S专科医院护士工作满意度调查研究
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摘要
近年来,随着医疗卫生改革的不断深入,开展优质护理,提高护理质量成为医院的重点工作。要提高护理质量离不开高技术高素质的护理人才。如何提高护理管理的效能是目前管理者所关注的。护士工作满意度的高低体现着医院现行管理系统的运行状况。
本次研究运用自制量表对S专科医院62名护士进行问卷调查,将数据录入数据库,用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。统计结果表明S专科医院护士工作满意度总体较高。护士工作满意度量表各项目得分情况可了解,护士对工作最满意的是同事关系,其次是排班模式,然后在自觉对病人的服务得到肯定、标准化工作流程等方面都感到满意。最不满意的报酬与工作不成正比,其次是医院福利,特别是房屋公积金的问题以及值班加班补贴问题都感觉不满。在工作本身的因子下,学历的不同,婚姻状况不同,满意度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。相对而言,已婚的满意度比未婚的低。
因此,S专科医院护士工作满意度总体水平较高；但仍然存在很多问题。提示护理管理者应加强关注。从S专科医院的管理实际出发,提出了以人为本,统一思想的管理思路。建议医院管理者应重点通过统一思想；完善内部制度；优化分配制度；充分发挥精神激励作用；制定终生教育激励机制等方式对护士进行激励,完善护理人力资源管理模式,提高护士工作满意度、增强他们的责任感,从而使医院护理质量得到进一步提升,满足病人需求。
In recent years, with deepening of the reform in health system, high-quality nursing service is being required. Hospitals need the nursing personnel with high-tech and high-quality. Hospital administrators should pay more attention on how to improve the effectiveness of management. The level of job satisfaction of nurses embodies the current situation of the hospital's management.
This research takes use of methods like literature review, questionnaire survey, and face to face interview and analyzes the data by SPSS17.0. The result shows that nurses in S Specialist Hospital have a higher satisfaction in this job position. The factors they were most satisfied are colleagues and shift schedule. They also satisfied to the positive feedback from patients and work progress. The most unsatisfied factors are regarding about salary, overtime allowance, and benefit as well as housing public accumulation fund. And different educational level impacts on job satisfaction, and subjects married have lower job satisfaction than those were single.
Therefore, the decision maker should pay more attention on the inspiration of nurses with senior experience, high education level and those married(P<0.05). Based on currently situation, the management idea of people-oriented and unity in thinking has been put out. We give the suggestions to the hospital managers as follows:To seek unity in thinking; improve the internal rules and regulations; optimize the distribution system; play full role of the mental stimulation; set up a system for lifelong education. It helps to improve the quality of nursing management and meet the needs of patients.
本次研究运用自制量表对S专科医院62名护士进行问卷调查,将数据录入数据库,用SPSS17.0进行统计分析。统计结果表明S专科医院护士工作满意度总体较高。护士工作满意度量表各项目得分情况可了解,护士对工作最满意的是同事关系,其次是排班模式,然后在自觉对病人的服务得到肯定、标准化工作流程等方面都感到满意。最不满意的报酬与工作不成正比,其次是医院福利,特别是房屋公积金的问题以及值班加班补贴问题都感觉不满。在工作本身的因子下,学历的不同,婚姻状况不同,满意度存在显著差异(P<0.05)。相对而言,已婚的满意度比未婚的低。
因此,S专科医院护士工作满意度总体水平较高；但仍然存在很多问题。提示护理管理者应加强关注。从S专科医院的管理实际出发,提出了以人为本,统一思想的管理思路。建议医院管理者应重点通过统一思想；完善内部制度；优化分配制度；充分发挥精神激励作用；制定终生教育激励机制等方式对护士进行激励,完善护理人力资源管理模式,提高护士工作满意度、增强他们的责任感,从而使医院护理质量得到进一步提升,满足病人需求。
In recent years, with deepening of the reform in health system, high-quality nursing service is being required. Hospitals need the nursing personnel with high-tech and high-quality. Hospital administrators should pay more attention on how to improve the effectiveness of management. The level of job satisfaction of nurses embodies the current situation of the hospital's management.
This research takes use of methods like literature review, questionnaire survey, and face to face interview and analyzes the data by SPSS17.0. The result shows that nurses in S Specialist Hospital have a higher satisfaction in this job position. The factors they were most satisfied are colleagues and shift schedule. They also satisfied to the positive feedback from patients and work progress. The most unsatisfied factors are regarding about salary, overtime allowance, and benefit as well as housing public accumulation fund. And different educational level impacts on job satisfaction, and subjects married have lower job satisfaction than those were single.
Therefore, the decision maker should pay more attention on the inspiration of nurses with senior experience, high education level and those married(P<0.05). Based on currently situation, the management idea of people-oriented and unity in thinking has been put out. We give the suggestions to the hospital managers as follows:To seek unity in thinking; improve the internal rules and regulations; optimize the distribution system; play full role of the mental stimulation; set up a system for lifelong education. It helps to improve the quality of nursing management and meet the needs of patients.
引文
[1]Hoppock R. Job satisfaction New York:Harper & Brothers Publishers,1935
[2]中共中央国务院关于深化医药卫生体制改革的意见[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2009
[3]Cook JD, Hepworth SJ, Wall TD, et al. The experience of work:a compendium of 249 measures and their use[M].London:Academic Press,1981:42-45
[4]Misener TR, Cox DL, Development of the Nurse Practitioner job satisfaction scale[J]. Journal of Nursing Management,2001,9(1):91-108
[5]FlanneryJ, Van-Gaasbeek DE. Factors of job satisfaction of the Psychiatric clinical nurse specialist[J].Nursing Connections,1998,11 (4):29-36
[6]斯蒂芬.P.罗宾斯组织行为学[M]7版.北京：中国人民大学出版社,2002
[7]Chink FoongLoke J. Leadership behaviors:effects on job satisfaction, productivity and organizational commitment [J]. The Journal of Nurse Management,2001,9(4): 191-204
[8]Joiner C,Servellen C.Job enrichment in nursing:A guide to improving morale productivity and retention[J].Rockville:Aspen,1984:123-124
[9]Klinefelter G.Role efficacy and job satisfaction of hospital nurses[J]. Journal of nursing staff development,1993,9:179-181
[10]Aiken Clarke. Nurses'reports on hospital care in five countries[J]. Health Affairs,2001, 20(3):43-53
[11]Pranulis. MF. Renwanz-Boyle A, kontas AS, et al. Identifying nurses vulnerable to role conflict. International Nursing Rieview,1995,42(2):45-50
[12]Finncp. Autonomy:an important component for nurse's job satisfaction[J]. international Journal of Nursing studies,2001,38:349-357
[13]Crout TK, Crout TJ. Care plan for retain the new nurse[J]. Nursing Management,1984, 15(12):30-33
[14]Cesim D. Determining the level of job satisfaction of nurses working at Turkish military forces hospitals[J] Milit Medic,2002,167(5):402-405
[15]Yamashita M. Job satisfaction in Japanese nurses. Journal of advanced nursing,1995, 17:704-705
[16]曹颖,于艳秋.护士工作满意度相关因素分析[J].中华医院管理杂志,2000,16(7)：437-439
[17]唐镠,刘毅,周艳阳.医务人员工作满意度调查[J].中国卫生事业管理,2002,18(2)：108-110
[18]童俐俐,骆宏.医务人员工作满意度研究分析[J].中国医院管理,2003,23(5)：7-8
[19]袁璐,李继平.特需医疗服务机构中护士工作满意度的调查分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2003,19(5)：310-311
[20]尹文强,王克利,傅华.社区卫生服务职工工作满意度与稳定性研究[J].中华医院管理杂志,2003,19(6)：351-355
[21]李晓惠,王剑.深圳社区医务人员工作满意度调查与分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2004,20(10)：632-633
[22]杨佳,常文虎,李军,等.医院员工工作满意度调查研究[J].数理医药学杂志,2006,19(6)：656-658
[23]何淑贞,张宝玲,曲成毅,等.护士工作满意度影响因素的调查分析[J].护理研究,2007,21(6)：1608-1610
[24]Hawley M P. Sources of Stress for Emergency Nurses in Four Urban Canadian Emergency Departments[J], Journal of Emergency Nursing,1992,18(3):211-216.
[25]王建荣,张黎明等,性格特质与职业兴趣对护士工作满意度的影响[J]-中华护理杂志,2004,39(10)：771-773
[26]周荣慧,郭秀花,马岩.北京市综合性医院护士工作满意度及相关因素研究[J].中国护理管理,2007,20(5)：105-106年
[27]杜萍,叶文琴,翁素贞等.上海市护理人员工作满意度现状研究[J].护士进修杂志,200722(17)：1556-1558
[28]Lippincott Williama, Wilkina Inc. Nurse-Physician Relationship.2002,16 (2):142-148
[29]陈长香,吴庆文,李建民,田喜凤.教学医院临床护理人员护理科研现状调查与分析[J].护士进修杂志,2005,20(3)：253-255
[30]王群.临床护士工作满意度的调查分析[J].中华护理杂,2002,37(8)：593-594.
[31]李炳海,刘俊珍.护理人员工作压力与满意度及其影响因素分析[J].卫生软科学,2009,23(3)：34-35
[32]孙月芬,阎丽红,康福霞,等.护士流失的职业心理原因调查分析及对策[J].中华护理杂志,2001,36(2)：92-93
[33]李超平,时勘,罗正学,等.医护人员工作家庭冲突与工作倦怠的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(12)：807-809
[34]文涛,李继平.护理人员工作满意度及影响因素调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2007,22(10)：45-47
[35]建华,朱海英,徐丽华.临床护士工作满意度调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2006,21(3)：46-47
[36]周海燕,常虹,刘丹,郭加佳.护理人员工作满意度与工作家庭冲突的相关性研究[J].解放军护理杂志,2011,28(12A)：5-7
[37]孙宁,芦桂芝,孔繁莹,刘丽丽.全日制本科学历临床护士工作满意度与激励因素的相关性[J].解放军护理杂志,2007,24(11B)：1-4
[38]张培君.现代护理管理学[M].北京：北京大学医学出版社,2005
[39]马来顺.教师工作满意感及教育组织行为学的理论与实践[J].现代教育杂志2003,9(1)：22-25
[40]张勉.企业员工工作满意度决定因素实证研究[J].统计研究2001(8)：33-37
[41]王重鸣.管理心理学[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2002
[42]迟俊涛,娄凤兰,包益平等.公平理论在护理人力资源管理中的应用[J].现代护理2005,11(20)：1743-1744
[43]袁晓晴,周华山.员工满意度影响因素[J].市场与营销,2012,(6)：33-57
[44]Eric SW, Asheley CS. Outcomes of Physician Job Satisfaction:A Narrative Review, Implications, and Directions for Future Research. Health Care Manage Rev.2003,28(2):119-140
[45]韩雪珍.护士长管理技能在护理管理中的表现[J].国际医药卫生导报,2003,9(2)：70
[46]Larrabee J H, Janney M A,Ostmw C L.Regiatered Nurse Job Satisfaction and Intent to Leave. Predicting Registered Nurse Job Satisfaction and Intent to Leave [J]. The Journal of Nursing Administration,2003,35 (5):271-283
[47]马英,陈树文.大连市某医院医务人员工作满意度调查[J].中国医院管理,2005,251(1)；58-59
[48]程海玲,岳莉,李萍.新疆部分医务人员工作满意度调查分析[J].新疆医学,2007, 37(4)：16-20
[49]黎巧玲,李小妹.有关护士工作满意度的研究[J].实用护理杂志,2002,18(8)：52-53
[50]何厚运,周良村.现代人力资源理论研究[M].北京：中国政法大学出版社,2005
[2]中共中央国务院关于深化医药卫生体制改革的意见[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2009
[3]Cook JD, Hepworth SJ, Wall TD, et al. The experience of work:a compendium of 249 measures and their use[M].London:Academic Press,1981:42-45
[4]Misener TR, Cox DL, Development of the Nurse Practitioner job satisfaction scale[J]. Journal of Nursing Management,2001,9(1):91-108
[5]FlanneryJ, Van-Gaasbeek DE. Factors of job satisfaction of the Psychiatric clinical nurse specialist[J].Nursing Connections,1998,11 (4):29-36
[6]斯蒂芬.P.罗宾斯组织行为学[M]7版.北京：中国人民大学出版社,2002
[7]Chink FoongLoke J. Leadership behaviors:effects on job satisfaction, productivity and organizational commitment [J]. The Journal of Nurse Management,2001,9(4): 191-204
[8]Joiner C,Servellen C.Job enrichment in nursing:A guide to improving morale productivity and retention[J].Rockville:Aspen,1984:123-124
[9]Klinefelter G.Role efficacy and job satisfaction of hospital nurses[J]. Journal of nursing staff development,1993,9:179-181
[10]Aiken Clarke. Nurses'reports on hospital care in five countries[J]. Health Affairs,2001, 20(3):43-53
[11]Pranulis. MF. Renwanz-Boyle A, kontas AS, et al. Identifying nurses vulnerable to role conflict. International Nursing Rieview,1995,42(2):45-50
[12]Finncp. Autonomy:an important component for nurse's job satisfaction[J]. international Journal of Nursing studies,2001,38:349-357
[13]Crout TK, Crout TJ. Care plan for retain the new nurse[J]. Nursing Management,1984, 15(12):30-33
[14]Cesim D. Determining the level of job satisfaction of nurses working at Turkish military forces hospitals[J] Milit Medic,2002,167(5):402-405
[15]Yamashita M. Job satisfaction in Japanese nurses. Journal of advanced nursing,1995, 17:704-705
[16]曹颖,于艳秋.护士工作满意度相关因素分析[J].中华医院管理杂志,2000,16(7)：437-439
[17]唐镠,刘毅,周艳阳.医务人员工作满意度调查[J].中国卫生事业管理,2002,18(2)：108-110
[18]童俐俐,骆宏.医务人员工作满意度研究分析[J].中国医院管理,2003,23(5)：7-8
[19]袁璐,李继平.特需医疗服务机构中护士工作满意度的调查分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2003,19(5)：310-311
[20]尹文强,王克利,傅华.社区卫生服务职工工作满意度与稳定性研究[J].中华医院管理杂志,2003,19(6)：351-355
[21]李晓惠,王剑.深圳社区医务人员工作满意度调查与分析[J].中国卫生事业管理,2004,20(10)：632-633
[22]杨佳,常文虎,李军,等.医院员工工作满意度调查研究[J].数理医药学杂志,2006,19(6)：656-658
[23]何淑贞,张宝玲,曲成毅,等.护士工作满意度影响因素的调查分析[J].护理研究,2007,21(6)：1608-1610
[24]Hawley M P. Sources of Stress for Emergency Nurses in Four Urban Canadian Emergency Departments[J], Journal of Emergency Nursing,1992,18(3):211-216.
[25]王建荣,张黎明等,性格特质与职业兴趣对护士工作满意度的影响[J]-中华护理杂志,2004,39(10)：771-773
[26]周荣慧,郭秀花,马岩.北京市综合性医院护士工作满意度及相关因素研究[J].中国护理管理,2007,20(5)：105-106年
[27]杜萍,叶文琴,翁素贞等.上海市护理人员工作满意度现状研究[J].护士进修杂志,200722(17)：1556-1558
[28]Lippincott Williama, Wilkina Inc. Nurse-Physician Relationship.2002,16 (2):142-148
[29]陈长香,吴庆文,李建民,田喜凤.教学医院临床护理人员护理科研现状调查与分析[J].护士进修杂志,2005,20(3)：253-255
[30]王群.临床护士工作满意度的调查分析[J].中华护理杂,2002,37(8)：593-594.
[31]李炳海,刘俊珍.护理人员工作压力与满意度及其影响因素分析[J].卫生软科学,2009,23(3)：34-35
[32]孙月芬,阎丽红,康福霞,等.护士流失的职业心理原因调查分析及对策[J].中华护理杂志,2001,36(2)：92-93
[33]李超平,时勘,罗正学,等.医护人员工作家庭冲突与工作倦怠的关系[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2003,17(12)：807-809
[34]文涛,李继平.护理人员工作满意度及影响因素调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2007,22(10)：45-47
[35]建华,朱海英,徐丽华.临床护士工作满意度调查分析[J].护理学杂志,2006,21(3)：46-47
[36]周海燕,常虹,刘丹,郭加佳.护理人员工作满意度与工作家庭冲突的相关性研究[J].解放军护理杂志,2011,28(12A)：5-7
[37]孙宁,芦桂芝,孔繁莹,刘丽丽.全日制本科学历临床护士工作满意度与激励因素的相关性[J].解放军护理杂志,2007,24(11B)：1-4
[38]张培君.现代护理管理学[M].北京：北京大学医学出版社,2005
[39]马来顺.教师工作满意感及教育组织行为学的理论与实践[J].现代教育杂志2003,9(1)：22-25
[40]张勉.企业员工工作满意度决定因素实证研究[J].统计研究2001(8)：33-37
[41]王重鸣.管理心理学[M].北京：人民教育出版社,2002
[42]迟俊涛,娄凤兰,包益平等.公平理论在护理人力资源管理中的应用[J].现代护理2005,11(20)：1743-1744
[43]袁晓晴,周华山.员工满意度影响因素[J].市场与营销,2012,(6)：33-57
[44]Eric SW, Asheley CS. Outcomes of Physician Job Satisfaction:A Narrative Review, Implications, and Directions for Future Research. Health Care Manage Rev.2003,28(2):119-140
[45]韩雪珍.护士长管理技能在护理管理中的表现[J].国际医药卫生导报,2003,9(2)：70
[46]Larrabee J H, Janney M A,Ostmw C L.Regiatered Nurse Job Satisfaction and Intent to Leave. Predicting Registered Nurse Job Satisfaction and Intent to Leave [J]. The Journal of Nursing Administration,2003,35 (5):271-283
[47]马英,陈树文.大连市某医院医务人员工作满意度调查[J].中国医院管理,2005,251(1)；58-59
[48]程海玲,岳莉,李萍.新疆部分医务人员工作满意度调查分析[J].新疆医学,2007, 37(4)：16-20
[49]黎巧玲,李小妹.有关护士工作满意度的研究[J].实用护理杂志,2002,18(8)：52-53
[50]何厚运,周良村.现代人力资源理论研究[M].北京：中国政法大学出版社,2005