in the field of circuits testing.
In this dissertation, the DES theory is used to analyse the testability of circuits, the virtual instrument technique is used in the fault diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits. The main work and contributions of the dissertation are summarized as follows:
By deep research in Automatic Test System and fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal, a scheme was designed to realize the diagnosis by combining DES theory and the virtual instrument technique.
A typical mixed-signal circuit was chosen, it's fault model was built up. The software Multisim was used to simulate the circuit so as to build up the fault dictionary. The Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm was used to get the minimum test set of the circuit, and then a reduced fault dictionary could be attained.
The structure of the hardware was designed. The experiment circuit was built on SC-2075, PCI DAQ device was used to acquire data to the software system. In this way, the speed of test could be improved and automatization of the test could be realized.
The program of acquiring data was completed in the VI environment LabWindows/CVI, the program of analysis was also completed according to the reduced fault dictionary. It can be certified that it is feasible to carry out the fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits by combining with DES theory and the virtual instrument technique.
本文在用DES理论进行电路可测试性分析的基础上,将虚拟仪器技术应用到数模混合电路的测试中,所做的主要工作及成果如下:
◆在深入研究自动测试技术和数模混合电路故障诊断方法的基础上,设计了将DES理论和虚拟仪器技术相结合的数模混合电路故障诊断的方案。
◆选择了一个典型的数模混合电路,建立了该电路的DES模型。通过电路仿真软件对其进行故障仿真,建立了故障字典,用离散粒子群算法求取该电路的最小测试集。仿真和实验表明,该方法能够有效地约简故障诊断表。
◆设计了数模混合电路虚拟测试系统的硬件方案,采用PC机+数据采集卡的结构搭建了实验平台。该方案有效地提高了检测速度,实现了故障测试的自动化。
◆在虚拟仪器开发环境LabWindows/CVI中编程实现了对被测电路故障数据的采集,编写数据分析软件实现了被测电路故障点的准确定位。实验证明了DES理论和虚拟仪器技术结合应用于数模混合电路故障诊断的可行性。
Mixed-signal(digital and analog)circuits are widely used in multimedia, the wireless network and the portable data system. There are some problems in present fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits, such as difficulty in unifying the digital and analogue signal, poor efficiency, low automatization and so on. So the fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits is a hotspot in the field of circuits testing.
In this dissertation, the DES theory is used to analyse the testability of circuits, the virtual instrument technique is used in the fault diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits. The main work and contributions of the dissertation are summarized as follows:
By deep research in Automatic Test System and fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal, a scheme was designed to realize the diagnosis by combining DES theory and the virtual instrument technique.
A typical mixed-signal circuit was chosen, it's fault model was built up. The software Multisim was used to simulate the circuit so as to build up the fault dictionary. The Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm was used to get the minimum test set of the circuit, and then a reduced fault dictionary could be attained.
The structure of the hardware was designed. The experiment circuit was built on SC-2075, PCI DAQ device was used to acquire data to the software system. In this way, the speed of test could be improved and automatization of the test could be realized.
The program of acquiring data was completed in the VI environment LabWindows/CVI, the program of analysis was also completed according to the reduced fault dictionary. It can be certified that it is feasible to carry out the fault-diagnosis of mixed-signal circuits by combining with DES theory and the virtual instrument technique.
引文
[1]陈光禹,潘中良.可测试性技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1997.
[2]杨吉祥,詹宏英.电子测试技术基础[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999.
[3]顾德均等.航空电子装备修理理论与技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001.
[4]高泽涵.电子电路故障诊断技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.
[5]杨士元.数字电路的故障诊断与可靠性设计[M].北京:清华出版社,1989.
[6]彭敏放,何怡刚,贺建飚.模拟电路故障检测与定位新方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2006,20(1):10-14.
[7]吴欣,张博,陈涛.基于神经网络的大规模模拟电路故障检测系统[J].计算机测量与控制,2004,12(11):1049-1051.
[8]张军.数模混合电路的测试与故障诊断的研究[D].硕士学位论文,合肥工业大学,2007.5.
[9]Licmg jing,et al.Using Neural Networks and Fuzzy Theory in Failure Diagnosis Expert System[A].ICTD'95[C].1995,JiLin China:27-30.
[10]Goulette R R.The measurement of radiated emissions from Integrated Circuits[J].Trans on EMC.IEEE,1992:340-345.
[11]Bechir Ayari,Naim BenHamida,Bozena Kaminska.Automatic Test Vector Generation for Mixed-Signal Circuits[C].Proceedings of the EDTC:The European Design and Test Conference.IEEE,1995:458-463.
[12]郑大钟,赵千川.离散事件动态系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[13]Cassandras C G.Introduction to the Modeling,Control and Optimization of Discrete Event System[J].Mathmatics and Information,1995:80-151.
[14]Feng Lin,Zheng Hui Lin,T.W.Lin.A Uniform Approach to Mixed-Singal Circuit Test[J].International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications,1997,25(2):81-93.
[15]Feng Lin,T.W.Lin.Diagnosability of discrete event systems and it's applications to circuit testing[C].Proceeding of 36th.Midwest Symposium on Circuit and Systems,IEEE,1993:344-347.
[16]Feng Lin,John Markee,Bill Rado.Design and Test of Mixed Signal Circuits:A Discrete-Event Approach[C].Proceddings of the 32nd Conference on Decision and Control,IEEE,1993:217-222.
[17]孙俊人.新编电子电路大全[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2001.
[18]张毅,周绍磊,杨秀霞.虚拟仪器技术分析与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社2004,1-2.
[19]王妍妍.数模混合电路故障诊断系统若干问题的研究[D].硕士学位论文,合肥工业大学,2005.5.
[20]汪涌,鲁昌华,姚成忠.基于离散粒子群算法的电路测试集最小化方法[C].第五届全国信息获取与处理学术会议,2007.8.
[21]王冠华,王伊娜.Multisim8电路设计及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.6.
[22]谢自美.电子线路综合设计[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2006.6.
[23](德)施吕费尔(schrufer,E.)著,殳伟群译.电测技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[24]曹玲芝.现代测试技术及虚拟仪器[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[25]李行善,左毅,孙杰.自动测试系统集成技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.6.
[26]李宝安,李行善.自动测试系统(ATS)软件的发展及关键技术[J].测控技术,2003,22(1):1-4.
[27]李行善,于劲松.ATS及ATE技术[J].电子产品世界,2002,3:30-32.
[28]赵会兵.虚拟仪器技术规范与系统集成[M].北京:清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2003,1-4.
[29]杨乐平.虚拟仪器技术概论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[30]孙晓云,郭立炜,孙会琴.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器设计与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.7,1-5.
[31]张毅刚,乔立岩.虚拟仪器软件开发环境LabWindows/CVI6.0编程指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.8,2-3.
[32]马国华.监控组态软件及其应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[33]SC-2075 Singnal Conditioning Accessory,NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS USER GUIDE[M].
[34]张易知,肖啸,张喜斌.虚拟仪器的设计与实现[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001.1,2-4.
[35]林君,谢宣松.虚拟仪器原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006,8-9
[36]L.Rapisarda,R.Decarlo.Analog multifrequency fault diagnosis[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems,1983,30(4):223-233.
[37]黄洁.基于瞬态响应的数模混合电路故障诊断神经网络方法[D].硕士学位论文,湖南大学,2004.
[38]刘清饶,王利波,王君忠.基于LabWindows/CVI的航电设备自动测试系统 设计[J].现代电子技术,2007,13:148-149.
[39]冯锡智,王格芳,吴国庆.基于VXI总线的通用自动测试系统[J].火力与指挥控制,2003年第2期,78-80.
[40]何英,孟晨.基于VXI总线的自动测试与故障诊断系统设计[J].电力自动化设备,2002,3:59-60.
[41]刘朝辉,李宝利,刘晃春.基于VXI总线的综合检测系统方案设计[J].弹箭与制导学报,2007,27(1):329-331.
[2]杨吉祥,詹宏英.电子测试技术基础[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1999.
[3]顾德均等.航空电子装备修理理论与技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2001.
[4]高泽涵.电子电路故障诊断技术[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2000.
[5]杨士元.数字电路的故障诊断与可靠性设计[M].北京:清华出版社,1989.
[6]彭敏放,何怡刚,贺建飚.模拟电路故障检测与定位新方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2006,20(1):10-14.
[7]吴欣,张博,陈涛.基于神经网络的大规模模拟电路故障检测系统[J].计算机测量与控制,2004,12(11):1049-1051.
[8]张军.数模混合电路的测试与故障诊断的研究[D].硕士学位论文,合肥工业大学,2007.5.
[9]Licmg jing,et al.Using Neural Networks and Fuzzy Theory in Failure Diagnosis Expert System[A].ICTD'95[C].1995,JiLin China:27-30.
[10]Goulette R R.The measurement of radiated emissions from Integrated Circuits[J].Trans on EMC.IEEE,1992:340-345.
[11]Bechir Ayari,Naim BenHamida,Bozena Kaminska.Automatic Test Vector Generation for Mixed-Signal Circuits[C].Proceedings of the EDTC:The European Design and Test Conference.IEEE,1995:458-463.
[12]郑大钟,赵千川.离散事件动态系统[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2000.
[13]Cassandras C G.Introduction to the Modeling,Control and Optimization of Discrete Event System[J].Mathmatics and Information,1995:80-151.
[14]Feng Lin,Zheng Hui Lin,T.W.Lin.A Uniform Approach to Mixed-Singal Circuit Test[J].International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications,1997,25(2):81-93.
[15]Feng Lin,T.W.Lin.Diagnosability of discrete event systems and it's applications to circuit testing[C].Proceeding of 36th.Midwest Symposium on Circuit and Systems,IEEE,1993:344-347.
[16]Feng Lin,John Markee,Bill Rado.Design and Test of Mixed Signal Circuits:A Discrete-Event Approach[C].Proceddings of the 32nd Conference on Decision and Control,IEEE,1993:217-222.
[17]孙俊人.新编电子电路大全[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2001.
[18]张毅,周绍磊,杨秀霞.虚拟仪器技术分析与应用[M].北京:机械工业出版社2004,1-2.
[19]王妍妍.数模混合电路故障诊断系统若干问题的研究[D].硕士学位论文,合肥工业大学,2005.5.
[20]汪涌,鲁昌华,姚成忠.基于离散粒子群算法的电路测试集最小化方法[C].第五届全国信息获取与处理学术会议,2007.8.
[21]王冠华,王伊娜.Multisim8电路设计及应用[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2006.6.
[22]谢自美.电子线路综合设计[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2006.6.
[23](德)施吕费尔(schrufer,E.)著,殳伟群译.电测技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[24]曹玲芝.现代测试技术及虚拟仪器[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2004.
[25]李行善,左毅,孙杰.自动测试系统集成技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2004.6.
[26]李宝安,李行善.自动测试系统(ATS)软件的发展及关键技术[J].测控技术,2003,22(1):1-4.
[27]李行善,于劲松.ATS及ATE技术[J].电子产品世界,2002,3:30-32.
[28]赵会兵.虚拟仪器技术规范与系统集成[M].北京:清华大学出版社,北京交通大学出版社,2003,1-4.
[29]杨乐平.虚拟仪器技术概论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[30]孙晓云,郭立炜,孙会琴.基于LabWindows/CVI的虚拟仪器设计与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.7,1-5.
[31]张毅刚,乔立岩.虚拟仪器软件开发环境LabWindows/CVI6.0编程指南[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.8,2-3.
[32]马国华.监控组态软件及其应用[M],北京:清华大学出版社,2001.
[33]SC-2075 Singnal Conditioning Accessory,NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS USER GUIDE[M].
[34]张易知,肖啸,张喜斌.虚拟仪器的设计与实现[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2001.1,2-4.
[35]林君,谢宣松.虚拟仪器原理及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2006,8-9
[36]L.Rapisarda,R.Decarlo.Analog multifrequency fault diagnosis[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems,1983,30(4):223-233.
[37]黄洁.基于瞬态响应的数模混合电路故障诊断神经网络方法[D].硕士学位论文,湖南大学,2004.
[38]刘清饶,王利波,王君忠.基于LabWindows/CVI的航电设备自动测试系统 设计[J].现代电子技术,2007,13:148-149.
[39]冯锡智,王格芳,吴国庆.基于VXI总线的通用自动测试系统[J].火力与指挥控制,2003年第2期,78-80.
[40]何英,孟晨.基于VXI总线的自动测试与故障诊断系统设计[J].电力自动化设备,2002,3:59-60.
[41]刘朝辉,李宝利,刘晃春.基于VXI总线的综合检测系统方案设计[J].弹箭与制导学报,2007,27(1):329-331.