应用于多路耦合器的可调滤波器研究
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摘要
在现代无线通信系统，尤其是军用无线通信系统中，通信干扰技术与抗干扰技术一直是热点的研究领域。在保证己方通信畅通的同时干扰敌方通信，这就能掌握战场的主动权。由于其可靠性、全天候性与稳定性，跳频超短波抗干扰通信一直是抗干扰通信领域的重要研究课题之一。作为跳频超短波抗干扰通信系统的重要组成部分，超短波抗干扰VHF/UHF多路耦合器以及其中的关键组成部分----可调滤波器一直是研究的热点。本文紧密结合研究课题，以工作于VHF/UHF多路耦合器中的可调滤波器作为设计目标，对可调滤波器的设计方法及工程实现进行了系统的研究。本文所做的工作以及取得的主要研究成果为：
1.总结了多路耦合器和应用于其中的可调滤波器设计的基本理论和设计方法。将两者的设计结合考虑，从多路耦合器的要求出发，通过分析多路耦合器和可调滤波器之间的相互制约关系，得到了相应可调滤波器必须达到的一些特殊指标要求。超短波抗干扰技术的发展要求多路耦合器具有更多的通信通道，更广的跳频范围以及在跳频范围内恒定的通道带宽。由此得出对可调滤波器的要求为更小的端口电纳，更广的调谐范围以及恒定的滤波器带宽。
2.对同轴腔可调滤波器的输入输出耦合环形式以及其对应的端口电纳特性进行了研究。总结了经典的同轴腔可调滤波器输入输出耦合环的设计方法，从其端口电纳特性出发分析了经典输入输出耦合环的局限性。提出了一种双环输入输出耦合结构，分析了其工作原理。设计了采用这种双环结构的同轴腔可调滤波器，得到了期望的性能。
3.对常用同轴腔可调滤波器的腔间耦合结构进行了研究，总结了其设计方法。分析了同轴腔可调滤波器在其调谐频率范围内带宽逐渐变宽的原因。提出了两种耦合窗口结合耦合环的腔间耦合方式，实现了同轴腔可调滤波器在可调谐频率范围内几乎恒定的工作带宽。
4.对同轴腔可调滤波器的自动调谐方法进行了研究。通过分析同轴腔可调滤波器的特点，提出了一种基于空间映射以及参数提取的自动调谐方案。并且针对这个方案对空间映射方法和参数提取方法进行了改进。最后对所提出的方案进行了验证。
5.对其他类型的电调谐可调滤波器进行了研究。主要针对非机械调谐的可调滤波器。重点研究了基于移相器的可调滤波器和基于铁氧体的可调滤波器，提出了两种基于移相器的可调滤波器以及一种基于铁氧体的TM模式介质可调滤波器。最后对其性能进行了仿真验证。
In modern wireless communication systems, especially in the military wirelesscommunication systems, the communication interference and anti-interference technology isalways a hot research area. To interference the enemy’s communication systems and ensureone’s own communication system at the same time, the initiative of the battlefield will begrasped in our hand. For the features of reliability, all-weather and stability, the ultra-shortwave anti-interference frequency hopping communication is an important research topic in thefield of the anti-interference communications. As an important part of the ultra-short waveanti-interference frequency hopping communication system, the ultra-short waveanti-interference VHF/UHF multi-coupler and its key component, the tunable filter, is alwaysa hot study pot. Closely integrated research project and take the tunable filter using in theVHF/UHF multi-coupler as the goal, this paper carried out a systematic study the design andengineering realize of the tunable filter. The author’s major work and contributions areoutlined as follows:
1. The basic theory and design methods of the multi-coupler and the tunable filter usingin the multi-coupler is summary in this paper. In this paper, combining the designconsideration of the multi-coupler and tunable filter together, and starting from therequirements of the multi-coupler, through analyzing the interactions among the multi-couplerand tunable filters, we get some specially specifications that the tunable filter must meet. Thedevelopment of the ultra-short wave anti-interference technology requires that themulti-coupler must have more communication channel, a wider hopping range and a constantbandwidth in the hopping range. The resulting requirements for the tunable filters are asmaller port susceptance, a wider tunable range and a constant bandwidth in the operating.
2. The form of the input/output coupling loop of the coaxial-cavity tunable filter and itscorresponding susceptance characteristic in the port was studied in this paper. And this papersummarizes the traditional design method of the input/output coupling loop in thecoaxial-cavity tunable filter and analyzes its limitations starting from the port susceptancecharacteristic. And then a double loops coupling structure is proposed also its workingprinciple analyze. Finally, a coaxial-cavity tunable filter adopting this coupling structure isdesigned and a desired performance is obtained.
3. The study of the coupling structure between cavities of the coaxial cavity filter is carried out in this paper and its designed method is summarized. The reasons for bandwidth ofthe coaxial cavity tunable filter becomes wider and wider is analyzed in this paper. And then ainter-cavities coupling structure constitute of coupling window and coupling loop is presentedand realized an almost constant bandwidth coaxial cavity tunable filter in its operating range.
4. The study of the auto-tune method using in the coaxial cavity tunable filter is carriedout in this paper. Through analyzing the features of the coaxial cavity tunable filter, anauto-tune method based on the space mapping and parameter extraction is proposed in thispaper. And the space mapping and parameter extraction are improved to meet the demand ofthe coaxial cavity tunable filter. Finally, the method is verified.
5. The study of the other type tunable filters is carried out in this paper, mainly aim to thenon-mechanical tune tunable filter. The study is focuses on the tunable filter based on thephase shifter and ferrite. Two tunable filters based on the phase shifter and a dielectric tunablefilter based on ferrite operating in TM mode is introduced in this paper. Finally, the method isverified through simulation.
1.总结了多路耦合器和应用于其中的可调滤波器设计的基本理论和设计方法。将两者的设计结合考虑，从多路耦合器的要求出发，通过分析多路耦合器和可调滤波器之间的相互制约关系，得到了相应可调滤波器必须达到的一些特殊指标要求。超短波抗干扰技术的发展要求多路耦合器具有更多的通信通道，更广的跳频范围以及在跳频范围内恒定的通道带宽。由此得出对可调滤波器的要求为更小的端口电纳，更广的调谐范围以及恒定的滤波器带宽。
2.对同轴腔可调滤波器的输入输出耦合环形式以及其对应的端口电纳特性进行了研究。总结了经典的同轴腔可调滤波器输入输出耦合环的设计方法，从其端口电纳特性出发分析了经典输入输出耦合环的局限性。提出了一种双环输入输出耦合结构，分析了其工作原理。设计了采用这种双环结构的同轴腔可调滤波器，得到了期望的性能。
3.对常用同轴腔可调滤波器的腔间耦合结构进行了研究，总结了其设计方法。分析了同轴腔可调滤波器在其调谐频率范围内带宽逐渐变宽的原因。提出了两种耦合窗口结合耦合环的腔间耦合方式，实现了同轴腔可调滤波器在可调谐频率范围内几乎恒定的工作带宽。
4.对同轴腔可调滤波器的自动调谐方法进行了研究。通过分析同轴腔可调滤波器的特点，提出了一种基于空间映射以及参数提取的自动调谐方案。并且针对这个方案对空间映射方法和参数提取方法进行了改进。最后对所提出的方案进行了验证。
5.对其他类型的电调谐可调滤波器进行了研究。主要针对非机械调谐的可调滤波器。重点研究了基于移相器的可调滤波器和基于铁氧体的可调滤波器，提出了两种基于移相器的可调滤波器以及一种基于铁氧体的TM模式介质可调滤波器。最后对其性能进行了仿真验证。
In modern wireless communication systems, especially in the military wirelesscommunication systems, the communication interference and anti-interference technology isalways a hot research area. To interference the enemy’s communication systems and ensureone’s own communication system at the same time, the initiative of the battlefield will begrasped in our hand. For the features of reliability, all-weather and stability, the ultra-shortwave anti-interference frequency hopping communication is an important research topic in thefield of the anti-interference communications. As an important part of the ultra-short waveanti-interference frequency hopping communication system, the ultra-short waveanti-interference VHF/UHF multi-coupler and its key component, the tunable filter, is alwaysa hot study pot. Closely integrated research project and take the tunable filter using in theVHF/UHF multi-coupler as the goal, this paper carried out a systematic study the design andengineering realize of the tunable filter. The author’s major work and contributions areoutlined as follows:
1. The basic theory and design methods of the multi-coupler and the tunable filter usingin the multi-coupler is summary in this paper. In this paper, combining the designconsideration of the multi-coupler and tunable filter together, and starting from therequirements of the multi-coupler, through analyzing the interactions among the multi-couplerand tunable filters, we get some specially specifications that the tunable filter must meet. Thedevelopment of the ultra-short wave anti-interference technology requires that themulti-coupler must have more communication channel, a wider hopping range and a constantbandwidth in the hopping range. The resulting requirements for the tunable filters are asmaller port susceptance, a wider tunable range and a constant bandwidth in the operating.
2. The form of the input/output coupling loop of the coaxial-cavity tunable filter and itscorresponding susceptance characteristic in the port was studied in this paper. And this papersummarizes the traditional design method of the input/output coupling loop in thecoaxial-cavity tunable filter and analyzes its limitations starting from the port susceptancecharacteristic. And then a double loops coupling structure is proposed also its workingprinciple analyze. Finally, a coaxial-cavity tunable filter adopting this coupling structure isdesigned and a desired performance is obtained.
3. The study of the coupling structure between cavities of the coaxial cavity filter is carried out in this paper and its designed method is summarized. The reasons for bandwidth ofthe coaxial cavity tunable filter becomes wider and wider is analyzed in this paper. And then ainter-cavities coupling structure constitute of coupling window and coupling loop is presentedand realized an almost constant bandwidth coaxial cavity tunable filter in its operating range.
4. The study of the auto-tune method using in the coaxial cavity tunable filter is carriedout in this paper. Through analyzing the features of the coaxial cavity tunable filter, anauto-tune method based on the space mapping and parameter extraction is proposed in thispaper. And the space mapping and parameter extraction are improved to meet the demand ofthe coaxial cavity tunable filter. Finally, the method is verified.
5. The study of the other type tunable filters is carried out in this paper, mainly aim to thenon-mechanical tune tunable filter. The study is focuses on the tunable filter based on thephase shifter and ferrite. Two tunable filters based on the phase shifter and a dielectric tunablefilter based on ferrite operating in TM mode is introduced in this paper. Finally, the method isverified through simulation.
引文
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