NGW型行星齿轮减速机构设计自动化系统研究
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摘要
行星齿轮传动具有传动比范围大、结构紧凑、体积和质量小、效率普遍较高、噪音低以及运转平稳等优点,被广泛应用于起重、矿山、工程机械、船舶、航空、以及国防工业等部门作为减速、变速或增速齿轮传动装置。但其设计计算繁琐,类型系列较多,为了提高设计效率,减少设计失误,满足CAD/CAE/CAM集成的需要,对行星传动装置进行模块化、系列化、参数化设计的研究就具有重要的现实意义。
采用面向对象的开发工具VisualBasic6.0对三维软件SolidWorks进行二次开发,借助关系型数据库管理软件Microsoft Access对设计参数、设计结果、模型参数进行数据管理,将NGW型行星减速机构设计计算及强度校核、关键零部件系列化、参数化建模集成系统,并做成与SolidWorks集成的插件形式。主要完成了以下工作：
1、在对NGW型渐开线行星齿轮传动的设计理论进行研究的基础上,采用VisualBasic6.0和Microsoft Access数据库为开发工具,实现NGW型渐开线行星齿轮减速机构设计计算、强度校核和结构参数设计程序化；通过用户交互的设计流程,输入功率、转速、总传动比、预计寿命、传动效率等初始参数,系统便可得出推荐的传动级数、传动比分配、齿数分配、齿轮几何参数计算及强度校核结果、以及零件的结构参数等。
2、对NGW型行星减速机构的关键零部件参数化建模方法进行研究,利用三维设计软件SolidWorks强大的参数化建模功能和其提供的大量二次开发接口函数,实现了基于特征的关键零部件三维模型的参数化建模。通过尺寸驱动参数化方法、或者尺寸驱动与程序驱动组合的参数化方法,实现只需改变零件主要参数即可完成模型尺寸的更新,生成设计人员所设计的新三维模型；生成行星减速机构快速且定位准确的装配部件参数化模型,并进行运动仿真和干涉检查,及时反馈设计结果的优劣情况,为改进设计结果提供参考意见。
3、采用DLL(Dynamic Link Libarary)的开发模式对SolidWorks进行二次开发,将行星减速机构设计自动化系统做成SolidWorks的插件模式,实现了系统与SolidWorks的无缝集成,解决设计计算结果和三维建模数据相互脱离的问题。
建立的NGW型行星齿轮减速机构设计自动化系统能够快速设计出产品,减少重复繁琐的计算和建模工作,显著提高了设计效率和设计可靠性,大大缩短了设计周期,也可为其他系列化产品的开发提供参考。
Planetary gear transmission has several advantages, such as large scope of transmission ratio, compact structure, small volume and quality, generally high efficiency, low noise and stable operation, etc. It was widely used in lifting, mining, construction machinery, shipbuilding, aerospace and defense industry sector as the deceleration, speed change or speed-up gear transmission. But there have many types of planetary gear transmission, and the design calculations are complicated, so in order to improve the design efficiency, reduce design errors, and meet the needs of the CAD/CAE/CAM integrated, it have important practical significance to do the researches on modulation design, seriation design, parametric design studies for planetary transmission.
The secondary development of three-dimensional software SolidWorks by using VisualBasic6.0 which is an object-oriented developing tool, with the combination of database of Microsoft Access 2003 RDBMS on the storage and management of design parameters, design results, the model parameters. Combine the calculating method of design, the checking of contact strength, and the parametric modeling of series key components of NGW planetary reducer to be a system, make integration with the SolidWorks as plug-in unit. The main research work is as follows:
1.Study the design theory of NGW type involute planetary gear transmission, achieve rountinization of design calculations, strength checking and structural parameters design of NGW type planetary gear reducing mechanism based on Microsoft Access 2003 database and VisualBasic6.0 as development tool; Through user interaction design process, system offer recommended transmission series, transmission ratio distribution, distribution of teeth, gear geometry and strength check calculation results, and parts of the structure parameters, after input the initial parameters such as power, speed, the total transmission ratio, life expectancy, transmission efficiency etc.
2. Study the parametrization modeling method of NGW type planetary gear reducing mechanism's essential spare part, achieve the feature-based parametric modeling of key components by using application programming interface (API) of the computer-aided design (CAD) software SolidWorks, which provides parametric modeling function. Model the new three 3D model which the production designers design by only changing the components main parameter to renew the model size, through parameter driving parametric method, or parameter driving and program driving combination's parametric method; Modeling position accurate assembly parts parametric model of planetary gear reducing mechanism, timely feedback strengths and weaknesses of the design results, provide a reference advice for improving the design results.
3. Redeveloping Dynamic Link Libarary (DLL) file of SolidWorks, Makes planetary gear reducing mechanism automated design system as SolidWorks plug-in unit. The DLL realizes the seamless integration with SolidWorks, which can solve the problem of design calculations and three-dimensional modeling data from mutual.
NGW planetary gear reducing mechanism automated design system enables users to quickly interactive design environment, reducing of duplication of tedious calculations and modeling, significantly improves design efficiency and reliability, significantly reducing design cycle.
采用面向对象的开发工具VisualBasic6.0对三维软件SolidWorks进行二次开发,借助关系型数据库管理软件Microsoft Access对设计参数、设计结果、模型参数进行数据管理,将NGW型行星减速机构设计计算及强度校核、关键零部件系列化、参数化建模集成系统,并做成与SolidWorks集成的插件形式。主要完成了以下工作：
1、在对NGW型渐开线行星齿轮传动的设计理论进行研究的基础上,采用VisualBasic6.0和Microsoft Access数据库为开发工具,实现NGW型渐开线行星齿轮减速机构设计计算、强度校核和结构参数设计程序化；通过用户交互的设计流程,输入功率、转速、总传动比、预计寿命、传动效率等初始参数,系统便可得出推荐的传动级数、传动比分配、齿数分配、齿轮几何参数计算及强度校核结果、以及零件的结构参数等。
2、对NGW型行星减速机构的关键零部件参数化建模方法进行研究,利用三维设计软件SolidWorks强大的参数化建模功能和其提供的大量二次开发接口函数,实现了基于特征的关键零部件三维模型的参数化建模。通过尺寸驱动参数化方法、或者尺寸驱动与程序驱动组合的参数化方法,实现只需改变零件主要参数即可完成模型尺寸的更新,生成设计人员所设计的新三维模型；生成行星减速机构快速且定位准确的装配部件参数化模型,并进行运动仿真和干涉检查,及时反馈设计结果的优劣情况,为改进设计结果提供参考意见。
3、采用DLL(Dynamic Link Libarary)的开发模式对SolidWorks进行二次开发,将行星减速机构设计自动化系统做成SolidWorks的插件模式,实现了系统与SolidWorks的无缝集成,解决设计计算结果和三维建模数据相互脱离的问题。
建立的NGW型行星齿轮减速机构设计自动化系统能够快速设计出产品,减少重复繁琐的计算和建模工作,显著提高了设计效率和设计可靠性,大大缩短了设计周期,也可为其他系列化产品的开发提供参考。
Planetary gear transmission has several advantages, such as large scope of transmission ratio, compact structure, small volume and quality, generally high efficiency, low noise and stable operation, etc. It was widely used in lifting, mining, construction machinery, shipbuilding, aerospace and defense industry sector as the deceleration, speed change or speed-up gear transmission. But there have many types of planetary gear transmission, and the design calculations are complicated, so in order to improve the design efficiency, reduce design errors, and meet the needs of the CAD/CAE/CAM integrated, it have important practical significance to do the researches on modulation design, seriation design, parametric design studies for planetary transmission.
The secondary development of three-dimensional software SolidWorks by using VisualBasic6.0 which is an object-oriented developing tool, with the combination of database of Microsoft Access 2003 RDBMS on the storage and management of design parameters, design results, the model parameters. Combine the calculating method of design, the checking of contact strength, and the parametric modeling of series key components of NGW planetary reducer to be a system, make integration with the SolidWorks as plug-in unit. The main research work is as follows:
1.Study the design theory of NGW type involute planetary gear transmission, achieve rountinization of design calculations, strength checking and structural parameters design of NGW type planetary gear reducing mechanism based on Microsoft Access 2003 database and VisualBasic6.0 as development tool; Through user interaction design process, system offer recommended transmission series, transmission ratio distribution, distribution of teeth, gear geometry and strength check calculation results, and parts of the structure parameters, after input the initial parameters such as power, speed, the total transmission ratio, life expectancy, transmission efficiency etc.
2. Study the parametrization modeling method of NGW type planetary gear reducing mechanism's essential spare part, achieve the feature-based parametric modeling of key components by using application programming interface (API) of the computer-aided design (CAD) software SolidWorks, which provides parametric modeling function. Model the new three 3D model which the production designers design by only changing the components main parameter to renew the model size, through parameter driving parametric method, or parameter driving and program driving combination's parametric method; Modeling position accurate assembly parts parametric model of planetary gear reducing mechanism, timely feedback strengths and weaknesses of the design results, provide a reference advice for improving the design results.
3. Redeveloping Dynamic Link Libarary (DLL) file of SolidWorks, Makes planetary gear reducing mechanism automated design system as SolidWorks plug-in unit. The DLL realizes the seamless integration with SolidWorks, which can solve the problem of design calculations and three-dimensional modeling data from mutual.
NGW planetary gear reducing mechanism automated design system enables users to quickly interactive design environment, reducing of duplication of tedious calculations and modeling, significantly improves design efficiency and reliability, significantly reducing design cycle.
引文
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[2]JB/T6502-93,NGW行星齿轮减速器[S]
[3]M.M.Baysal,U.Roy,R.Sudarsan,R.D.Siram,K.W.Lyons.The Open Assembly Model for the Exchange of Assembly and Tolerance Information:Overview and Example[J]. Proceedings of the 2004 ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences& Computers and Information in Engineering Conference.2004:1-13
[4]韩翔.基于UG的2K_H行星减速器计算机辅助设计[D].成都：西南交通大学.2004
[5]全美娟.行星传动设计计算和三维建模系统的研究[D].山西太原：太原理工大学.2005
[6]陈世刚.基于Pro_E的渐开线行星齿轮减速器三维参数化CAD系统[D].大连：大连交通大学.2005
[7]陈云.大功率矿用行星减速器优化设计及三维特征建模的研究[D].辽宁：辽宁工程技术大学.2006
[8]玉荣.潜油行星齿轮减速器的系列化设计方法研究[D].沈阳：沈阳工业大学.2009
[9]曹艳丽,NGW_S型行星齿轮减速器CAD系统参数化设计的研究[D].辽宁：辽宁工程技术大学.2005
[10]张芳.浅谈计算机辅助制造及CAD/CAM的一体化[J].内蒙古科技与经济.2008.155(1)：50-54
[11]陆云峰.国内机械制造业中CAD/CAM技术的应用[J].应用能源技术.2009.5：48-50
[12]国内外优秀齿轮设计开发软件介绍[DB/CD]北京：中国机械CAD论坛,2008
[13]梅黎锦CAD/CAM技术在我国的发展和应用现状[J].制造业信息化.2009.3：75-76
[14]岳海云.试论CAD/CAM一体化技术[J].信息技术.2010.39(5)：19-20
[15]高慧CAD/CAM技术及应用对我国机械制造业的影响[J].机械管理开发.2007,97(4)：73-75
[16]陈建军.国产大功率行星齿轮减速器通过鉴定[J].机械制造：2006(7)：11
[17]Valilai OF, Houshmand M. INFELT STEP:An integrated and interoperable platform for collaborative CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC machining systems based on STEP standard[J].INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER INTEGRATED MANUFACTURING.2010.23(12):1095-1117
[18]Mathew A, Rao CSP. A CAD system for extraction of mating features in an assembly[J]. ASSEMBLY AUTOMATION.2011.30(2):142-146
[19]Arnaud Deslandes, Suresnes(FR).System and Method of Computer-Aided Design of a 3D Object Modeled by Geometries[J].United States Patent Application Publication. 2008,(0316204 Al):142-162
[20]Hidenobu SHIIHARA, Yasuhiro Yamashita,Mitsunobu Okano,Takashi Fukuda. Computer Aided Design System[J].2009.17(6):74-84
[21]Keiichi Kusumoto,KeiiChi Konishi,Shuzo Isozumi,Akira Morishita.Planetary Gear Speed Reducer and Machining Method for Planetary Gear Supporting Pin for the Same[J].United States Patent.1997.42-47
[22]Masanori Egawa, Chiry-shi(JP).Reducer with Internally Meshing Planetary Gear Mechanism and Device Incorporating the Recucer[J].United States Patent Application Publication.2006.57(04):159-163
[23]Manabu Tokunaga, Anjo-shi(JP).Automatic Gear Shifting Power Tool[J]. United States Patent Application Publication.2009.5(2):173-178
[24]George B.Baron,Marion,Ohio.Planetary Gear Reducer[J].United States Patent.1969: 68-72
[25]Brian Weinberg,Brookline, MA(US);Constantinos Mavroidis, Arlington, MA(US); John M.Vranish, Crofton,MD(US). Gear Bearing Drive[J]. United States Patent Application Publication.2008.57(08):24-57
[26]曾我悟(日本),常仲明译,李聪慧校.减速装置的技术及产品发展方向[J].机械设计,1996,32(7)：33-38
[27]渐开线行星传动的设计与制造编委会.渐开线行星传动的设计与制造[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2002：5-275
[28]饶振纲.行星齿轮传动设计[M].北京：化学工业出版社,2003：85-200
[29]Parsa S, Bushehrian O. The design and implementation of a framework for automatic modularization of software systems [J]. JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING. 2005.32(1):71-94
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