黄山风景区及周边地区地质灾害特征分析及危险性评估
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摘要
黄山风景区及周边地区的地质灾害不仅给当地居民的生产和生活带来巨大的影响,也给本不发达的地区经济造成巨大的损失,还给该区域得天独厚的旅游资源带来负面意义,论文正是在这种背景下开展研究。首先结合调研成果,认识该区地形地貌以及地层岩性特征;其次阐释了黄山风景区及周边地区滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等地质灾害的发展及发生频率,详细讨论了该地区地质灾害发生的成因和形成条件;接着做出对该地区地质灾害易发区域的危险性评估,并介绍了人类工程活动产生的地质灾害问题以及各种地质灾害如何防治;最后阐释了该区地质旅游资源现状。主要得到以下结论:1.该区地质灾害的发生具有三大规律性,空间分布具有不均匀性;2.黄山风景区及周边地区地质灾害分布规律严格受地层岩性、构造、地形、降雨、人类活动等综合因素的控制。但近些年来,诱发地质灾害的外界因素作用越来越明显,人为因素越来越成为控制地质灾害发生的主要因素。
Geologic disaster of Huangshan Scenic Area and the surrounding areas causes not only the great impact of production and lives to local residents, but also great economic losses to the underdevelop region, or the negative impact to the unique tourism resources. The thesis have researched in this background. First of all, according to the research results, the topographical features and lithologic characteristics of this area have been known. The second, interpreted the development and frequency of landslide, slide, debris flow and other geological disasters in Huangshan Scenic Area and the surrounding areas with a detailed discussion of the causes and formation conditions that the geological disasters in this region occurred. Then to make the risk assessment to the area that in the region of prone to geological disasters, and describes a variety of geological disasters caused by the human engineering activities, and the prevention and controling of geological disasters. Finally, explained the status of geo-tourism resources in this district. Mainly obtained the following conclusions: 1. The spatial distribution of geological disasters have uneven and sub-cluster, 2. The distribution of geological disasters of Huangshan Scenic Area and the surrounding areas have been strictly controled by the combination of factors such as lithology, structure, topography, rainfall and human activities. However, in recent years, the effects of external factors which are the induction of geological disasters have become more and more obvious, human factors that controling geological disasters have increasingly become a major factor in the occurrence.
Geologic disaster of Huangshan Scenic Area and the surrounding areas causes not only the great impact of production and lives to local residents, but also great economic losses to the underdevelop region, or the negative impact to the unique tourism resources. The thesis have researched in this background. First of all, according to the research results, the topographical features and lithologic characteristics of this area have been known. The second, interpreted the development and frequency of landslide, slide, debris flow and other geological disasters in Huangshan Scenic Area and the surrounding areas with a detailed discussion of the causes and formation conditions that the geological disasters in this region occurred. Then to make the risk assessment to the area that in the region of prone to geological disasters, and describes a variety of geological disasters caused by the human engineering activities, and the prevention and controling of geological disasters. Finally, explained the status of geo-tourism resources in this district. Mainly obtained the following conclusions: 1. The spatial distribution of geological disasters have uneven and sub-cluster, 2. The distribution of geological disasters of Huangshan Scenic Area and the surrounding areas have been strictly controled by the combination of factors such as lithology, structure, topography, rainfall and human activities. However, in recent years, the effects of external factors which are the induction of geological disasters have become more and more obvious, human factors that controling geological disasters have increasingly become a major factor in the occurrence.
引文
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[2]申家莲,张兵.黄山市地质灾害的特征分析及预报.安徽农业科学,2004,32(6):1225-1226.
[3]孙凤贤.皖南山地灾害的组合形式及相关对策.中国地质灾害与防治学报,1995,6(2):8-15.
[4]汪鹏程等.皖南红层中钻孔灌注桩侧摩阻力试验及数值模拟.西部探矿工程,2008,10:32-34
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[7]谢宇平.第四纪地质学及地貌学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998
[8]朱志澄.构造地质学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1999
[9]袁峰,周涛发等.皖赣相邻区燕山期花岗岩类构造背景及其意义.合肥工业大学学报,2005,28(9):1130-1134
[10] Shi X Z,Yu D S,Yang G X,et al.Cross2reference benchmarks for translating the Genetic Soil Classification of China into the Chinese Soil Taxonomy.Pedosphere,2006,16(2):147～153
[11]史学正,龚子同.我国东南部不同分类系统中土壤类别归属的对比研究.土壤通报,1996,27(3):97-102.
[12]顾也萍,刘付程.安徽南部盆地紫色岩系上土壤的发生特性.地理科学,2004(6):298-303
[13]沈艳杰.安徽省地质灾害分类及统计分析.地质科技情报, 2000,19(2):83-86
[14]孙凤贤等.安徽省黟县“6.21”型泥石流特征及形成机制.中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(4):118-121
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[17]黄润秋,许向宁,唐川,向喜琼.地质环境评价与地质灾害管理.北京:科学出版社,2008
[18]徐其荣,王兰中.公路地质灾害危险性评估及防治对策研究.中国水运,2008,8(6):180-181
[19]罗元华,陈泉希,杨峰等.泥石流堆积的数值模拟方法[M].地球科学,1999年增刊:912-921
[20]闫红霞,苏雅拉巴雅尔,张松林,邬俊义.泥石流的灾害与防治.内蒙古林业调查设计,2005,28(12): 144-149
[21]陈瑞,王士革,盛才余,陈晓清.泥石流防治工程方案优化设计专家系统初步研究.自然灾害学报,1999,8(3):111-116
[22]金凌霄,高文美.浅析泥石流的危害及防治.黄金科学技术,2005,13(2):45- 47
[23]莫继鸿.泥石流防治浅析.农业生态,2004,33(1):49-50
[24]王思敬.论人类工程活动与地质环境的相互作用及其环境效应.地质灾害与环境保护,1997,8(1):19-25
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[27]赵天石.人类工程活动对地质环境的影响和岩土工程问题.辽宁地质,2003,17(1):57-61
[28]张秋云,曾丽漩,卢平,杨桓采.石场大气环境影响评价问题研究.华南师范大学学报,2004,8(3):82-86
[29]陈涛.采石场水土流失防治方法研究.中山大学学报,2001,40(2):89-90
[30]霍建立,赵志军.采石场阶段植被恢复设想.工程技术,2008,11:46
[31]Li H and Kagami H.Groundwater level and chemistry changes resulting from tunnel construction near MatsumotoCity, Japan[J].Environmental Geology,1997,31(12):76-84
[32] Li X Z, Luo G Y. and Jiang H. Urban geoenvironmental variation issues caused by geotechnical engineering disturbances [C].In: Proc. of Int. Symp. High Altitude & Sensitive Ecological Environmental Geotechnology. Nanjing University Press, 2001,23一29
[33] Karlsrud K. Control of water leakage when tunneling under urban areas in the Oslo region, In; Norwegian Tunneling Society(ed).Water control in Norwegian tunneling, 2001
[34] Jiang Z C and Yuan D X. Dynamic features of the epikarst zone and their significance in environments and resources[J].ACTA GEOSCIENTIA SINICA, 1999,20(3);302一308
[35]赵晓豹,李晓昭,李家奇.隧道开挖对表层裂隙岩溶带含水特性的影响.地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(7):1232-1235
[36]高宝玉.太中银铁路吕梁山隧道对水环境影响的探讨.山西水利科技,2008,11(4):68-69
[37]沈振武.山区长大隧道工程的环境问题研究.华东交通大学学报,2003,20(5):35-37
[38]杜榕桓等.云南小江泥石流综合考察与防治规划研究[M].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社,1987
[39]陈廷方,崔鹏.人类活动与泥石流灾害及山区土地砂石化.水土保持研究,2005,12(6):83-86
[40]李烈荣.中国地质遗迹资源及其管理[M].中国大地出版社,2002
[41]SociétéGéologique de France.International declaration of the rights of the memories of the rights of the memories of the Earth[R].Digne,France,1991.
[42]Eder W.Unescogeoparks—A new initiative for protection and sus-tainable development of the Earth′s heritages[J].N.J.B.Geol.Palaont.abh.,1999,214(1/2):353-358.
[43]赵追.九江地质旅游资源特征与可持续发展对策.国土与自然资源研究,2008,3:89-90
[44]穆桂松.河南省地质现象的旅游资源化和效益化过程.河南师范大学学报,2007,35(3):193-195
[45]柏林.安徽国家地质公园主要地质景观和公园建设思考.安徽地质,2003,13(1):74-78
[46]吴跃东,向钒.安徽“两山一湖”地区地质遗迹资源评价.地质通报,2007,26(2):231-240
[2]申家莲,张兵.黄山市地质灾害的特征分析及预报.安徽农业科学,2004,32(6):1225-1226.
[3]孙凤贤.皖南山地灾害的组合形式及相关对策.中国地质灾害与防治学报,1995,6(2):8-15.
[4]汪鹏程等.皖南红层中钻孔灌注桩侧摩阻力试验及数值模拟.西部探矿工程,2008,10:32-34
[5]崔政权,李宁.边坡工程理论与实践最新发展[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999
[6]陈昌富,彭振斌.高陡边坡稳定性分析与计算方法[J].西部探矿工程,1995(7):31-33
[7]谢宇平.第四纪地质学及地貌学[M].北京:地质出版社,1998
[8]朱志澄.构造地质学[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1999
[9]袁峰,周涛发等.皖赣相邻区燕山期花岗岩类构造背景及其意义.合肥工业大学学报,2005,28(9):1130-1134
[10] Shi X Z,Yu D S,Yang G X,et al.Cross2reference benchmarks for translating the Genetic Soil Classification of China into the Chinese Soil Taxonomy.Pedosphere,2006,16(2):147～153
[11]史学正,龚子同.我国东南部不同分类系统中土壤类别归属的对比研究.土壤通报,1996,27(3):97-102.
[12]顾也萍,刘付程.安徽南部盆地紫色岩系上土壤的发生特性.地理科学,2004(6):298-303
[13]沈艳杰.安徽省地质灾害分类及统计分析.地质科技情报, 2000,19(2):83-86
[14]孙凤贤等.安徽省黟县“6.21”型泥石流特征及形成机制.中国地质灾害与防治学报,2003,14(4):118-121
[15]岩土工程手册[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1994
[16]工程地质手册[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1992
[17]黄润秋,许向宁,唐川,向喜琼.地质环境评价与地质灾害管理.北京:科学出版社,2008
[18]徐其荣,王兰中.公路地质灾害危险性评估及防治对策研究.中国水运,2008,8(6):180-181
[19]罗元华,陈泉希,杨峰等.泥石流堆积的数值模拟方法[M].地球科学,1999年增刊:912-921
[20]闫红霞,苏雅拉巴雅尔,张松林,邬俊义.泥石流的灾害与防治.内蒙古林业调查设计,2005,28(12): 144-149
[21]陈瑞,王士革,盛才余,陈晓清.泥石流防治工程方案优化设计专家系统初步研究.自然灾害学报,1999,8(3):111-116
[22]金凌霄,高文美.浅析泥石流的危害及防治.黄金科学技术,2005,13(2):45- 47
[23]莫继鸿.泥石流防治浅析.农业生态,2004,33(1):49-50
[24]王思敬.论人类工程活动与地质环境的相互作用及其环境效应.地质灾害与环境保护,1997,8(1):19-25
[25]贝尔FG.工程地质与岩土工程[M].汪时敏,等译1北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990
[26]杨忠耀.环境水文地质学[M].北京:原子能出版社,1990
[27]赵天石.人类工程活动对地质环境的影响和岩土工程问题.辽宁地质,2003,17(1):57-61
[28]张秋云,曾丽漩,卢平,杨桓采.石场大气环境影响评价问题研究.华南师范大学学报,2004,8(3):82-86
[29]陈涛.采石场水土流失防治方法研究.中山大学学报,2001,40(2):89-90
[30]霍建立,赵志军.采石场阶段植被恢复设想.工程技术,2008,11:46
[31]Li H and Kagami H.Groundwater level and chemistry changes resulting from tunnel construction near MatsumotoCity, Japan[J].Environmental Geology,1997,31(12):76-84
[32] Li X Z, Luo G Y. and Jiang H. Urban geoenvironmental variation issues caused by geotechnical engineering disturbances [C].In: Proc. of Int. Symp. High Altitude & Sensitive Ecological Environmental Geotechnology. Nanjing University Press, 2001,23一29
[33] Karlsrud K. Control of water leakage when tunneling under urban areas in the Oslo region, In; Norwegian Tunneling Society(ed).Water control in Norwegian tunneling, 2001
[34] Jiang Z C and Yuan D X. Dynamic features of the epikarst zone and their significance in environments and resources[J].ACTA GEOSCIENTIA SINICA, 1999,20(3);302一308
[35]赵晓豹,李晓昭,李家奇.隧道开挖对表层裂隙岩溶带含水特性的影响.地下空间与工程学报,2007,3(7):1232-1235
[36]高宝玉.太中银铁路吕梁山隧道对水环境影响的探讨.山西水利科技,2008,11(4):68-69
[37]沈振武.山区长大隧道工程的环境问题研究.华东交通大学学报,2003,20(5):35-37
[38]杜榕桓等.云南小江泥石流综合考察与防治规划研究[M].重庆:科学技术文献出版社重庆分社,1987
[39]陈廷方,崔鹏.人类活动与泥石流灾害及山区土地砂石化.水土保持研究,2005,12(6):83-86
[40]李烈荣.中国地质遗迹资源及其管理[M].中国大地出版社,2002
[41]SociétéGéologique de France.International declaration of the rights of the memories of the rights of the memories of the Earth[R].Digne,France,1991.
[42]Eder W.Unescogeoparks—A new initiative for protection and sus-tainable development of the Earth′s heritages[J].N.J.B.Geol.Palaont.abh.,1999,214(1/2):353-358.
[43]赵追.九江地质旅游资源特征与可持续发展对策.国土与自然资源研究,2008,3:89-90
[44]穆桂松.河南省地质现象的旅游资源化和效益化过程.河南师范大学学报,2007,35(3):193-195
[45]柏林.安徽国家地质公园主要地质景观和公园建设思考.安徽地质,2003,13(1):74-78
[46]吴跃东,向钒.安徽“两山一湖”地区地质遗迹资源评价.地质通报,2007,26(2):231-240