麋鹿健康评价体系及保护管理对策的研究
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摘要
麇鹿(Elaphurus davidianus)在分类学上属于哺乳纲(Mammalia),偶蹄目(Artiodactyla),鹿科(Cervidae),糜鹿属(Elaphurus davidianus),是我国特有的鹿科动物,属于国家一级重点保护动物,世界自然保护联盟IUCN红皮书野外灭绝物种,是世界物种重引进项目的成功范例。
本文在麇鹿体重、体尺指标方面,发现相同年龄情况下,各项体重、体尺指标平均值均为雄性高于雌性。后肢长与体重及头长之间相关性显著,与额宽不相关,与胸围、管围、胸宽、胸深之间相关性显著,其余各指标两两间相关性极显著。
在血清白蛋白、球蛋白、总蛋白含量方面,发现这三个指标与年龄均成正相关性,其中血清白蛋白水平与年龄间的相关性最大(r=0.408)。总蛋白含量在幼年组、与青年组、成年组和成年组间都存在显著性差异；白蛋白含量在幼年组与成年组间存在显著性差异；球蛋白含量在幼年组与成年组和老年组间存在显著性差异。
在免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA方面,发现雌性麇鹿的IgG含量均值在各年龄组均高于雄性个体。IgM和IgA之间存在极显著的相关性,各年龄组间的IgG、IgM、IgA含量均没有显著性差异。IgG含量与睾酮含量之间存在着正相关性。
在激素含量方面,发现生长激素含量在1岁与2岁间存在显著性差异,胰岛素各年龄间均不存在显著性差异,甲状腺素含量在1岁与3岁、1岁与7岁、3岁与6岁、6岁与7岁年龄间存在显著性差异。
在肝功能指标方面,发现本文中的三个指标值均为雄性高于雌性,丙氨酸氨基转移酶与门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆汁酸之间存在极显著的相关性,丙氨酸氨基转移酶与体重之间存在极显著的负相关性,胆碱酯酶含量在各年龄段都不存在显著性差异。
在自由基代谢方面,发现雄性个体超氧化物酶(SOD)活性在各年龄段的活性均高于雌性。雄性丙二醛(MDA)含量均值比雌性增加了2.37%。不同性别间超氧化物酶(SOD)存在显著性差异(p<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)不存在显著性差异。
Pere David's deer is a species of peer only found in China, belongs to Genus Elaphurus, Family Alcesalces, Order Artiodactyla, and class Mammalia. It is listed as Class I (Equivalent to Endangered) species under state protection in China and "Extinct in the Wild" in the IUCN Red List.
In this study, based on physical measurement and detection of immune, endocrine, hormone, liver function and free radical metabolism, the animal health evaluation system was explored and established in Beijing Milu Park. Results were as follows:
First, at the aspect of body weight and body size. In the case of the same age, all indicators are larger in male group than that of female. By correlation analysis, hind limb length was shown significantly correlated with body weight and head length, not with forehead width, and correlated with chest circumference, circumference, chest width, chest deep. Other parameters significantly correlated with each other.
Second, at the aspect of serum albumin, globulin, total protein content. Shows that these three indicators are all positively correlated with age, serum albumin level and age have the biggest correlation (r=0.408). Total protein content of young groups is significantly different with youth groups, adult and old groups.The content of albumin of young group is significantly different with adult group, and globulin content of young significantly different with adult and old groups.
Third, at the aspect of immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, IgA, The mean IgG levels of female elk in each age group were higher than males. Levels of IgM and IgA significantly correlated. IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were not significantly different among all age groups. IgG concentration has positive correlation with testosterone level.
Fourth, at the aspect of hormone. There were significant differences in growth hormone content between the 1 year old and 2 years groups. As to thyroxin content between the 1 year old and 3 years,1 year old and 7years,3years and 6years,6 years and 7 years groups were significant differences. As to insulin content, no significant differences was found among all age groups.
Fifth, at the aspect of indicators of liver function. Values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bile acid and cholinesterase are higher in male than female. There are significant correlation betweent alanine aminotransferase and aspartate ammonia aminotransferase and total bile acid. Alanine aminotransferase has significantly negative correlation with the body weight. There are no significant differences in cholinesterase levels among all age groups.
Sixth, at the aspect of free radical. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in male were higher than female. Activities of malondialdehyde (MDA) in male were higher 2.37% than female. After significant difference analysis on free radical metabolism, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found to be significantly different between male and female, but malondialdehyde (MDA) was not.
本文在麇鹿体重、体尺指标方面,发现相同年龄情况下,各项体重、体尺指标平均值均为雄性高于雌性。后肢长与体重及头长之间相关性显著,与额宽不相关,与胸围、管围、胸宽、胸深之间相关性显著,其余各指标两两间相关性极显著。
在血清白蛋白、球蛋白、总蛋白含量方面,发现这三个指标与年龄均成正相关性,其中血清白蛋白水平与年龄间的相关性最大(r=0.408)。总蛋白含量在幼年组、与青年组、成年组和成年组间都存在显著性差异；白蛋白含量在幼年组与成年组间存在显著性差异；球蛋白含量在幼年组与成年组和老年组间存在显著性差异。
在免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA方面,发现雌性麇鹿的IgG含量均值在各年龄组均高于雄性个体。IgM和IgA之间存在极显著的相关性,各年龄组间的IgG、IgM、IgA含量均没有显著性差异。IgG含量与睾酮含量之间存在着正相关性。
在激素含量方面,发现生长激素含量在1岁与2岁间存在显著性差异,胰岛素各年龄间均不存在显著性差异,甲状腺素含量在1岁与3岁、1岁与7岁、3岁与6岁、6岁与7岁年龄间存在显著性差异。
在肝功能指标方面,发现本文中的三个指标值均为雄性高于雌性,丙氨酸氨基转移酶与门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、总胆汁酸之间存在极显著的相关性,丙氨酸氨基转移酶与体重之间存在极显著的负相关性,胆碱酯酶含量在各年龄段都不存在显著性差异。
在自由基代谢方面,发现雄性个体超氧化物酶(SOD)活性在各年龄段的活性均高于雌性。雄性丙二醛(MDA)含量均值比雌性增加了2.37%。不同性别间超氧化物酶(SOD)存在显著性差异(p<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)不存在显著性差异。
Pere David's deer is a species of peer only found in China, belongs to Genus Elaphurus, Family Alcesalces, Order Artiodactyla, and class Mammalia. It is listed as Class I (Equivalent to Endangered) species under state protection in China and "Extinct in the Wild" in the IUCN Red List.
In this study, based on physical measurement and detection of immune, endocrine, hormone, liver function and free radical metabolism, the animal health evaluation system was explored and established in Beijing Milu Park. Results were as follows:
First, at the aspect of body weight and body size. In the case of the same age, all indicators are larger in male group than that of female. By correlation analysis, hind limb length was shown significantly correlated with body weight and head length, not with forehead width, and correlated with chest circumference, circumference, chest width, chest deep. Other parameters significantly correlated with each other.
Second, at the aspect of serum albumin, globulin, total protein content. Shows that these three indicators are all positively correlated with age, serum albumin level and age have the biggest correlation (r=0.408). Total protein content of young groups is significantly different with youth groups, adult and old groups.The content of albumin of young group is significantly different with adult group, and globulin content of young significantly different with adult and old groups.
Third, at the aspect of immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, IgA, The mean IgG levels of female elk in each age group were higher than males. Levels of IgM and IgA significantly correlated. IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were not significantly different among all age groups. IgG concentration has positive correlation with testosterone level.
Fourth, at the aspect of hormone. There were significant differences in growth hormone content between the 1 year old and 2 years groups. As to thyroxin content between the 1 year old and 3 years,1 year old and 7years,3years and 6years,6 years and 7 years groups were significant differences. As to insulin content, no significant differences was found among all age groups.
Fifth, at the aspect of indicators of liver function. Values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bile acid and cholinesterase are higher in male than female. There are significant correlation betweent alanine aminotransferase and aspartate ammonia aminotransferase and total bile acid. Alanine aminotransferase has significantly negative correlation with the body weight. There are no significant differences in cholinesterase levels among all age groups.
Sixth, at the aspect of free radical. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in male were higher than female. Activities of malondialdehyde (MDA) in male were higher 2.37% than female. After significant difference analysis on free radical metabolism, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found to be significantly different between male and female, but malondialdehyde (MDA) was not.
引文
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