盐胁迫草坪植物金牌美达丽（Lolium perenne L.）和猎狗（Festuca elata Keng.）响应特征研究
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摘要
本研究以建植草坪植物金牌美达丽和猎狗作为实验材料，利用种子萌发技术、紫外分光光度计测量技术、生物统计方法，从宏观和微观两个水平研究不同盐分对两建坪植物的影响。用不同浓度的Nacl、KCl、MgSO_4和3种盐的复合溶液胁迫金牌美达丽和猎狗种子，观察其发芽率和萌发后幼苗及胚根生长情况，并对其进行阈限分析，结果表明：金牌美达丽和猎狗种子萌发对盐生境的适应性均很强。低浓度NaCl、KCl及复合盐溶液对猎狗种子萌发有促进作用。随盐胁迫强度上升，发芽率呈逐渐下降趋势，高浓度盐明显延缓种子的初始萌发时间，抑制幼苗正常生长。高浓度盐显著降低种子发芽率，但不同盐分对种子发芽率影响不显著。MgSO_4溶液对种子发芽率没有显著抑制现象，但对金牌美达丽胚根生长有明显抑制作用。
研究金牌美达丽和猎狗在盐胁迫下脯氨酸含量(Pro)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化，结果表明：不同盐分、不同浓度胁迫下脯氨酸含量呈波动式变化，其峰值基本出现在较高浓度下，说明在一定范围内盐胁迫强度越大脯氨酸的积累越明显；SOD的最高值基本出现在低浓度下，而最低值无此特点，不同盐胁迫下的最高值、最低值相差不多，说明金牌美达丽和猎狗相差不明显；POD活性随盐浓度增加呈波动性变化，金牌美达丽(除KCl)和猎狗(除MgSO_4)最高值均出现在低浓度下，金牌美达丽的最低值集中在高浓度，而猎狗的最低值则集中在低浓度，猎狗在高浓度胁迫下，处于一个比较稳定的水平，高于或接近CK，且各值比较接近，而在金牌美达丽中却没有这一结果。
In this study, effects of salts stress on two turf grasses -Lolium perenne L (L)and Festuca elata Keng.(F) have been investigated through Seed germination skill, Gauging technology with VISS-7220 and Method of biological statistics.
The turf grasses were treated with different concentration of NaCl, KC1, MgSO4 and the mixture of the three salts above for 15 days. Their relative germination percentage, growth status of their roots and leaves and ecological limit analysis were determined .The results showed that stronger adaptation of L and F to the saline environment were approved. Lower concentrations of NaCl, KC1, MgSO4 and their mixture promote seed germination of F. However germination percentage decreased prominently with increasing of NaCl, KCl and the mixture concentration, different salts affected the seed germination percentage unsignificantiy. Higher concentration of the salts delayed the seed primary germination time and inhibited the seedling normal growth. MgSO4 had no prominent inhabitation to the germination percentage of I and F, but roots growth of L was inhibited significantly.
The content of free proline. SOD and POD activity of two kinds of turf grasses were studied loo. The results showed that the content of free proline waved under different salts and concentrations. The maximum value appeared at higher concentration inferred that the accumulation of proline was dominant with the increase of salt stress in some extend. The maximum value of SOD appeared at lower concentration while the lowest hadn't the characteristic and the difference of SOD activity in L and F is insignificant under different salt stress. POD activity waved with the salt concentration increased and its maximum value appeared at lower concentration under different treatments except KCl (in L) and MgSO4 (in F). POD activity in L concentrated on higher concentration, however that of F concentrated on lower concentration. Stressed under higher concentration , POD in F was kept at a stable level that is higher than CK and every data approach, but there isn't the result in L.
研究金牌美达丽和猎狗在盐胁迫下脯氨酸含量(Pro)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化，结果表明：不同盐分、不同浓度胁迫下脯氨酸含量呈波动式变化，其峰值基本出现在较高浓度下，说明在一定范围内盐胁迫强度越大脯氨酸的积累越明显；SOD的最高值基本出现在低浓度下，而最低值无此特点，不同盐胁迫下的最高值、最低值相差不多，说明金牌美达丽和猎狗相差不明显；POD活性随盐浓度增加呈波动性变化，金牌美达丽(除KCl)和猎狗(除MgSO_4)最高值均出现在低浓度下，金牌美达丽的最低值集中在高浓度，而猎狗的最低值则集中在低浓度，猎狗在高浓度胁迫下，处于一个比较稳定的水平，高于或接近CK，且各值比较接近，而在金牌美达丽中却没有这一结果。
In this study, effects of salts stress on two turf grasses -Lolium perenne L (L)and Festuca elata Keng.(F) have been investigated through Seed germination skill, Gauging technology with VISS-7220 and Method of biological statistics.
The turf grasses were treated with different concentration of NaCl, KC1, MgSO4 and the mixture of the three salts above for 15 days. Their relative germination percentage, growth status of their roots and leaves and ecological limit analysis were determined .The results showed that stronger adaptation of L and F to the saline environment were approved. Lower concentrations of NaCl, KC1, MgSO4 and their mixture promote seed germination of F. However germination percentage decreased prominently with increasing of NaCl, KCl and the mixture concentration, different salts affected the seed germination percentage unsignificantiy. Higher concentration of the salts delayed the seed primary germination time and inhibited the seedling normal growth. MgSO4 had no prominent inhabitation to the germination percentage of I and F, but roots growth of L was inhibited significantly.
The content of free proline. SOD and POD activity of two kinds of turf grasses were studied loo. The results showed that the content of free proline waved under different salts and concentrations. The maximum value appeared at higher concentration inferred that the accumulation of proline was dominant with the increase of salt stress in some extend. The maximum value of SOD appeared at lower concentration while the lowest hadn't the characteristic and the difference of SOD activity in L and F is insignificant under different salt stress. POD activity waved with the salt concentration increased and its maximum value appeared at lower concentration under different treatments except KCl (in L) and MgSO4 (in F). POD activity in L concentrated on higher concentration, however that of F concentrated on lower concentration. Stressed under higher concentration , POD in F was kept at a stable level that is higher than CK and every data approach, but there isn't the result in L.
引文
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2．陈世苹．水分胁迫下内生真菌感染对黑麦草若干生理适应特征的影响．南开大学硕士学位毕业论文，2000
3．刁丰秋，章文华，刘友良．盐胁迫对大麦叶片类囊体膜组成和功能的影响．植物生理学报，1997，23(2)：105-110
4．龚红梅，於丙军，刘友良．脂肪酸对盐胁迫大麦幼苗液泡膜微囊膜脂组分及功能的影响。植物学报，1999，41(4)：414-419
5．龚明，丁念诚，刘友良．ABA对大麦和小麦抗盐性的效应．植物生理学通讯，1990，(3)：14-18
6．谷奉天，高六礼．环渤海盐生牧草类型及其开发利用．草业科学，1991，8(3)：60-65
7．郭房庆，黄昊，汤章城．NaCl胁迫对小麦抗盐突变体根液泡膜H~+-ATP酶和H~+-PP酶活性的影响．植物生理学报，1999，25(4)：395-400
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