景观生态学方法在攀枝花市高耗能园区区域环境影响评价中的应用
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摘要
随着现代工业文明的不断发展，人类需求与生态完整性之间的矛盾日益突出，如何更好的判定人类活动对生态环境造成的影响以愈发为人们所关注。作为一门新兴并迅速发展的学科，现代景观生态学的方法和原理正逐步被引入生态环境影响评价等领域。
本文尝试运用景观生态学方法原理，从景观空间结构与稳定性两个方面对攀枝花市高耗能工业园区的生态环境进行评价和预测，并对评价结果用层次分析法进行检验和比较，从而探索景观生态学方法运用在区域环评中的作用和特点，同时对攀枝花市高耗能工业园区景观生态建设提出指导和建议。
通过分析和比较发现：景观生态学方法更关注园区建成前后的生态学细节，研究景观的结构和功能是否匹配，注重内部空间结构分析，园区与外界环境间的物流、能流的交换循环，因而能较准确的反映生态环境的整体性。
在攀枝花市高耗能工业园区的生态环境影响评价上，运用景观生态学方法得出结论：园区建成前后绿地将取代荒草的称为模地，景观的空间结构丰富，恢复能力强，连通性好，抗干扰能力大大提高，生态环境质量由一般上升为良好。
With the constant development of the modern industry civilization, the contradiction between human demand and ecological integrality is outstanding day by day. How to make a better judgment about the influence that the human activity causes to the ecological environment is paying more attention. At a new developing discipline, the methods and principle of landscape ecology is gradually leading into ecological environmental impact appraise etc.
This article is trying to use the ecology methods and principle of the landscape ecology to make evaluation and prediction on ecological environment from tow landscape aspects of in the High-energy-dissipation Park in Panzhihua City. What is more, based on the examination and compare for the appraising results with the analytic approach of the level, this paper is trying to probe the function and characteristic in the regional environment evaluation by using the methods of the landscape ecology. At the same time, putting forward guide and propose for the landscape ecological construction in the High-energy-dissipation Park in Panzhihua City.
The results definitely show: The landscape ecology pays close attention to the ecological problems in the industrial garden around building up, whether the structure and function of landscape are matched and pay attention to inside space structure analysis, material flow and energy circulation between gardens and external, therefore can reflect the entirety of ecological environments accurately.
The achievements of the study are summarized as follows:
The wild grass that will be replaced by the greenery space is called model
ground around the garden builds up. If the space structure of the landscape is abundant, it has high rehabilitation ability, even the general character is good, anti-interference ability improves greatly and ecological environmental quality is generally becomes well.
本文尝试运用景观生态学方法原理，从景观空间结构与稳定性两个方面对攀枝花市高耗能工业园区的生态环境进行评价和预测，并对评价结果用层次分析法进行检验和比较，从而探索景观生态学方法运用在区域环评中的作用和特点，同时对攀枝花市高耗能工业园区景观生态建设提出指导和建议。
通过分析和比较发现：景观生态学方法更关注园区建成前后的生态学细节，研究景观的结构和功能是否匹配，注重内部空间结构分析，园区与外界环境间的物流、能流的交换循环，因而能较准确的反映生态环境的整体性。
在攀枝花市高耗能工业园区的生态环境影响评价上，运用景观生态学方法得出结论：园区建成前后绿地将取代荒草的称为模地，景观的空间结构丰富，恢复能力强，连通性好，抗干扰能力大大提高，生态环境质量由一般上升为良好。
With the constant development of the modern industry civilization, the contradiction between human demand and ecological integrality is outstanding day by day. How to make a better judgment about the influence that the human activity causes to the ecological environment is paying more attention. At a new developing discipline, the methods and principle of landscape ecology is gradually leading into ecological environmental impact appraise etc.
This article is trying to use the ecology methods and principle of the landscape ecology to make evaluation and prediction on ecological environment from tow landscape aspects of in the High-energy-dissipation Park in Panzhihua City. What is more, based on the examination and compare for the appraising results with the analytic approach of the level, this paper is trying to probe the function and characteristic in the regional environment evaluation by using the methods of the landscape ecology. At the same time, putting forward guide and propose for the landscape ecological construction in the High-energy-dissipation Park in Panzhihua City.
The results definitely show: The landscape ecology pays close attention to the ecological problems in the industrial garden around building up, whether the structure and function of landscape are matched and pay attention to inside space structure analysis, material flow and energy circulation between gardens and external, therefore can reflect the entirety of ecological environments accurately.
The achievements of the study are summarized as follows:
The wild grass that will be replaced by the greenery space is called model
ground around the garden builds up. If the space structure of the landscape is abundant, it has high rehabilitation ability, even the general character is good, anti-interference ability improves greatly and ecological environmental quality is generally becomes well.
引文
1、《中国环境影响评价培训教材》 化学工业出版社 2000．1
2、国家环境保护局 《环境影响评价技术导则非污染生态影响》(HJ/T 19—1997)
3、国家环境保护局《非污染生态影响评价技术导则培训教材》 中国环境科学出版社1999
4、许慧，王家骥 《景观生态学的理论和应用》 环境出版社 1993
5、邬建国．景观生态学——概念与理论．生态学杂志，2000，19(1)：42-52
6、邬建国．耗散结构、等级系统理论与生态系统．应用生态学报，1991，2(2)：181-186
7、邬建国．生态学范式变迁综论．生态学报，1996，16(5)：449-460
8、阎传海．淮河下游地区景观生态评价．生态科学，1999，18(2)：46-52
9、宋永昌，戚仁海等．生态城市的指标体系与评价方法．城市环境与城市生态，1999，12(5)：16-19
10、姚建．“温郫都”生态示范区建设战略．城市环境与城市生态，1998，11(2)：38-40
11、吴飚，陈尧华，廖正军．景观生态学在生态环境影响评价中的应用—重庆二郎科技园区生态环境影响探讨．重庆环境科学，2000，22(5)：31-33
12、肖笃宁．论现代景观生态学的形成与发展．地理科学，1999，19(4)
13、《国际景观生态学研究的最新进展——第五届景观生态世界大会介绍》 生态学报1999，18(6)：75-76
14、杨士弘等 《城市生态环境学》 科学出版社 1997
15、马世骏、王如松 社会-经济-自然复合生态系统 生态学报，1984，4((1)：1-9
16、肖笃宁等译 《景观生态》 科学出版社 1990
17、肖笃宁、孙中伟 城市景观格局变化的研究方法及实例 城市环境与城市生态 1990，3(1)：12-16
18、国冬梅 中国可持续发展指标体系的研究进展 上海环境科学 1999，18(1)：8-9
19、Laura R Musacchio, Robent N Loulon. Landscape ecological planning progress for wetland waterfowl and farmland conservation. Landscape And Urban Planning 56(2001): 125-147
20、Pickett, S.T.A and M.L. Cadenasso. Landscape ecology: spatial heterogeneity in ecological systems. Science, 1995,269:331-334
21、Wu, J. et al. Effects of changing spatial scale on the results of statistical analysis with landscape data: A case study. Geographic Information Sciences. 1997, 3: 30-41
22、郑师章等 《普通生态学—原理、方法和应用》 复旦大学出版社1994
2、国家环境保护局 《环境影响评价技术导则非污染生态影响》(HJ/T 19—1997)
3、国家环境保护局《非污染生态影响评价技术导则培训教材》 中国环境科学出版社1999
4、许慧，王家骥 《景观生态学的理论和应用》 环境出版社 1993
5、邬建国．景观生态学——概念与理论．生态学杂志，2000，19(1)：42-52
6、邬建国．耗散结构、等级系统理论与生态系统．应用生态学报，1991，2(2)：181-186
7、邬建国．生态学范式变迁综论．生态学报，1996，16(5)：449-460
8、阎传海．淮河下游地区景观生态评价．生态科学，1999，18(2)：46-52
9、宋永昌，戚仁海等．生态城市的指标体系与评价方法．城市环境与城市生态，1999，12(5)：16-19
10、姚建．“温郫都”生态示范区建设战略．城市环境与城市生态，1998，11(2)：38-40
11、吴飚，陈尧华，廖正军．景观生态学在生态环境影响评价中的应用—重庆二郎科技园区生态环境影响探讨．重庆环境科学，2000，22(5)：31-33
12、肖笃宁．论现代景观生态学的形成与发展．地理科学，1999，19(4)
13、《国际景观生态学研究的最新进展——第五届景观生态世界大会介绍》 生态学报1999，18(6)：75-76
14、杨士弘等 《城市生态环境学》 科学出版社 1997
15、马世骏、王如松 社会-经济-自然复合生态系统 生态学报，1984，4((1)：1-9
16、肖笃宁等译 《景观生态》 科学出版社 1990
17、肖笃宁、孙中伟 城市景观格局变化的研究方法及实例 城市环境与城市生态 1990，3(1)：12-16
18、国冬梅 中国可持续发展指标体系的研究进展 上海环境科学 1999，18(1)：8-9
19、Laura R Musacchio, Robent N Loulon. Landscape ecological planning progress for wetland waterfowl and farmland conservation. Landscape And Urban Planning 56(2001): 125-147
20、Pickett, S.T.A and M.L. Cadenasso. Landscape ecology: spatial heterogeneity in ecological systems. Science, 1995,269:331-334
21、Wu, J. et al. Effects of changing spatial scale on the results of statistical analysis with landscape data: A case study. Geographic Information Sciences. 1997, 3: 30-41
22、郑师章等 《普通生态学—原理、方法和应用》 复旦大学出版社1994