调肝导浊中药对实验性高脂血症与动脉粥样硬化症影响的实验研究
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摘要
目的 观察调肝导浊中药对实验性高脂血症大鼠模型及实验性动脉粥样硬化(AS)家兔模型血脂、肝脏及主动脉病变的影响，探讨AS的发病机制，研究调肝导浊中药复方调控脂代谢、防治AS的机理所在。
方法
1．高胆固醇饮食饲喂SD大鼠2个月，造成高脂血症模型，并在给药组中按照成人剂量20倍同时给调肝导浊中药煎剂，以洛伐他汀作为对照，实验结束时处死动物检测血脂，并观察肝脏病理变化。
2．高胆固醇饮食饲喂日本大耳白家兔3个月，造成AS模型，并在给药组中按照成人剂量10倍同时给调肝导浊中药制剂，以洛伐汀作为对照，实验结束时处死动物，检测动脉硬化指数(AI)，观察主动脉病理改变。
3．采用组织块贴壁法体外培养大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)，以高脂血清培养基和无菌中药药液培养基进行分组培养，传至第四代，调整细胞数为1×10~6个／ml培养液，取培养液进行一氧化氮(NO)含量检测，以玻片上的细胞进行免疫组化观察。
4．采用灌注消化及贴壁法体外培养大鼠肝细胞，以高脂血清培养基和无菌中药药液培养基进行分组培养，24h后，以含DEPC的多聚甲醛固定，原位杂交法检测肝细胞膜低密度脂蛋白(LDL)受体mRNA的表达。
5．高脂药液灌喂昆明小鼠2周，同时灌喂调肝导浊中药煎剂，实验结束时处死小鼠，酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血中氧化修
饰低密度脂蛋白（0卜m卜）含量：并收集腹腔巨噬细胞（回巾），
Trizol法提取细胞总RNA，以反转录一聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）－。
进行巨噬细胞集落刺激因子：ifs F）IuRNA测定。一
结果
1．在实验性高脂血症大鼠模型中，调肝导浊中药能明显降低 砂
大鼠的胆固醇（Ch）、甘油H酯（TG）、LDL含量，升高高密度脂蛋
白（HDL）及其亚型含量。肝脏病理学改变见中药治疗组肝细胞脂肪
变性仅波及部分肝小叶，病变不超过1／3，偶见有小灶性坏死，少
见纤维组织增生。此外，中药组肝脏匀浆Ch含量低于模型组。
2．在实验性AS家兔模型中，调肝导浊中药能有效降低AI，
抑制AS病变中主动脉SW的增殖，阻止AS斑块的形成。
3．以高脂血清和中药提纯液环境下培养的大鼠主动脉SMC，
结果发现，调肝导浊中药可明显抑制高脂血清培养下SMC的增殖，
其nNA阳性率低于高脂培养组：且中药可增强SMC诱导型一氧化
氮合酶（i NOS）表达，增加细胞培养液中 NO含量；并抑制 SMC原
癌基因。－myc表达和血小板源生长因子（PDGF）A的分泌。
4．体外培养大鼠肝细胞，原位杂交结果显示，高脂血清培养
环境使肝细胞膜LDL受体mRNA的表达降低，而调肝导浊中药提纯
液培养使其表达明显增强。
．
5．在实验性高脂血症小鼠模型中，以ELISA测定小鼠血清
OX－LDL含量，中药组明显低于高脂组。提取的小鼠腹腔 H中，RT－PCR
结果显示高脂组M－CSF mRNA表达较正常组高度增强，而中药组其 匀
表达较高脂组降低，但高于正常组。
结论 调肝导浊中药可有效地对AS发生和形成的关键因素
！皿
——脂蛋白代谢及SMC增殖起到良好调控作用，从而阻止AS的发
生发展。
Objective: To observe the effect of liver-regulating and
turbid-removing prescription on lipid in blood and pathological changes of liver and aorta of experimental hyperlipemia model of rat and experimental atherosclerotic model of rabbit, study the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS) and the mechanism of Chinese herbs on regulating lipid metabolism and preventing or curing AS.
Method:
1. Hyperlipemia model of rat was established by having been fed heavy dosage of cholesterol for two months. The Chinese herbs and the controlled drug were given according to grouping in the course of feeding. After experiment ended, put the object to death and sampled the liver and blood.
2. Atherosclerotic model of rabbit was established by having been fed heavy dosage of cholesterol for three months. The Chinese herbs and the controlled drug were given according to grouping in the course of feeding. After experiment ended, put the object to death and sampled the aorta and blood.
3. Aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) were cultured in vitro and done in groups with different culture medium-the serum containing high concentration of cholesterol and the sterilized Chinese herbs extract. In order to study the regulative action of Chinese herbs on cell proliferation, indices in growth factor, oncogene and messenger
system were assayed by using the immunohistochemical method.
4. The hepatocytes of rat were cultured in vitro in different groups by adding the sterilized Chinese herbs extract into the culture medium and the serum containing high concentration of cholesteral. 24 hours later, the cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde containing DEPC and the analysis was made on the mRNA expression of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor with hybridization in situ.
5. The mice had been fed by heavy dosage of cholesterol for two weeks, and the Chinese herbs were given in the course of feeding. After experiment ended, put the object to death and sampled the blood and collected the macrophages (MO) in the abdominal cavity. The content of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OX-LDL) in blood was assayed with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The total RNA of MO was extracted by trizol method, and the mRNA expression was analyzed upon macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results:
1. The contents of cholesterol(Ch), triglyceride(TG), LDL in blood of Chinese herbs group decreased more significantly than those of the model group and the content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in blood of Chinese herbs group increased more significantly than that of the model group. The pathological changes of liver showed that the Chinese herbs could obviously reduce fatty degeneration of hepatocyte.
2. In the experimental atherosclerotic model of rabbit, the Chinese herbs could effectively inhibit the proliferation of cells and prevent the formation of AS plaque.
3. The Chinese herbs could inhibit proliferation of SMC cultured in vitro by inducing the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and producing nitric oxide (NO). It was also observed that the platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A) and oncogene c-myc expression of SMC in the Chinese herbs group were significantly inhibited.
4. The results of hybridization in situ showed that the serum containing high concentration of cholesteral might cause the mRNA expression of LDL receptor in the hepatocyte membrane to decrease. Compared with the controlled and model group, the mRNA expression of LDL receptor in the Chinese herbs group could be obviously strenghthened.
5. In compassion with the controlled group, the contents of OX-LDL in blood of the model group rised. RT-PCR result showed that the mRNA expression of M-CSF of the model group was highly more reinforced than that of the controlled group. While in the Chinese herbs group, there was only a slight oxidatively modified reaction and moderate enhancement of mRNA expression of M-CSF.
Conclusion: The Liver-regulat
方法
1．高胆固醇饮食饲喂SD大鼠2个月，造成高脂血症模型，并在给药组中按照成人剂量20倍同时给调肝导浊中药煎剂，以洛伐他汀作为对照，实验结束时处死动物检测血脂，并观察肝脏病理变化。
2．高胆固醇饮食饲喂日本大耳白家兔3个月，造成AS模型，并在给药组中按照成人剂量10倍同时给调肝导浊中药制剂，以洛伐汀作为对照，实验结束时处死动物，检测动脉硬化指数(AI)，观察主动脉病理改变。
3．采用组织块贴壁法体外培养大鼠主动脉平滑肌细胞(SMC)，以高脂血清培养基和无菌中药药液培养基进行分组培养，传至第四代，调整细胞数为1×10~6个／ml培养液，取培养液进行一氧化氮(NO)含量检测，以玻片上的细胞进行免疫组化观察。
4．采用灌注消化及贴壁法体外培养大鼠肝细胞，以高脂血清培养基和无菌中药药液培养基进行分组培养，24h后，以含DEPC的多聚甲醛固定，原位杂交法检测肝细胞膜低密度脂蛋白(LDL)受体mRNA的表达。
5．高脂药液灌喂昆明小鼠2周，同时灌喂调肝导浊中药煎剂，实验结束时处死小鼠，酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血中氧化修
饰低密度脂蛋白（0卜m卜）含量：并收集腹腔巨噬细胞（回巾），
Trizol法提取细胞总RNA，以反转录一聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）－。
进行巨噬细胞集落刺激因子：ifs F）IuRNA测定。一
结果
1．在实验性高脂血症大鼠模型中，调肝导浊中药能明显降低 砂
大鼠的胆固醇（Ch）、甘油H酯（TG）、LDL含量，升高高密度脂蛋
白（HDL）及其亚型含量。肝脏病理学改变见中药治疗组肝细胞脂肪
变性仅波及部分肝小叶，病变不超过1／3，偶见有小灶性坏死，少
见纤维组织增生。此外，中药组肝脏匀浆Ch含量低于模型组。
2．在实验性AS家兔模型中，调肝导浊中药能有效降低AI，
抑制AS病变中主动脉SW的增殖，阻止AS斑块的形成。
3．以高脂血清和中药提纯液环境下培养的大鼠主动脉SMC，
结果发现，调肝导浊中药可明显抑制高脂血清培养下SMC的增殖，
其nNA阳性率低于高脂培养组：且中药可增强SMC诱导型一氧化
氮合酶（i NOS）表达，增加细胞培养液中 NO含量；并抑制 SMC原
癌基因。－myc表达和血小板源生长因子（PDGF）A的分泌。
4．体外培养大鼠肝细胞，原位杂交结果显示，高脂血清培养
环境使肝细胞膜LDL受体mRNA的表达降低，而调肝导浊中药提纯
液培养使其表达明显增强。
．
5．在实验性高脂血症小鼠模型中，以ELISA测定小鼠血清
OX－LDL含量，中药组明显低于高脂组。提取的小鼠腹腔 H中，RT－PCR
结果显示高脂组M－CSF mRNA表达较正常组高度增强，而中药组其 匀
表达较高脂组降低，但高于正常组。
结论 调肝导浊中药可有效地对AS发生和形成的关键因素
！皿
——脂蛋白代谢及SMC增殖起到良好调控作用，从而阻止AS的发
生发展。
Objective: To observe the effect of liver-regulating and
turbid-removing prescription on lipid in blood and pathological changes of liver and aorta of experimental hyperlipemia model of rat and experimental atherosclerotic model of rabbit, study the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS) and the mechanism of Chinese herbs on regulating lipid metabolism and preventing or curing AS.
Method:
1. Hyperlipemia model of rat was established by having been fed heavy dosage of cholesterol for two months. The Chinese herbs and the controlled drug were given according to grouping in the course of feeding. After experiment ended, put the object to death and sampled the liver and blood.
2. Atherosclerotic model of rabbit was established by having been fed heavy dosage of cholesterol for three months. The Chinese herbs and the controlled drug were given according to grouping in the course of feeding. After experiment ended, put the object to death and sampled the aorta and blood.
3. Aortic smooth muscle cells (SMC) were cultured in vitro and done in groups with different culture medium-the serum containing high concentration of cholesterol and the sterilized Chinese herbs extract. In order to study the regulative action of Chinese herbs on cell proliferation, indices in growth factor, oncogene and messenger
system were assayed by using the immunohistochemical method.
4. The hepatocytes of rat were cultured in vitro in different groups by adding the sterilized Chinese herbs extract into the culture medium and the serum containing high concentration of cholesteral. 24 hours later, the cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde containing DEPC and the analysis was made on the mRNA expression of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor with hybridization in situ.
5. The mice had been fed by heavy dosage of cholesterol for two weeks, and the Chinese herbs were given in the course of feeding. After experiment ended, put the object to death and sampled the blood and collected the macrophages (MO) in the abdominal cavity. The content of oxidized low density lipoprotein (OX-LDL) in blood was assayed with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The total RNA of MO was extracted by trizol method, and the mRNA expression was analyzed upon macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) by means of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results:
1. The contents of cholesterol(Ch), triglyceride(TG), LDL in blood of Chinese herbs group decreased more significantly than those of the model group and the content of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in blood of Chinese herbs group increased more significantly than that of the model group. The pathological changes of liver showed that the Chinese herbs could obviously reduce fatty degeneration of hepatocyte.
2. In the experimental atherosclerotic model of rabbit, the Chinese herbs could effectively inhibit the proliferation of cells and prevent the formation of AS plaque.
3. The Chinese herbs could inhibit proliferation of SMC cultured in vitro by inducing the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and producing nitric oxide (NO). It was also observed that the platelet-derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A) and oncogene c-myc expression of SMC in the Chinese herbs group were significantly inhibited.
4. The results of hybridization in situ showed that the serum containing high concentration of cholesteral might cause the mRNA expression of LDL receptor in the hepatocyte membrane to decrease. Compared with the controlled and model group, the mRNA expression of LDL receptor in the Chinese herbs group could be obviously strenghthened.
5. In compassion with the controlled group, the contents of OX-LDL in blood of the model group rised. RT-PCR result showed that the mRNA expression of M-CSF of the model group was highly more reinforced than that of the controlled group. While in the Chinese herbs group, there was only a slight oxidatively modified reaction and moderate enhancement of mRNA expression of M-CSF.
Conclusion: The Liver-regulat
引文
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