铁二院持续发展对策分析
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摘要
勘察设计咨询是工程建设的灵魂。勘察设计咨询企业在基建行业所处的地位，决定了勘察设计咨询企业的持续发展关系到我国基建体制改革的深入、关系到国家基建投资的科学决策和控制，也关系到我国加入WTO后勘察设计咨询企业与国际模式的接轨。因此，工程勘察设计咨询企业走持续发展之路是大势所趋，经过一番阵痛，必将会给我国基本建设战线带来竞争的生机和活力。
本文定义了持续发展的一般意义、企业持续发展的含义及基本特征、勘察设计咨询企业的行业特征、勘察设计咨询企业与一般企业的共同特征，通过对勘察设计咨询企业以及铁二院在加入WTO后所面临的机遇与挑战，勘察设计咨询行业环境、发展趋势以及铁二院持续发展的战略目标，分析铁二院持续发展的支撑力和阻力的分析，并根据国际国内成功与失败企业的启示以及国务院最近批准的《关于中央所属工程勘察设计单位体制改革实施方案》，如何面对国内、外同行业的竞争，适应市场经济环境的变化，实现本企业的持续发展，提出了铁二院持续发展的现代化战略、创新战略、人才战略、联合战略、专业优势战略等实施重点，全面总结了铁二院发展历史和经验。剖析这个案例，对国有勘察设计咨询企业加入WTO后持续发展理论依据和市场运作具有重要的参考价值和现实意义。
通过讨论分析，得出如下结论：资源有效的组合和最佳的使用是可以保持企业长期稳定的发展，企业持续发展与生命周期理论是相关的，并不是矛盾的；在新时期条件下，铁二院如果正确牢牢把握发展是第一要务，走持续发展之路，持续发展虽是一项艰巨而宏大的工程，也能实现持续发展；能不能实现铁二院的持续发展其重要的是全面的实现战略规划，实现战略规划的要点是现代化战略、人才战略、创新战略、联合战略和专业优势战略、创建
西南交通大学硕士研究主学位论文 第2页
特色的企业文化、培育企业核心竞争力；勘察设计咨询企业的发展受国民经
济变化影响较大，与国民经济的发展是息息相关的。铁二院要不断适应市
场经济竞争的需求，依托铁路，向两头延伸，开拓市场，不断调整发展战略，
增强抗风险能力，不断促进铁二院的持续发展。
The consultation of survey and design is a soul of engineering construction. The position of survey and design consultation enterprises in the fields of capital construction has decided the sustainable development, which is related to not only further reform of capital construction system and scientific decision-making and control of capital investment in China but also tie of the survey and design consultation enterprises with international mode after China entering WTO. Therefore, that the survey and design consultation enterprise is marching on the sustainable developing road is the general trend. After some pains, the capital construction fields will be brought into vital force and energy of competition.
This paper defines the general sense and meanings and basic characteristics of sustainable development of enterprises, industry characteristics of the survey and design consultation enterprises, common characteristics between the survey and design consultation enterprises and general enterprises, survey and design consultation enterprise like the Second Survey and Design Institute of China Railways (in short SSDI) facing to opportunities and challenges after entering WTO, and has presented the SSDI' s execution emphasis of such sustainable development stratagems as: modernization, innovation, talent, association and speciality superiority etc. and completely summarized SSDI'S development history and experience through analysis of industry circumstance and development trend of the survey and design consultation enterprises, and Strategic target, support and resistance of sustainable development of SSDI and presented how to face to the competition at home and abroad, adapt the changes of market economic enviro
nment to realize the sustainable development of enterprise itself according to revelations of successful and failing enterprises at home and abroad and "Execution of System Reform of Engineering Survey & Design Unit affiliated with Central Government " approved by the State Council recently. Analysis of this case has an important reference value and realistic significance for theoretical basis and market operation of sustainable development of national
survey and design consultation enterprises after entering WTO.
It has concluded through the a.m. discussion and analysis that the effective combination and optimum utilization of resource can keep the enterprises on with long and steady development. Sustainable development of the enterprises is related with lifecycle theory without contradiction; In the new period, the SSDI can realize the sustainable development if it holds firmly development as the most important task and marches on the sustainable development road, even though sustainable development is a difficult and magnificent engineering,. Whether or not the SSDI"s sustainable development can be realized is complete realization of stratagem plan. The outline of stratagem plan includes modernization stratagem and innovative stratagem, talent stratagem, association stratagem and speciality superiority stratagem, establishment of characteristic enterprise culture and training of core competion force of enterprise. Development of the survey and design consultation enterprises is affected greatly by the changes of na
tional economy and is closely related with the development of national economy. The SSDI should be suit for competition demands of market economy uninterruptedly, extend outside relying on railway, exploit market, adjust development stratagem uninterruptedly, build up unti-risk capability to promote the sustainable development of the SSDI uninterruptedly.
本文定义了持续发展的一般意义、企业持续发展的含义及基本特征、勘察设计咨询企业的行业特征、勘察设计咨询企业与一般企业的共同特征，通过对勘察设计咨询企业以及铁二院在加入WTO后所面临的机遇与挑战，勘察设计咨询行业环境、发展趋势以及铁二院持续发展的战略目标，分析铁二院持续发展的支撑力和阻力的分析，并根据国际国内成功与失败企业的启示以及国务院最近批准的《关于中央所属工程勘察设计单位体制改革实施方案》，如何面对国内、外同行业的竞争，适应市场经济环境的变化，实现本企业的持续发展，提出了铁二院持续发展的现代化战略、创新战略、人才战略、联合战略、专业优势战略等实施重点，全面总结了铁二院发展历史和经验。剖析这个案例，对国有勘察设计咨询企业加入WTO后持续发展理论依据和市场运作具有重要的参考价值和现实意义。
通过讨论分析，得出如下结论：资源有效的组合和最佳的使用是可以保持企业长期稳定的发展，企业持续发展与生命周期理论是相关的，并不是矛盾的；在新时期条件下，铁二院如果正确牢牢把握发展是第一要务，走持续发展之路，持续发展虽是一项艰巨而宏大的工程，也能实现持续发展；能不能实现铁二院的持续发展其重要的是全面的实现战略规划，实现战略规划的要点是现代化战略、人才战略、创新战略、联合战略和专业优势战略、创建
西南交通大学硕士研究主学位论文 第2页
特色的企业文化、培育企业核心竞争力；勘察设计咨询企业的发展受国民经
济变化影响较大，与国民经济的发展是息息相关的。铁二院要不断适应市
场经济竞争的需求，依托铁路，向两头延伸，开拓市场，不断调整发展战略，
增强抗风险能力，不断促进铁二院的持续发展。
The consultation of survey and design is a soul of engineering construction. The position of survey and design consultation enterprises in the fields of capital construction has decided the sustainable development, which is related to not only further reform of capital construction system and scientific decision-making and control of capital investment in China but also tie of the survey and design consultation enterprises with international mode after China entering WTO. Therefore, that the survey and design consultation enterprise is marching on the sustainable developing road is the general trend. After some pains, the capital construction fields will be brought into vital force and energy of competition.
This paper defines the general sense and meanings and basic characteristics of sustainable development of enterprises, industry characteristics of the survey and design consultation enterprises, common characteristics between the survey and design consultation enterprises and general enterprises, survey and design consultation enterprise like the Second Survey and Design Institute of China Railways (in short SSDI) facing to opportunities and challenges after entering WTO, and has presented the SSDI' s execution emphasis of such sustainable development stratagems as: modernization, innovation, talent, association and speciality superiority etc. and completely summarized SSDI'S development history and experience through analysis of industry circumstance and development trend of the survey and design consultation enterprises, and Strategic target, support and resistance of sustainable development of SSDI and presented how to face to the competition at home and abroad, adapt the changes of market economic enviro
nment to realize the sustainable development of enterprise itself according to revelations of successful and failing enterprises at home and abroad and "Execution of System Reform of Engineering Survey & Design Unit affiliated with Central Government " approved by the State Council recently. Analysis of this case has an important reference value and realistic significance for theoretical basis and market operation of sustainable development of national
survey and design consultation enterprises after entering WTO.
It has concluded through the a.m. discussion and analysis that the effective combination and optimum utilization of resource can keep the enterprises on with long and steady development. Sustainable development of the enterprises is related with lifecycle theory without contradiction; In the new period, the SSDI can realize the sustainable development if it holds firmly development as the most important task and marches on the sustainable development road, even though sustainable development is a difficult and magnificent engineering,. Whether or not the SSDI"s sustainable development can be realized is complete realization of stratagem plan. The outline of stratagem plan includes modernization stratagem and innovative stratagem, talent stratagem, association stratagem and speciality superiority stratagem, establishment of characteristic enterprise culture and training of core competion force of enterprise. Development of the survey and design consultation enterprises is affected greatly by the changes of na
tional economy and is closely related with the development of national economy. The SSDI should be suit for competition demands of market economy uninterruptedly, extend outside relying on railway, exploit market, adjust development stratagem uninterruptedly, build up unti-risk capability to promote the sustainable development of the SSDI uninterruptedly.
引文
1、张德，《人力资源开发与管理》，清华大学出版社，1996年
2、王方华、吕巍，《企业战略管理》，复旦大学出版社，1997年
3、袁坤，《哈佛人才管理学》，中国三峡出版社，2000年
4、张坤民，《可持续发展论》，中国环境科学出版社，1997年
5、吴昌元，《中国铁路改革与发展重要文献》，中国铁道出版社，1999．6
6、《参考文选》，中国市场经济决策信息，2003年8期
7、中华人民共和国建设部，《中国勘察设计》，2001年第6、7期
8、杜亮，《企业管理与国际竞争力》，经济日报，2000年
9、光起，《企业如何创新》，经济日报，2000年
10、国务院，《转发建设部等部门关于工程勘察设计单位体制改革中有关问题的通知》，2000年文件
11、国务院办公厅，《关于中央所属勘测设计单位体制改革若干意见》999年
12、李景泰，《市场学》，南开大学出版社，1996年
13、黄速建，《现代企业管理》，经济管理出版社，2002年
14、赖增牧，《长寿企业战略管理》，经理出版社，2002年
15、Bradley, Stephen p., and Richard L. Nolan, eds. Sense and Respond: Capturing Value in the Network Ere. Boston: Harvard Business school Prees, 1998
16、Chandler, A. D., Jr. Strategy and Structure. Cambridge, MA. MIT Press
17、E. T. Penrose: the theory of the Growth of the Firm, Oxford Univ. Press, 1959
18、France Hesselbein, Marchall goldmith, 1997, THE Organization of Future, Jossey_Bass Publishers
19、Ghoshal sumantra and Christopher A. Bartlett, "The individualized corporation", Harper Collins Publishers, 1997
20、Hamel, Gary and Prahalad, C. K. Strategic intent. Harvard business Review, May/June, 1989
21、K. Lancaster, Variety Equity and Efficiency, Columbia University Press, New York, 1997
22、Mintzberg, Henry. The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning. New York: The Free Press and Prentice Hall International, 1994
23、马洪，《什么是社会主义市场经济》中国发展出版社，1993年
24、Russell Ackoff, The Democratic Corporation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994
25、阿里·德赫斯，《长寿公司》，经济日报出版社，1998年
26、颜家瑾，《建立现代企业制度实用指南》，四川科学技术出版社，2001年
27、千高原，《发展方略》，中国纺织出版社，2002年
28、铁道部，《关于部属勘察设计院深化改革的意见》，内部文件
29、铁二院，《关于报送<铁二院深化改革总体规划>的报告》，内部文件
30、铁二院，《铁二院2001-2005年改革发展规划》，内部文件
31、Chandler, Alfred D. Scale and Scope: Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press, 1990
2、王方华、吕巍，《企业战略管理》，复旦大学出版社，1997年
3、袁坤，《哈佛人才管理学》，中国三峡出版社，2000年
4、张坤民，《可持续发展论》，中国环境科学出版社，1997年
5、吴昌元，《中国铁路改革与发展重要文献》，中国铁道出版社，1999．6
6、《参考文选》，中国市场经济决策信息，2003年8期
7、中华人民共和国建设部，《中国勘察设计》，2001年第6、7期
8、杜亮，《企业管理与国际竞争力》，经济日报，2000年
9、光起，《企业如何创新》，经济日报，2000年
10、国务院，《转发建设部等部门关于工程勘察设计单位体制改革中有关问题的通知》，2000年文件
11、国务院办公厅，《关于中央所属勘测设计单位体制改革若干意见》999年
12、李景泰，《市场学》，南开大学出版社，1996年
13、黄速建，《现代企业管理》，经济管理出版社，2002年
14、赖增牧，《长寿企业战略管理》，经理出版社，2002年
15、Bradley, Stephen p., and Richard L. Nolan, eds. Sense and Respond: Capturing Value in the Network Ere. Boston: Harvard Business school Prees, 1998
16、Chandler, A. D., Jr. Strategy and Structure. Cambridge, MA. MIT Press
17、E. T. Penrose: the theory of the Growth of the Firm, Oxford Univ. Press, 1959
18、France Hesselbein, Marchall goldmith, 1997, THE Organization of Future, Jossey_Bass Publishers
19、Ghoshal sumantra and Christopher A. Bartlett, "The individualized corporation", Harper Collins Publishers, 1997
20、Hamel, Gary and Prahalad, C. K. Strategic intent. Harvard business Review, May/June, 1989
21、K. Lancaster, Variety Equity and Efficiency, Columbia University Press, New York, 1997
22、Mintzberg, Henry. The Rise and Fall of Strategic Planning. New York: The Free Press and Prentice Hall International, 1994
23、马洪，《什么是社会主义市场经济》中国发展出版社，1993年
24、Russell Ackoff, The Democratic Corporation. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994
25、阿里·德赫斯，《长寿公司》，经济日报出版社，1998年
26、颜家瑾，《建立现代企业制度实用指南》，四川科学技术出版社，2001年
27、千高原，《发展方略》，中国纺织出版社，2002年
28、铁道部，《关于部属勘察设计院深化改革的意见》，内部文件
29、铁二院，《关于报送<铁二院深化改革总体规划>的报告》，内部文件
30、铁二院，《铁二院2001-2005年改革发展规划》，内部文件
31、Chandler, Alfred D. Scale and Scope: Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, Harvard University Press, 1990