分布式作战体系自同步构建方法研究
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摘要
信息化战场的作战力量与对抗是典型的体系行为,这种敌我双方的体系对抗是信息化战争全新的作战理念和核心作战思想。如何获取信息化战场的体系对抗优势?本文在体系研究现状总结的基础上,以信息化战场体系优势获取为目的,对信息化战场的分布式作战体系进行深入探索,主要工作包括以下四个方面:
1.在建立信息化战场体系对抗概念与含义的基础上,阐述信息化战场体系对抗需要变革传统指挥方式的意义,研究一种以机制替代传统指挥系统与机构职能的指挥样式——自同步作战,实现分布式战场空间的“无缝”协同。对这一新的作战样式,阐述了其运作的基础与条件、运作机理、作战原则以及实施自同步作战的关键与难点。分布式作战体系的研究是实现自同步作战的基础。
2.针对分布式战场空间自同步作战实现的技术要求,提出了分布式作战体系的概念与定义,给出了分布式作战体系构建的要素及其问题的描述,把分布式作战体系构建的要素划分为任务序列关系、任务分配关系、作战单元间的协作关系、作战单元间的指挥决策关系、任务信息流和体系的信息网络结构,并以一次特种作战为例给出了各要素的描述。
3.提出分布式作战体系自同步构建思想:“自项向下”进行体系使命分解与“自底向上”聚合分布环境中的作战资源相结合,进行体系构建的自同步,并给出了自同步行为原则以及自同步构建流程与具体内容,其流程包括从使命目标的分解与任务建模到确定任务序列关系的行动规划、从行动规划方案到任务计划、从任务计划输出至作战单元的协同问题、作战单元的编成问题以及作战单元间的信息计划,分析了构建框架中存在的关键技术问题。
4.分布式作战体系的自同步构建基础和前提是对体系作战使命的分解、作战任务的建模和分布式战场环境中作战资源的集成。分布式环境中作战资源的集成确定作战体系问题的边界。本文提出了作战使命分解原则与方法以及作战任务模型的描述,在分布式环境中作战资源的集成问题上建立了资源集成问题的数学描述和资源集成方法,这一方法包括作战能力类型描述、作战单元模型建立以及作战单元在元任务上有效聚集算法,结合联合作战想定对作战资源的集成方法进行了分析,得出了分布式作战体系在资源集成问题上不同任务选择该方法与权值设置情况的结论。
由于时间和精力有限,本文没有完成一次完全意义上的作战体系构建,只是探索了体系构建的基本思想与原则、构建的主要内容与构建方法,在具体的构建工作上仅深入研究了分布式作战体系构建的基础工作——作战使命的分解与作战资源的集成,以确定体系问题的边界。因此,对本研究工作的完善还需要进一步研究分布式作战体系构建流程的系列内容,包括作战行动的规划问题、任务计划问题(资源的调度问题)、作战单元的协同问题、兵力的编成配置问题以及信息计划问题等。
Force and its confronts in networked battlefield is the classical behavior of systems of system (SoS). The behavior confronts between the two SoSs is all new combat mode and kernel combat idea for information war. How to get the preponderance of SoS confronts in networked battlefield? In this paper, we explored the distributed combat SoS, which is based on summarizing the status quo of research on SoS. And our primary works include the following four aspects.
1. Conception and connotation of SoS confronts is advanced, on which the transformation of conventional command mode is expounded. And a new mechanism and organization function are explored to substitute the conventional command system and carry out seamless cooperating with, which is called as self-synchronizing command. To the self-synchronizing combat, we presented its operating conditions, mechanism, combat principle, the key and difficult problems to carry into execution. The research on distributed combat SoS is the foundation works to put the idea of self-synchronizing combat in practice.
2. Aiming at the technique requirement of implement self-synchronizing in distributed battlefields, the conception and definitions are advanced, and also the elements and problems of SoS constructed is presented. The elements includes sequence relationship among tasks, allocating task to platforms, coordinating among combat units, command and decision among decision-makers, information flow among tasks and the information network to support self-synchronizing. And these elements are characterized through a case of special combat mission.
3. An idea is advanced to implement distributed combat SoS self-synchronizing, that is decomposition mission of distributed combat SoS with the principles of "up-down", assembling combat resource in distributed battlefields with "bottom-up". To put this idea into practice, the behavior principles, workflows and contents of self-synchronizing construction are explored. And the workflows include from mission decomposition and task modeling to planning of course of actions, from plan to task scheduling, from schedule to cooperate with combat units, from force composition to plan of information, with which the key technique existing in the workflows is analyzed.
4. The foundation work of distributed combat SoS self-synchronizing include mission decomposition, task modeling and combat resource composition in distributed battlefields. The composition of combat resource set the edge conditions of combat SoS. In this paper, we presented the principles and methodology of mission decomposition and combat task description. The method is explored to resolve the problems of combat resource composition, which include types of combat capability, models of combat units and algorithms of assembling combat units with tasks. With a case of joint landing mission, the method is analyzed and given some conclusion with different methods of task selection and different weight for combat resource to resolve the problems of combat resource composition.
In fact, we have not presented an whole construction of distributed combat SoS as the case of our limit time and vigor. Our work just limits to the basic thought and principles, primary content and methodology. For the material work to construct distributed combat SoS, we only presented the foundation work of distributed combat SoS self-synchronizing, that is combat mission decomposition and combat units composition to set the boundary of problems of SoS. So there exist lots of work for our future research, which include the problems of planning of course of action, task scheduling, cooperating combat units, optimizing force composition and planning of information.
1.在建立信息化战场体系对抗概念与含义的基础上,阐述信息化战场体系对抗需要变革传统指挥方式的意义,研究一种以机制替代传统指挥系统与机构职能的指挥样式——自同步作战,实现分布式战场空间的“无缝”协同。对这一新的作战样式,阐述了其运作的基础与条件、运作机理、作战原则以及实施自同步作战的关键与难点。分布式作战体系的研究是实现自同步作战的基础。
2.针对分布式战场空间自同步作战实现的技术要求,提出了分布式作战体系的概念与定义,给出了分布式作战体系构建的要素及其问题的描述,把分布式作战体系构建的要素划分为任务序列关系、任务分配关系、作战单元间的协作关系、作战单元间的指挥决策关系、任务信息流和体系的信息网络结构,并以一次特种作战为例给出了各要素的描述。
3.提出分布式作战体系自同步构建思想:“自项向下”进行体系使命分解与“自底向上”聚合分布环境中的作战资源相结合,进行体系构建的自同步,并给出了自同步行为原则以及自同步构建流程与具体内容,其流程包括从使命目标的分解与任务建模到确定任务序列关系的行动规划、从行动规划方案到任务计划、从任务计划输出至作战单元的协同问题、作战单元的编成问题以及作战单元间的信息计划,分析了构建框架中存在的关键技术问题。
4.分布式作战体系的自同步构建基础和前提是对体系作战使命的分解、作战任务的建模和分布式战场环境中作战资源的集成。分布式环境中作战资源的集成确定作战体系问题的边界。本文提出了作战使命分解原则与方法以及作战任务模型的描述,在分布式环境中作战资源的集成问题上建立了资源集成问题的数学描述和资源集成方法,这一方法包括作战能力类型描述、作战单元模型建立以及作战单元在元任务上有效聚集算法,结合联合作战想定对作战资源的集成方法进行了分析,得出了分布式作战体系在资源集成问题上不同任务选择该方法与权值设置情况的结论。
由于时间和精力有限,本文没有完成一次完全意义上的作战体系构建,只是探索了体系构建的基本思想与原则、构建的主要内容与构建方法,在具体的构建工作上仅深入研究了分布式作战体系构建的基础工作——作战使命的分解与作战资源的集成,以确定体系问题的边界。因此,对本研究工作的完善还需要进一步研究分布式作战体系构建流程的系列内容,包括作战行动的规划问题、任务计划问题(资源的调度问题)、作战单元的协同问题、兵力的编成配置问题以及信息计划问题等。
Force and its confronts in networked battlefield is the classical behavior of systems of system (SoS). The behavior confronts between the two SoSs is all new combat mode and kernel combat idea for information war. How to get the preponderance of SoS confronts in networked battlefield? In this paper, we explored the distributed combat SoS, which is based on summarizing the status quo of research on SoS. And our primary works include the following four aspects.
1. Conception and connotation of SoS confronts is advanced, on which the transformation of conventional command mode is expounded. And a new mechanism and organization function are explored to substitute the conventional command system and carry out seamless cooperating with, which is called as self-synchronizing command. To the self-synchronizing combat, we presented its operating conditions, mechanism, combat principle, the key and difficult problems to carry into execution. The research on distributed combat SoS is the foundation works to put the idea of self-synchronizing combat in practice.
2. Aiming at the technique requirement of implement self-synchronizing in distributed battlefields, the conception and definitions are advanced, and also the elements and problems of SoS constructed is presented. The elements includes sequence relationship among tasks, allocating task to platforms, coordinating among combat units, command and decision among decision-makers, information flow among tasks and the information network to support self-synchronizing. And these elements are characterized through a case of special combat mission.
3. An idea is advanced to implement distributed combat SoS self-synchronizing, that is decomposition mission of distributed combat SoS with the principles of "up-down", assembling combat resource in distributed battlefields with "bottom-up". To put this idea into practice, the behavior principles, workflows and contents of self-synchronizing construction are explored. And the workflows include from mission decomposition and task modeling to planning of course of actions, from plan to task scheduling, from schedule to cooperate with combat units, from force composition to plan of information, with which the key technique existing in the workflows is analyzed.
4. The foundation work of distributed combat SoS self-synchronizing include mission decomposition, task modeling and combat resource composition in distributed battlefields. The composition of combat resource set the edge conditions of combat SoS. In this paper, we presented the principles and methodology of mission decomposition and combat task description. The method is explored to resolve the problems of combat resource composition, which include types of combat capability, models of combat units and algorithms of assembling combat units with tasks. With a case of joint landing mission, the method is analyzed and given some conclusion with different methods of task selection and different weight for combat resource to resolve the problems of combat resource composition.
In fact, we have not presented an whole construction of distributed combat SoS as the case of our limit time and vigor. Our work just limits to the basic thought and principles, primary content and methodology. For the material work to construct distributed combat SoS, we only presented the foundation work of distributed combat SoS self-synchronizing, that is combat mission decomposition and combat units composition to set the boundary of problems of SoS. So there exist lots of work for our future research, which include the problems of planning of course of action, task scheduling, cooperating combat units, optimizing force composition and planning of information.
引文
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