细集料几何特征参数的表征及对沥青混合料性能影响研究
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摘要
细集料作为沥青混凝土的主要组成材料，比例可达40%~50%，其对沥青混凝土的使用性能发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，长期以来，为改善沥青混凝土的性能，各国学者普遍从级配组成和沥青两方面入手，却忽略了细集料自身几何特征对沥青混凝土性能的重要影响，由此导致了现有细集料的几何特征评价手段的合理性不明确以及细集料几何特征对沥青混凝土性能的影响缺乏深入系统的研究。
本文开展了细集料几何特征参数的表征及对沥青混合料性能影响的研究，分析国内外现行细集料几何特征评价方法的合理性与影响因素，建立可准确表征细集料几何特征的评价方法，基于图像处理技术提出适用于表征细集料几何特征的评价指标与相关评价标准；在此基础上，先后分析了细集料几何特征对沥青砂浆粘弹特性及沥青混凝土体积特性、路用性能与力学性能的影响，明确了与细集料几何特征相关的沥青混凝土性能参数。主要研究内容及成果概括如下：
首先，基于目前普遍使用的未压实间隙率试验、流动时间试验和ASTMD3398试验，分析了现有细集料几何特征评价方法对细集料几何特征差异的敏感性，研究了现行细集料几何特征评价方法的合理性及其影响因素，明确了级配组成对现行细集料几何特征评价合理性的影响，在此基础上，运用灰关联方法分析了单一粒径几何特征与细集料(混合材料)几何特征的关联度，提出了基于代表性粒径的细集料几何特征评价方法。
其次，开发了体视显微镜与面光源结合的细集料几何特征采集装置，基于图像处理技术分析了细集料几何特征评价指标的分布规律，在此基础上，采用数理统计方法，开展了细集料几何特征敏感性评价指标的研究，试验结果显示，细集料几何特征的差异主要体现于形状特性和棱角特性两个方面，提出以等效椭圆长短轴比1.30和较小分辨率下的SP值0.82分别作为细集料形状特性与棱角特性的评价指标与评价标准。
随后，基于细集料几何特征的差异，以沥青砂浆粘弹特性为研究对象，依据Burgers模型和CAM改进流变模型先后开展了细集料几何特征对沥青砂浆粘弹参数及宽温度域内粘弹行为影响的研究，分析了沥青砂浆粘弹性能随细集料形状特性及棱角特性的变化规律，阐明了细集料几何特征对沥青砂浆粘弹参数影响研究中的作用。
最后，基于细集料几何特征的差异，开展了细集料几何特征对沥青混凝土性能影响的研究，分析了细集料形状特性与棱角特性对沥青混凝土体积参数、路用性能及力学性能的影响规律，明确了与细集料几何特征相关的沥青混凝土性能参数。
本文在细集料几何特征评价方法、评价指标及细集料几何特征对沥青混凝土性能影响等方面开展了一系列工作，为沥青混凝土的材料设计及评价奠定了基础，并为细集料技术性能评价指标的建立做了有益的探索。
Fine aggregate as a major component of asphalt concrete materials, up to40%to50%, plays a crucial role on the performance of asphalt concrete. However, fora long time, in order to improve the performance of asphalt concrete, researchersfrom various countries generally started with graded composition and asphalt,while neglecting an important impact of fine aggregate geometric characteristics.This results in unclearness of the reasonableness of existing evaluation method tothe fine aggregate geometric characteristics evaluation. The impact fineaggregate geometric characteristics on the performance of asphalt concrete arelittle known.
In this thesis, the existing geometrical evaluation indexes of fine aggregateswere evaluated. Based on the evaluation, a new method which can accuratelycharacterize the geometrical properties of fine aggregates was proposed.Utilizing image processing techniques, the geometrical evaluation indexes of fineaggregates and associated evaluation criteria were recommended. On this basis,this paper analyzed the impact of fine aggregate geometrical properties on theperformance of asphalt mortar and asphalt concrete. And asphalt concreteperformance parameters related to geometrical properties of fine aggregates weremade clearly. The main research contents and achievements are summarized inthe following:
Firstly, based on the existing test methods-uncompact void rate test, theflow time test and ASTM D3398test, the sensitivity of evaluation method to fineaggregate geometrical difference were analyzed. The reasonableness andinfluencing factors of the geometrical evaluation index of fine aggregates werestudied. And the impact of the particle composition and geometricalcharacteristic on evaluation rationality is illustrated. On this basis, the Greyrelational analysis was used to analysis the degree of association betweengeometric properties of single particle size and geometric characteristics of fineaggregate (mixed materials). Then put forward the new evaluation method togeometrical properties of fine aggregates based on the typical part icle size.
Secondly, an acquisition device for geometrical properties of fineaggregates combined stereo microscope with surface light source was developed.To analysis of the distribution of evaluation index of the geometrical propertiesof fine aggregates based on image processing technology. On this basis, by theuse of mathematical statistics, a research on the sensitivity evaluation indicatorsof the fine aggregate geometric characteristics was carried out based on theimage processing technology. The test results show that the difference ofgeometrical properties of fine aggregates is mainly reflected in the shapes andangularity. To put forward taking the equivalent ellipse shaft ratio1.30and SPvalue0.82under smaller resolution as the evaluation indicators and evaluationcriteria of fine aggregate shape characteristics and angular characteristics.
Thirdly, based on the difference of the geometrical properties of the fineaggregates, taking viscoelastic properties of asphalt mortar as study object, aresearch on impact of the asphalt mortar viscoelastic parameters and theviscoelastic behavior in a wide temperature region by the geometrical propertiesof fine aggregates was launched in accordance with the Burgers model and CAMimproved rheological model. To analyze the variation of the viscoelasticproperties of the asphalt mortar as fine aggregate shape characteristics andangular characteristics. To clarify the role of the production process, mineralcomposition and other factors in geometric properties in the study of the impactof asphalt mortar’s viscoelastic parameters.
Finally, a study on the impact of performance of asphalt concrete by thegeometrical properties of the fine aggregate was carried out based on thedifference of the geometrical properties of the fine aggregates. To analyze theinfluence rule of volume parameters of asphalt concrete pavement andmechanical properties by shape characteristic and angular characteristics of fineaggregates. To make clear the performance parameters of asphalt concrete relatedto geometrical properties of fine aggregates.
This thesis carried out a series of work in the evaluation method, evaluationindex of fine aggregate geometrical properties, and the impact of fine aggregategeometric properties on the performance of asphalt concrete. These researcheswill laid the foundation for the design and evaluation of asphalt concrete.
本文开展了细集料几何特征参数的表征及对沥青混合料性能影响的研究，分析国内外现行细集料几何特征评价方法的合理性与影响因素，建立可准确表征细集料几何特征的评价方法，基于图像处理技术提出适用于表征细集料几何特征的评价指标与相关评价标准；在此基础上，先后分析了细集料几何特征对沥青砂浆粘弹特性及沥青混凝土体积特性、路用性能与力学性能的影响，明确了与细集料几何特征相关的沥青混凝土性能参数。主要研究内容及成果概括如下：
首先，基于目前普遍使用的未压实间隙率试验、流动时间试验和ASTMD3398试验，分析了现有细集料几何特征评价方法对细集料几何特征差异的敏感性，研究了现行细集料几何特征评价方法的合理性及其影响因素，明确了级配组成对现行细集料几何特征评价合理性的影响，在此基础上，运用灰关联方法分析了单一粒径几何特征与细集料(混合材料)几何特征的关联度，提出了基于代表性粒径的细集料几何特征评价方法。
其次，开发了体视显微镜与面光源结合的细集料几何特征采集装置，基于图像处理技术分析了细集料几何特征评价指标的分布规律，在此基础上，采用数理统计方法，开展了细集料几何特征敏感性评价指标的研究，试验结果显示，细集料几何特征的差异主要体现于形状特性和棱角特性两个方面，提出以等效椭圆长短轴比1.30和较小分辨率下的SP值0.82分别作为细集料形状特性与棱角特性的评价指标与评价标准。
随后，基于细集料几何特征的差异，以沥青砂浆粘弹特性为研究对象，依据Burgers模型和CAM改进流变模型先后开展了细集料几何特征对沥青砂浆粘弹参数及宽温度域内粘弹行为影响的研究，分析了沥青砂浆粘弹性能随细集料形状特性及棱角特性的变化规律，阐明了细集料几何特征对沥青砂浆粘弹参数影响研究中的作用。
最后，基于细集料几何特征的差异，开展了细集料几何特征对沥青混凝土性能影响的研究，分析了细集料形状特性与棱角特性对沥青混凝土体积参数、路用性能及力学性能的影响规律，明确了与细集料几何特征相关的沥青混凝土性能参数。
本文在细集料几何特征评价方法、评价指标及细集料几何特征对沥青混凝土性能影响等方面开展了一系列工作，为沥青混凝土的材料设计及评价奠定了基础，并为细集料技术性能评价指标的建立做了有益的探索。
Fine aggregate as a major component of asphalt concrete materials, up to40%to50%, plays a crucial role on the performance of asphalt concrete. However, fora long time, in order to improve the performance of asphalt concrete, researchersfrom various countries generally started with graded composition and asphalt,while neglecting an important impact of fine aggregate geometric characteristics.This results in unclearness of the reasonableness of existing evaluation method tothe fine aggregate geometric characteristics evaluation. The impact fineaggregate geometric characteristics on the performance of asphalt concrete arelittle known.
In this thesis, the existing geometrical evaluation indexes of fine aggregateswere evaluated. Based on the evaluation, a new method which can accuratelycharacterize the geometrical properties of fine aggregates was proposed.Utilizing image processing techniques, the geometrical evaluation indexes of fineaggregates and associated evaluation criteria were recommended. On this basis,this paper analyzed the impact of fine aggregate geometrical properties on theperformance of asphalt mortar and asphalt concrete. And asphalt concreteperformance parameters related to geometrical properties of fine aggregates weremade clearly. The main research contents and achievements are summarized inthe following:
Firstly, based on the existing test methods-uncompact void rate test, theflow time test and ASTM D3398test, the sensitivity of evaluation method to fineaggregate geometrical difference were analyzed. The reasonableness andinfluencing factors of the geometrical evaluation index of fine aggregates werestudied. And the impact of the particle composition and geometricalcharacteristic on evaluation rationality is illustrated. On this basis, the Greyrelational analysis was used to analysis the degree of association betweengeometric properties of single particle size and geometric characteristics of fineaggregate (mixed materials). Then put forward the new evaluation method togeometrical properties of fine aggregates based on the typical part icle size.
Secondly, an acquisition device for geometrical properties of fineaggregates combined stereo microscope with surface light source was developed.To analysis of the distribution of evaluation index of the geometrical propertiesof fine aggregates based on image processing technology. On this basis, by theuse of mathematical statistics, a research on the sensitivity evaluation indicatorsof the fine aggregate geometric characteristics was carried out based on theimage processing technology. The test results show that the difference ofgeometrical properties of fine aggregates is mainly reflected in the shapes andangularity. To put forward taking the equivalent ellipse shaft ratio1.30and SPvalue0.82under smaller resolution as the evaluation indicators and evaluationcriteria of fine aggregate shape characteristics and angular characteristics.
Thirdly, based on the difference of the geometrical properties of the fineaggregates, taking viscoelastic properties of asphalt mortar as study object, aresearch on impact of the asphalt mortar viscoelastic parameters and theviscoelastic behavior in a wide temperature region by the geometrical propertiesof fine aggregates was launched in accordance with the Burgers model and CAMimproved rheological model. To analyze the variation of the viscoelasticproperties of the asphalt mortar as fine aggregate shape characteristics andangular characteristics. To clarify the role of the production process, mineralcomposition and other factors in geometric properties in the study of the impactof asphalt mortar’s viscoelastic parameters.
Finally, a study on the impact of performance of asphalt concrete by thegeometrical properties of the fine aggregate was carried out based on thedifference of the geometrical properties of the fine aggregates. To analyze theinfluence rule of volume parameters of asphalt concrete pavement andmechanical properties by shape characteristic and angular characteristics of fineaggregates. To make clear the performance parameters of asphalt concrete relatedto geometrical properties of fine aggregates.
This thesis carried out a series of work in the evaluation method, evaluationindex of fine aggregate geometrical properties, and the impact of fine aggregategeometric properties on the performance of asphalt concrete. These researcheswill laid the foundation for the design and evaluation of asphalt concrete.
引文
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