基于MDA的仿真模型转换研究与实现
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摘要
分布交互仿真系统技术复杂、开发周期长。如何使仿真技术平台对仿真应用开发人员透明;如何重用已有的仿真实验框架和模型。这是分布交互仿真系统开发亟待解决的两个问题。MDA方法是解决以上两个问题的一种思路和途径。
本文立足于仿真模型转换相关的重要技术MDA和组件开发方法,讨论了MDA的元建模和模型转换技术,分析了现有模型转换方法和工具以及目前MDA方法在分布交互仿真中的应用现状,提出了改进的方向。根据分布交互仿真的应用需求,分析了分布交互仿真中应用MDA模型转换的现实途径,提出了一个基于模型驱动架构(MDA)的分布交互仿真模型转换框架(DSMTF),以此作为仿真模型转换的设计基础,设计了仿真模型转换的元模型、转换规则和转换框架的体系结构,该框架可以通过扩展转换规则库支持不同的仿真标准。以HLA/RTI为例研究了DSMTF中模型转换的方法和步骤,提出了HLA仿真元模型并据此定义了相应的规则库。结合EMP(Eclipse Modeling Project)实现了该框架,通过一个分布交互仿真系统的开发,实现了仿真模型的自动转换,在一个仿真模拟应用开发中获得了成功的应用。
Distributed Interactive Simulation system has a long development cycle and its technology is very complex. The development of this system needs to address two issues, one is how to make the simulation technology platform transparent for the simulation application developers, the other is how to reuse the existing framework and simulation models in different simulation platform. Model Driven Achitecture(MDA) is the way and idea to solve above two issues.
In this paper, based on the simulation model transformation related technology, MDA and Component Based Software Development(CBSD).We focus on the meta modeling and model transformation technology. After the analysis of exsiting model transformation methods and tools, as well as the current research status of MDA approach in the Distributed Interactive Simulation Application, we put foward an improved direction. According to the application requirements of Distributed Interactive Simulation, a realistic way of MDA model transformation in domain of Simulation is set up, a distributed interactive simulation model transformation framework (DSMTF) based on model driven architecture (MDA) is proposed. Take DSMTF as design basis of simulaion model transformation, the meta-model and transformation rule of simulation model, and the achitecture of framework is designed. The framework can be adapted to different simulation standard by replacing the transformation rules. The transformation methods and realization in HLA/RTI of DSMTF is introduced in detail , a design in meta model and model transformation rules of model transformation framework is carried out. We realize this framework combined with EMP(Eclipse Modeling Project). The rules base on proposed meta-model of HLA/RTI are used in the automatic transformation of simulaiton model. The framework is applied successfully in a simulation application development.
本文立足于仿真模型转换相关的重要技术MDA和组件开发方法,讨论了MDA的元建模和模型转换技术,分析了现有模型转换方法和工具以及目前MDA方法在分布交互仿真中的应用现状,提出了改进的方向。根据分布交互仿真的应用需求,分析了分布交互仿真中应用MDA模型转换的现实途径,提出了一个基于模型驱动架构(MDA)的分布交互仿真模型转换框架(DSMTF),以此作为仿真模型转换的设计基础,设计了仿真模型转换的元模型、转换规则和转换框架的体系结构,该框架可以通过扩展转换规则库支持不同的仿真标准。以HLA/RTI为例研究了DSMTF中模型转换的方法和步骤,提出了HLA仿真元模型并据此定义了相应的规则库。结合EMP(Eclipse Modeling Project)实现了该框架,通过一个分布交互仿真系统的开发,实现了仿真模型的自动转换,在一个仿真模拟应用开发中获得了成功的应用。
Distributed Interactive Simulation system has a long development cycle and its technology is very complex. The development of this system needs to address two issues, one is how to make the simulation technology platform transparent for the simulation application developers, the other is how to reuse the existing framework and simulation models in different simulation platform. Model Driven Achitecture(MDA) is the way and idea to solve above two issues.
In this paper, based on the simulation model transformation related technology, MDA and Component Based Software Development(CBSD).We focus on the meta modeling and model transformation technology. After the analysis of exsiting model transformation methods and tools, as well as the current research status of MDA approach in the Distributed Interactive Simulation Application, we put foward an improved direction. According to the application requirements of Distributed Interactive Simulation, a realistic way of MDA model transformation in domain of Simulation is set up, a distributed interactive simulation model transformation framework (DSMTF) based on model driven architecture (MDA) is proposed. Take DSMTF as design basis of simulaion model transformation, the meta-model and transformation rule of simulation model, and the achitecture of framework is designed. The framework can be adapted to different simulation standard by replacing the transformation rules. The transformation methods and realization in HLA/RTI of DSMTF is introduced in detail , a design in meta model and model transformation rules of model transformation framework is carried out. We realize this framework combined with EMP(Eclipse Modeling Project). The rules base on proposed meta-model of HLA/RTI are used in the automatic transformation of simulaiton model. The framework is applied successfully in a simulation application development.
引文
[1]Davids Frankel.应用MDA(鲍志云).北京,人民邮电出版社,2003.
[2]James Rumbaugh,Ivar Jacobson,Grady Booch.The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual Second Edition.Addison-Wesley,2004.
[3]Joaquin Miller, Jishnu Mukerji, etc. MDA Guide Version 1.0.1. OMG Document,2003-6.
[4]贾丽,张和明.面向服务的分布式建模仿真框架研究[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(20):4680-4684.
[5]Unified Modeling Language (UML) Specification Version 2.0,OMG Document,2003.
[6]MOF 2.0 query / views / transformations RFP, OMG document,2002.
[7]刘辉,麻志毅,邵维忠.元建模技术研究进展[J].软件学报,2008,19(6):1317-1327.
[8]OMG,Meta Object Facility (MOF) Core Specification,2006.
[9]AnnekeKleppe,JosWarmer,WimBast.解析MDA(鲍志云).北京,人民邮电出版社,2004.
[10]John D.Poole. Model-Driven Architecture: Vision, Standards and Emerging Technologies. ECOOP,2001-4.
[10]林炜,夏宽理.基于MDA的模型转换方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005-2,80-83.
[11]张德芬,李师贤,古思山.MDA中的模型转换技术综述[J].计算机科学,2006,33(10):228-230.
[12]周颖,郑国梁,李宣东.基于MDA的UML模型转换:从功能模型到实现模型[J].计算机应用与软件,2005,22(11),1-4.
[13]陈翔,王学斌,吴泉源.代码生成技术在MDA中的实现[J].计算机应用研究,2006(1):147-150.
[14]王学斌,吴泉源.模型驱动架构中的模型转换方法[J].计算机工程与科学,2006,28(11):133-135.
[15]OMG,UML2.0 OCL Specification,2003-10.
[16]刘奎.基于模式的PIM到PSM模型变换方法的研究,[硕士学位论文].合肥,合肥工业大学, 2005.
[17]王学斌,王怀民.一种模型转换的编织框架[J].软件学报,2006,17(6):1424-1425.
[18]OMG,MOF QVT Final Adopted Specification,2007-7.
[19]张承龙.在MDA中的模型转换方法研究,[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工程大学,2007.
[20]王学斌.MTF初体验.http://www.blogjava.net/wxb_nudt/archive/2005/04/17/3387.html,2005-4.
[21]王学斌.模型转换语言ATL使用感想. http://www.blogjava.net/wxb_nudt/archive/2005/12/20/24826.html,2005-12.
[22]Peter Herzum,Oliver Sims.基于组件的企业级开发(韩柯).北京,机械工业出版社,2005.
[23]Stephen T.Albin.The Art of Software Architecture Design Methods and Techniques(刘晓霞).北京,机械工业出版社,2004.
[24]康凤举,杨惠珍,高立娥.现代仿真技术与应用第2版.北京,国防工业出版社,2006
[25]龚建兴.HLA联邦成员中模型的重用性研究[J].系统仿真学报,2005,17(11):2652-2655.
[26]冯润明.基于高层体系结构(HLA)的系统建模与仿真研究[博士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2002.
[27]Don Brutzman,Andreas Tolk.JSB Composability and Web ServicesInteroperability via Extensible Modeling&Simulation Framework(XMSF). Model Driven Architecture(MDA), Component Repositories,and Web-based Visualization[EB/OL][2003-09].
[28]冯润明,邱晓刚,黄柯棣.Rational Rose在HLA联邦开发中的应用[J].国防科技大学学报, 2001,23(5):103-107.
[29]尹娟,郝建国,黄柯棣.基于高层体系结构对象模型的联邦成员软件框架自动生成研究与实现[J].系统仿真学报,2002,14(6):718-722.
[30]王学慧,张磊,黄柯棣.联邦成员框架代码的自动生成技术研究[J].计算机仿真, 2005, 22(9):126-129.
[31]陈刚.基于FEDEP的仿真应用自动生成及重用技术研究与实现,[硕士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2005.
[32]韩超,黄健,黄柯棣.利用模型驱动体系架构开发分布仿真系统[J].计算机仿真,2004, 21(7):93-95.
[33]李群,王超.基于MDA的仿真模型开发与集成方法研究[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(2):272-276.
[34]廖虎雄,衡祥安,谭东风.基于MDA的HLA仿真开发方法[J].计算机仿真,2007, 24(6): 99-101.
[35]柏晓莉,柏晓辉.基于模型驱动的HLA建模仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2007,24(6):103-105.
[36]衡祥安.基于MDA的建模与仿真方法研究,[硕士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2006.
[37]Shawn Parr.A Visual Tool to Simplify the Building of Distributed Simulations Using HLA[J].Information&Security,2003,12(2),151-163.
[38]European Space Agency. SMP 2.0 Metamodel[R],October,2005.
[39]刘秀罗,马亚平.MDA与先进分布式仿真技术[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(10):2357-2358.
[40]苏年乐,雷永林,李群等.模型驱动架构在建模仿真中的应用[J].计算机仿真,2007, 24(12):273-277.
[41]雷永林.仿真模型重用理论、方法与异构集成技术研究,[博士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2006.
[42]龚建兴.构建可扩展的HLA联邦成员架构[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(11):3126-3130.
[43]Shawn Parr,RussellKeith-Magee.TheNextStep-Applying the Model Driven Architecture to HLA[J].Proceedings of the 2003 SpringWorkshop,2003.
[44]卿杜政,李伯虎,孙磊.基于组件的一体化建模仿真环境(CISE)研究[J].系统仿真学报, 2008, 20(4):900-904.
[45]贾丽,张和明.基于HLA分布式仿真系统的模型驱动设计方法[J].系统仿真学报,2007, 19(23):5415-5418.
[46]周彦,戴剑伟.HLA仿真程序设计.北京,电子工业出版社,2002.
[47]许晓立.MDA框架及模型转换内涵的研究,[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2007.
[48]常浩浩,覃征.基于EMF和OCL的MDA软件工程方法研究[J].计算机科学,2007,34(1): 268-271.
[49]徐宁.一个支持MDA框架开发的开发环境-SiloMDA的研究[硕士学位论文].上海,复旦大学, 2006.
[50] ATLAS group LINA & INRIA Nantes,ATL User Manual[R],2006.
[51]林新,王行仁.运行时间框架编程接口封装[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(21):4904-4907.
[52]Remko Popma, Azzurri Ltd., remko.popma.Jet Tutorial[R].2004.
[2]James Rumbaugh,Ivar Jacobson,Grady Booch.The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual Second Edition.Addison-Wesley,2004.
[3]Joaquin Miller, Jishnu Mukerji, etc. MDA Guide Version 1.0.1. OMG Document,2003-6.
[4]贾丽,张和明.面向服务的分布式建模仿真框架研究[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(20):4680-4684.
[5]Unified Modeling Language (UML) Specification Version 2.0,OMG Document,2003.
[6]MOF 2.0 query / views / transformations RFP, OMG document,2002.
[7]刘辉,麻志毅,邵维忠.元建模技术研究进展[J].软件学报,2008,19(6):1317-1327.
[8]OMG,Meta Object Facility (MOF) Core Specification,2006.
[9]AnnekeKleppe,JosWarmer,WimBast.解析MDA(鲍志云).北京,人民邮电出版社,2004.
[10]John D.Poole. Model-Driven Architecture: Vision, Standards and Emerging Technologies. ECOOP,2001-4.
[10]林炜,夏宽理.基于MDA的模型转换方法研究[J].计算机工程与应用,2005-2,80-83.
[11]张德芬,李师贤,古思山.MDA中的模型转换技术综述[J].计算机科学,2006,33(10):228-230.
[12]周颖,郑国梁,李宣东.基于MDA的UML模型转换:从功能模型到实现模型[J].计算机应用与软件,2005,22(11),1-4.
[13]陈翔,王学斌,吴泉源.代码生成技术在MDA中的实现[J].计算机应用研究,2006(1):147-150.
[14]王学斌,吴泉源.模型驱动架构中的模型转换方法[J].计算机工程与科学,2006,28(11):133-135.
[15]OMG,UML2.0 OCL Specification,2003-10.
[16]刘奎.基于模式的PIM到PSM模型变换方法的研究,[硕士学位论文].合肥,合肥工业大学, 2005.
[17]王学斌,王怀民.一种模型转换的编织框架[J].软件学报,2006,17(6):1424-1425.
[18]OMG,MOF QVT Final Adopted Specification,2007-7.
[19]张承龙.在MDA中的模型转换方法研究,[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工程大学,2007.
[20]王学斌.MTF初体验.http://www.blogjava.net/wxb_nudt/archive/2005/04/17/3387.html,2005-4.
[21]王学斌.模型转换语言ATL使用感想. http://www.blogjava.net/wxb_nudt/archive/2005/12/20/24826.html,2005-12.
[22]Peter Herzum,Oliver Sims.基于组件的企业级开发(韩柯).北京,机械工业出版社,2005.
[23]Stephen T.Albin.The Art of Software Architecture Design Methods and Techniques(刘晓霞).北京,机械工业出版社,2004.
[24]康凤举,杨惠珍,高立娥.现代仿真技术与应用第2版.北京,国防工业出版社,2006
[25]龚建兴.HLA联邦成员中模型的重用性研究[J].系统仿真学报,2005,17(11):2652-2655.
[26]冯润明.基于高层体系结构(HLA)的系统建模与仿真研究[博士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2002.
[27]Don Brutzman,Andreas Tolk.JSB Composability and Web ServicesInteroperability via Extensible Modeling&Simulation Framework(XMSF). Model Driven Architecture(MDA), Component Repositories,and Web-based Visualization[EB/OL][2003-09].
[28]冯润明,邱晓刚,黄柯棣.Rational Rose在HLA联邦开发中的应用[J].国防科技大学学报, 2001,23(5):103-107.
[29]尹娟,郝建国,黄柯棣.基于高层体系结构对象模型的联邦成员软件框架自动生成研究与实现[J].系统仿真学报,2002,14(6):718-722.
[30]王学慧,张磊,黄柯棣.联邦成员框架代码的自动生成技术研究[J].计算机仿真, 2005, 22(9):126-129.
[31]陈刚.基于FEDEP的仿真应用自动生成及重用技术研究与实现,[硕士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2005.
[32]韩超,黄健,黄柯棣.利用模型驱动体系架构开发分布仿真系统[J].计算机仿真,2004, 21(7):93-95.
[33]李群,王超.基于MDA的仿真模型开发与集成方法研究[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(2):272-276.
[34]廖虎雄,衡祥安,谭东风.基于MDA的HLA仿真开发方法[J].计算机仿真,2007, 24(6): 99-101.
[35]柏晓莉,柏晓辉.基于模型驱动的HLA建模仿真研究[J].计算机仿真,2007,24(6):103-105.
[36]衡祥安.基于MDA的建模与仿真方法研究,[硕士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2006.
[37]Shawn Parr.A Visual Tool to Simplify the Building of Distributed Simulations Using HLA[J].Information&Security,2003,12(2),151-163.
[38]European Space Agency. SMP 2.0 Metamodel[R],October,2005.
[39]刘秀罗,马亚平.MDA与先进分布式仿真技术[J].系统仿真学报,2004,16(10):2357-2358.
[40]苏年乐,雷永林,李群等.模型驱动架构在建模仿真中的应用[J].计算机仿真,2007, 24(12):273-277.
[41]雷永林.仿真模型重用理论、方法与异构集成技术研究,[博士学位论文].长沙,国防科学技术大学,2006.
[42]龚建兴.构建可扩展的HLA联邦成员架构[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(11):3126-3130.
[43]Shawn Parr,RussellKeith-Magee.TheNextStep-Applying the Model Driven Architecture to HLA[J].Proceedings of the 2003 SpringWorkshop,2003.
[44]卿杜政,李伯虎,孙磊.基于组件的一体化建模仿真环境(CISE)研究[J].系统仿真学报, 2008, 20(4):900-904.
[45]贾丽,张和明.基于HLA分布式仿真系统的模型驱动设计方法[J].系统仿真学报,2007, 19(23):5415-5418.
[46]周彦,戴剑伟.HLA仿真程序设计.北京,电子工业出版社,2002.
[47]许晓立.MDA框架及模型转换内涵的研究,[硕士学位论文].南京,南京航空航天大学,2007.
[48]常浩浩,覃征.基于EMF和OCL的MDA软件工程方法研究[J].计算机科学,2007,34(1): 268-271.
[49]徐宁.一个支持MDA框架开发的开发环境-SiloMDA的研究[硕士学位论文].上海,复旦大学, 2006.
[50] ATLAS group LINA & INRIA Nantes,ATL User Manual[R],2006.
[51]林新,王行仁.运行时间框架编程接口封装[J].系统仿真学报,2007,19(21):4904-4907.
[52]Remko Popma, Azzurri Ltd., remko.popma.Jet Tutorial[R].2004.