论新时期政府职能转变
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摘要
政府职能是国家行政机关根据经济建设和社会发展的需要，在行使行政权力的过程中所承担的职责和功能。转变政府职能是以行政权力为基础的政府职责、功能的变化、转换与发展，它意味着政府行政权力的变化，行政管理方式的转变以及政府行政能力和行政效率的提高。转变政府职能是机构改革的重点，其宗旨是使政府的经济管理职能从过去直接管理企业，真正转变到制订和执行宏观调控政策，搞好基础设施，创造良好的经济发展环境上来，以适应社会主义市场经济的要求与发展。
政府作为中国市场化改革的发起者和实施者，其管理体制在整个国内体制中居中心地位，而政府管理体制中的关键因素是政府职能问题，这一问题在入世之后而更加突出。加入WTO已经有几年，全球经济给政府职能带来越来越深的影响。政府职能将如何转变是亟需回答的重大问题。随着我国政府机构改革的不断深入发展，在政府职能转变过程中，我国已经逐步解决了一批部门之间职能交叉、重复问题，政府职能转变有了良好的开端，但政府职能仍然有诸多方面不能适应和满足新时期社会主义市场经济发展的客观要求。
本文运用马克思主义管理学、行政学、经济学、法学等学科的基本原理对新时期政府职能转变的相关理论进行了阐释。提出了新时期政府职能转变过程当中所面临的诸多突出问题，并根据相关理论及新时期的特殊历史背景确立了政府职能转变的目标及原则，给出了政府职能的最终定位，最后尝试着提出了政府职能转变的途径和措施。希望通过分析这些问题，明确人们的思想意识、推进当前政府机构改革、真正实现新时期政府职能的有效转变。
Government function is the needs that national executive authority develops according to economic construction and society, is exercising administrative right. The duty that undertaken in course and function. Change government function is so as administrative right is basic government duty, Development, conversion and the change of function, it signifies the change of government administrative right and the change of administration way .As well as the raising of government administrative ability and administrative efficiency. Change government function is the key, its purpose of structural reorganization. It is to make the economic management function of government change really from the past direct management enterprise of" grandmother " when enterprise work out and carry out macro-control policy , better infrastructure , create the good environment of economic growth to come up, so as is suitable should development and the requirement of socialist market economy.
Government is Chinese market melt reform initiate with enforcement, its management system is in entire domestic system. The position of moral nature, and the crucial factor in government management system is government function problem, this problem in enter lifetime. It is rear and more outstanding. Have had few years by addition of WTO , is global and economic to bring more and more deep shadow to government function. Government function will how to change is the significant problem that need to reply. Along with the government of our country structural reorganization unceasing ,Thorough development is in government function change course , our country have already solved a batch of department step by step between function deliver justice , Repetitive problem and government function change to have got good beginning: But government function still has many aspect that can not suit with satisfy new period the objective requirement of the development of socialist market economy.
This paper utilizes politics , management,economics and laws to study , the subjects such as economy and law reason fall knowledge for new period government. Related theory of function change is explained , have suggested that new period is been faced with among government function change course. Is many
to stress problem , and have established government function change according to the special historical background of related theoretical and new period. Goal and principle have given government the last location of function, try finally and have put forward government function change channel. Develop train of thought. Hope to analysis these problems, the ideology of definite people carries government organization forward. Reform realize new period really the effective change of government function.
政府作为中国市场化改革的发起者和实施者，其管理体制在整个国内体制中居中心地位，而政府管理体制中的关键因素是政府职能问题，这一问题在入世之后而更加突出。加入WTO已经有几年，全球经济给政府职能带来越来越深的影响。政府职能将如何转变是亟需回答的重大问题。随着我国政府机构改革的不断深入发展，在政府职能转变过程中，我国已经逐步解决了一批部门之间职能交叉、重复问题，政府职能转变有了良好的开端，但政府职能仍然有诸多方面不能适应和满足新时期社会主义市场经济发展的客观要求。
本文运用马克思主义管理学、行政学、经济学、法学等学科的基本原理对新时期政府职能转变的相关理论进行了阐释。提出了新时期政府职能转变过程当中所面临的诸多突出问题，并根据相关理论及新时期的特殊历史背景确立了政府职能转变的目标及原则，给出了政府职能的最终定位，最后尝试着提出了政府职能转变的途径和措施。希望通过分析这些问题，明确人们的思想意识、推进当前政府机构改革、真正实现新时期政府职能的有效转变。
Government function is the needs that national executive authority develops according to economic construction and society, is exercising administrative right. The duty that undertaken in course and function. Change government function is so as administrative right is basic government duty, Development, conversion and the change of function, it signifies the change of government administrative right and the change of administration way .As well as the raising of government administrative ability and administrative efficiency. Change government function is the key, its purpose of structural reorganization. It is to make the economic management function of government change really from the past direct management enterprise of" grandmother " when enterprise work out and carry out macro-control policy , better infrastructure , create the good environment of economic growth to come up, so as is suitable should development and the requirement of socialist market economy.
Government is Chinese market melt reform initiate with enforcement, its management system is in entire domestic system. The position of moral nature, and the crucial factor in government management system is government function problem, this problem in enter lifetime. It is rear and more outstanding. Have had few years by addition of WTO , is global and economic to bring more and more deep shadow to government function. Government function will how to change is the significant problem that need to reply. Along with the government of our country structural reorganization unceasing ,Thorough development is in government function change course , our country have already solved a batch of department step by step between function deliver justice , Repetitive problem and government function change to have got good beginning: But government function still has many aspect that can not suit with satisfy new period the objective requirement of the development of socialist market economy.
This paper utilizes politics , management,economics and laws to study , the subjects such as economy and law reason fall knowledge for new period government. Related theory of function change is explained , have suggested that new period is been faced with among government function change course. Is many
to stress problem , and have established government function change according to the special historical background of related theoretical and new period. Goal and principle have given government the last location of function, try finally and have put forward government function change channel. Develop train of thought. Hope to analysis these problems, the ideology of definite people carries government organization forward. Reform realize new period really the effective change of government function.
引文
[1] 郭小聪：《政府经济职能与宏观管理》，中山大学出版社1999年版。
[2] 张康之：《行政审批制度改革》，《政府从管制走向服务》，四川人民出版社2003年版。
[3] 邓生庆、吴军：《公共行政学》，四川人民出版社2000年版。
[4] 陈庆云：《公共政策分析》，中国经济出版社1996年版。
[5] 刘明波：《国外行政监察理论与实践》，山东人民出版社1990年版。
[6] 王惠岩：《政治学原理》，高等教育出版社1991年版。
[7] 周三多：《管理学原理与方法》，复旦大学出版社1993年版。
[8] 王连昌：《行政法学》，中国政法大学出版社1997年版。
[9] 尤光付：《行政监督理论与方式》，华中师范大学出版社1997年版。
[10] 马怀平：《监督学概论》，中国财经出版社1990年版。
[11] 黄百炼：《遏制腐败：民主监督的程序与制度研究》，人民出版社1997年版。
[12] 刘东汶：《中国公共行政学》，中国人民大学出版社2003年版。
[13] 郭济：《行政哲学导论》，黑龙江人民出版社2003年版。
[14] 于新恒：《深化行政管理体制改革的战略思考》，长白学刊2003年3月版。
[15] 鲁显坤：《转变政府职能深化管理体制》，贵阳市委党校学报2003年1月版。
[16] 刘素梅：《试论行政管理的现代化》，江苏教育学院学报2002年6月版。
[2] 张康之：《行政审批制度改革》，《政府从管制走向服务》，四川人民出版社2003年版。
[3] 邓生庆、吴军：《公共行政学》，四川人民出版社2000年版。
[4] 陈庆云：《公共政策分析》，中国经济出版社1996年版。
[5] 刘明波：《国外行政监察理论与实践》，山东人民出版社1990年版。
[6] 王惠岩：《政治学原理》，高等教育出版社1991年版。
[7] 周三多：《管理学原理与方法》，复旦大学出版社1993年版。
[8] 王连昌：《行政法学》，中国政法大学出版社1997年版。
[9] 尤光付：《行政监督理论与方式》，华中师范大学出版社1997年版。
[10] 马怀平：《监督学概论》，中国财经出版社1990年版。
[11] 黄百炼：《遏制腐败：民主监督的程序与制度研究》，人民出版社1997年版。
[12] 刘东汶：《中国公共行政学》，中国人民大学出版社2003年版。
[13] 郭济：《行政哲学导论》，黑龙江人民出版社2003年版。
[14] 于新恒：《深化行政管理体制改革的战略思考》，长白学刊2003年3月版。
[15] 鲁显坤：《转变政府职能深化管理体制》，贵阳市委党校学报2003年1月版。
[16] 刘素梅：《试论行政管理的现代化》，江苏教育学院学报2002年6月版。