UML模型与企业开发平台Panschema模型的映射研究与实现
摘要
随着社会的发展，计算机技术越来越深入人们生活，使得人们对计算机应用软件的需要在提高，对于软件的质量的要求也逐渐增长。但是应用软件的开发效率却没有跟上这一步伐。这一方面与软件本身的特点有关，当软件的规模越来越大的时候其结构也越来越复杂，更具挑战的是人们对软件的需求也会随开发时间的延长在不断变化。另一方面是因为常用的软件开发技术相对落后，软件开发管理显得困难而复杂。
本文的研究方向是基于MDA模型驱动技术的Panschema开发平台和UML之间的映射关系，在设计思想的基础上，用代码实现了这一思想。同时对于其他的模型也提出了设计思路和实现方法。UML是一种可视化的建模语言，而Panschema是一种基于文本的建模。由于在UML中的建模和Panschema中基于文本的建模存在很大不同，本文要研究的任务既要包括模型的可视化，又要包括UML与Panschema之间的模型映射关系。
本文在深入研究UML模型和Panschema模型的基础上，建立了映射机制，使得Panschema平台能如同UML一样，通过可视化的建模，使仅需掌握基本开发技术的人员就可以操作，从而实现二次开发。具体在以下方面做了深入研究和实现：
第一，在UML可视化建模技术与Panschema建模技术方面，的概念分别进行了描述，并分析了其在各自的特点和不足，为完成这两种模型的映射奠定了理论基础。
第二，Panschema可视化设计。本文中描述了对Panschema平台的基本模型（包括数据、展示、系统构件、业务构件、可执行功能等五种模型）的设计，并对数据模型进行了可视化改造，在设计思路和程序实现上都完成了目标。
第三，对于Panschema中的表单数据和树形数据进行了设计描述，给出了思路。
Extensive and intensive computer applications, the rapid growth of demand and quality of computer software, but the efficiency of software development did not increase growth. This regard with the software itself are particularly relevant when the size of the software is growing, more and more complex structure, it is the demand for software also will be in constant change. The other hand, is commonly used in software development technology is relatively backward, software development management is difficult and complex. The ability of people to develop better quality software is lagging far behind the growing demand of the society on the computer software industry, to better address this issue, to improve the software development technology has become an important research topic in the current society.
In this paper, based software development platform for model‐driven architecture PanSchema visual modeling technology improvements in the Microsoft development environment Visual Stdio in part of a complete development, while other models put forward ideas and thinking, making combination of visual modeling and MDA. In this article, in‐depth study of UML modeling in Panschema makes Panschema platform like UML, through visual modeling, only to master the basic development techniques can operate, in order to achieve the second developed. Specific in‐depth research and in the following areas:
First, in terms of visual modeling and MDA, the concept of visual modeling and MDA were described and analyzed the strengths and weaknesses in their fields, for these two technologies combination laid the theoretical foundation.
LINQ technology, LINQ is short for Language Integrated Query, which is integrated in a feature NET programming language. Has become an integral part of the programming language, programming can be a good compile‐time syntax checking, rich metadata, IntelliSense, static type of the benefits of strongly typed languages. And it also makes the query can easily query the information in memory rather than just an external data source.
Third, the design of the mechanism of PanSchema visual modeling platform, respectively, on PanSchema five types of model data model, display model, the model of system components, business component model and the executable functional model of visual modeling mechanism detailed design, and data model visualization transformation have been completed on the design ideas and procedures to achieve the target.
Source implementation of the data model and display model, system components, such as design ideas, PanSchema visualization modeling platform.
本文的研究方向是基于MDA模型驱动技术的Panschema开发平台和UML之间的映射关系，在设计思想的基础上，用代码实现了这一思想。同时对于其他的模型也提出了设计思路和实现方法。UML是一种可视化的建模语言，而Panschema是一种基于文本的建模。由于在UML中的建模和Panschema中基于文本的建模存在很大不同，本文要研究的任务既要包括模型的可视化，又要包括UML与Panschema之间的模型映射关系。
本文在深入研究UML模型和Panschema模型的基础上，建立了映射机制，使得Panschema平台能如同UML一样，通过可视化的建模，使仅需掌握基本开发技术的人员就可以操作，从而实现二次开发。具体在以下方面做了深入研究和实现：
第一，在UML可视化建模技术与Panschema建模技术方面，的概念分别进行了描述，并分析了其在各自的特点和不足，为完成这两种模型的映射奠定了理论基础。
第二，Panschema可视化设计。本文中描述了对Panschema平台的基本模型（包括数据、展示、系统构件、业务构件、可执行功能等五种模型）的设计，并对数据模型进行了可视化改造，在设计思路和程序实现上都完成了目标。
第三，对于Panschema中的表单数据和树形数据进行了设计描述，给出了思路。
Extensive and intensive computer applications, the rapid growth of demand and quality of computer software, but the efficiency of software development did not increase growth. This regard with the software itself are particularly relevant when the size of the software is growing, more and more complex structure, it is the demand for software also will be in constant change. The other hand, is commonly used in software development technology is relatively backward, software development management is difficult and complex. The ability of people to develop better quality software is lagging far behind the growing demand of the society on the computer software industry, to better address this issue, to improve the software development technology has become an important research topic in the current society.
In this paper, based software development platform for model‐driven architecture PanSchema visual modeling technology improvements in the Microsoft development environment Visual Stdio in part of a complete development, while other models put forward ideas and thinking, making combination of visual modeling and MDA. In this article, in‐depth study of UML modeling in Panschema makes Panschema platform like UML, through visual modeling, only to master the basic development techniques can operate, in order to achieve the second developed. Specific in‐depth research and in the following areas:
First, in terms of visual modeling and MDA, the concept of visual modeling and MDA were described and analyzed the strengths and weaknesses in their fields, for these two technologies combination laid the theoretical foundation.
LINQ technology, LINQ is short for Language Integrated Query, which is integrated in a feature NET programming language. Has become an integral part of the programming language, programming can be a good compile‐time syntax checking, rich metadata, IntelliSense, static type of the benefits of strongly typed languages. And it also makes the query can easily query the information in memory rather than just an external data source.
Third, the design of the mechanism of PanSchema visual modeling platform, respectively, on PanSchema five types of model data model, display model, the model of system components, business component model and the executable functional model of visual modeling mechanism detailed design, and data model visualization transformation have been completed on the design ideas and procedures to achieve the target.
Source implementation of the data model and display model, system components, such as design ideas, PanSchema visualization modeling platform.
引文
[1]张海藩.软件工程导论.北京.清华大学出版社，1995
[2]黄明.梁旭.周丽梅编著.软件工程[M]．机械工业出版社，2003年8月第1版：6‐21
[3] Desmond Souza，Kinetium．Model Driven Architecture and Integration Opportunities and Challenges[EB/OL]．http://www.omg.org/mda，2002
[4] JOHN D.POOLE．Model Driven Architecture：Vision，Standards and Emerging Technologies[EB/OL]．http://www.omg.org/mda，2002
[5] Object Management Group．Unified model language(UML)：Superstructureversion 2．0.OMG Document：formaI/05—07.04.2005.
[6]龚赤兵.visual studio 2008中LINQ开发技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2009
[7]汪成为等.面向对象分析、设计及应用[M].国防工业出版社，1992.
[8] Raistrick C ,Francis P ,Wright J , et al . Model Driven Architec2ture with Executable UML[M] . New York :Cambridge Univer2 sity Press ,2006 :22‐23.
[9] Thomas J.Mcwbray.What OO architecture benefits are you missing,Object Magazine,5(7)1995
[10]毛新生．SOA原理、方法和实践［M］．北京：电子工业出版社，2007．
[11] The Raise Method Group,George C.et al,The Raise Development Method.TERMA Elecktronik AS,Denmark,1999
[12]段有胜．UML_PanSchema可视化建模研究[D]．山东师范大学，2010年6月：7‐8
[13] Borutzky W1 Bond graph modeling from an object oriented modeling point of view [J ]1 Simulation Practice and Theory , 1999 , 7 (5P6) : 439‐461G regory
[14] G Nordst rom. M etam ode ling–Rap id D es ign and Evolut ion of D om ain‐Sp ec ific M od eling E nv ironm en ts[ D] . PhD. thes is, Vanderb ilt Un ivers ity, 1999.
[15]邵维忠,杨芙清.面向对象的系统分析[M] .清华大学出版社, 2000.
[16] Briand LC, Daly J, Wuest J. A unified framework for coupling measurement in object oriented syst ems. IEEE Transactions on Sof tware Engineering , 1999, 25(1) : 91~ 121
[17]董建武.模型驱动体系结构的剖析及应用. 2003,1:31‐32.
[18]贾蕾蕾，李蜀瑜．基于MDA的社区电子服务开发平台设计与实现[J]．微型电脑应用．2010年第26卷第8期：15‐17
[19]车纪文,车烨.基于模型驱动和流程配置的ERP系统的关键技术研究.计算机集成制造系统. 2005,07
[20] Alan W.Brown, Jim Conallen. An Introduction to Model‐Driven Architecture (MDA). IBM DeveloperWorks
[21] G.Kiczales. Beyond the black box:open implementation[C]
[22] Object Management Group[Z]. Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Core Specification, ptc/03‐10‐04, Oct. 2003.
[23] Object Management Group(OMG).Common Warehouse Meta Model(CWM)Specification(V1.1).http://www.cwmforum.org/,2003‐03
[24] Object Management Group(OMG).Meta Object Facility(MOF)Specification(V1.4).http://www.cwmforum.org/,2002‐04
[25] W. Borutzky.Bond Graph Modeling from an Object Oriented Modeling Point of View. Simulation Practice and Theory . 1999
[26]关丽霞．基于MDA软件开发方法的研究与实现[D]．南京：东南大学，2005年3月
[27]张天.张岩.于笑丰.王林章.李宣东．基于MDA的设计模式建模与模型转换[J]．软件学报，2008年9月第19卷第9期：2203‐2217
[28] Gartn er Inc. . Pl at f orm ASICs Jump‐St art Market [ E] . ID No.SEMC‐WW‐DP‐0349, November 2003
[29]张桂林.关于技术创新评估研究［J］.自然辩证法研究，1999，（8）.
[30]梁正平.毋国庆.肖敬.喻超.胡红雷,基于模型驱动的软件体系结构,计算机应用研究,2002:44‐46,134.
[31] Simpson P K. Fuzzy min‐max neural networ ks‐part 2: cluster ing . IEEE Trans on Fuzzy Systems, 1993, 1( 1) : 32~ 45
[32]徐焕杰．面向特定领域的可视化建模技术研究[D]．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学，2009年3月：22‐23
[33]萨师煊,王珊,编著.数据库系统概论[M].高等教育出版社,2003,5.
[34]冀振燕.UML系统分析设计与应用案例[M]北京：人民邮电出版社2003
[35]周雪莹.邹海燕.存储过程的应用和实践[J].电脑开发与应用. 2010(06)
[36]王凯. Web存储方式的应用举例[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版). 2001(01)
[37] Robertson GG,Mackinlay JD,Card SK.Cone Trees: Animated 3D Visualizations of Hierachical Information. . 1991
[38]张晓琳.谭跃生,周健.用继承扩展XML Schema[J].计算机工程与应用. 2006(04)
[39]王善桃.从三层结构到抽象工厂模式的软件设计[J].中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊). 2010(12)
[40]杨思中.刘锦得.骆志刚.反射中间件的研究[M].小型微型计算机系统.2002.05 第23卷第5期：618‐622.
[41]黄罡.王千祥.梅宏.杨芙清.基于软件体系结构的反射式中间件研究[期刊论文]‐软件学报2003，14(11):1819‐1826
[42]谷玉奎.曹宝香.袁玉珠.基于SOA的分布式构件库管理模型[期刊论文]—计算机技术与发展.2008年第18卷第4期：101‐103.
[43]林闯.单志广.任丰原.计算机网络的服务质量(QOS)[M] ;北京：清华大学出版社2004‐04‐01.
[44]李莹峰.邓晓衡.DHT网络中基于测量的QoS监控系统[期刊论文]—计算机技术与发展2009年第19卷第5期：101‐103.
[45]许峰.陈智强.黄皓.王志坚.基于CCM的软件构件组装技术的研究[J].计算机科学. 2006(08)
[2]黄明.梁旭.周丽梅编著.软件工程[M]．机械工业出版社，2003年8月第1版：6‐21
[3] Desmond Souza，Kinetium．Model Driven Architecture and Integration Opportunities and Challenges[EB/OL]．http://www.omg.org/mda，2002
[4] JOHN D.POOLE．Model Driven Architecture：Vision，Standards and Emerging Technologies[EB/OL]．http://www.omg.org/mda，2002
[5] Object Management Group．Unified model language(UML)：Superstructureversion 2．0.OMG Document：formaI/05—07.04.2005.
[6]龚赤兵.visual studio 2008中LINQ开发技术[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2009
[7]汪成为等.面向对象分析、设计及应用[M].国防工业出版社，1992.
[8] Raistrick C ,Francis P ,Wright J , et al . Model Driven Architec2ture with Executable UML[M] . New York :Cambridge Univer2 sity Press ,2006 :22‐23.
[9] Thomas J.Mcwbray.What OO architecture benefits are you missing,Object Magazine,5(7)1995
[10]毛新生．SOA原理、方法和实践［M］．北京：电子工业出版社，2007．
[11] The Raise Method Group,George C.et al,The Raise Development Method.TERMA Elecktronik AS,Denmark,1999
[12]段有胜．UML_PanSchema可视化建模研究[D]．山东师范大学，2010年6月：7‐8
[13] Borutzky W1 Bond graph modeling from an object oriented modeling point of view [J ]1 Simulation Practice and Theory , 1999 , 7 (5P6) : 439‐461G regory
[14] G Nordst rom. M etam ode ling–Rap id D es ign and Evolut ion of D om ain‐Sp ec ific M od eling E nv ironm en ts[ D] . PhD. thes is, Vanderb ilt Un ivers ity, 1999.
[15]邵维忠,杨芙清.面向对象的系统分析[M] .清华大学出版社, 2000.
[16] Briand LC, Daly J, Wuest J. A unified framework for coupling measurement in object oriented syst ems. IEEE Transactions on Sof tware Engineering , 1999, 25(1) : 91~ 121
[17]董建武.模型驱动体系结构的剖析及应用. 2003,1:31‐32.
[18]贾蕾蕾，李蜀瑜．基于MDA的社区电子服务开发平台设计与实现[J]．微型电脑应用．2010年第26卷第8期：15‐17
[19]车纪文,车烨.基于模型驱动和流程配置的ERP系统的关键技术研究.计算机集成制造系统. 2005,07
[20] Alan W.Brown, Jim Conallen. An Introduction to Model‐Driven Architecture (MDA). IBM DeveloperWorks
[21] G.Kiczales. Beyond the black box:open implementation[C]
[22] Object Management Group[Z]. Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Core Specification, ptc/03‐10‐04, Oct. 2003.
[23] Object Management Group(OMG).Common Warehouse Meta Model(CWM)Specification(V1.1).http://www.cwmforum.org/,2003‐03
[24] Object Management Group(OMG).Meta Object Facility(MOF)Specification(V1.4).http://www.cwmforum.org/,2002‐04
[25] W. Borutzky.Bond Graph Modeling from an Object Oriented Modeling Point of View. Simulation Practice and Theory . 1999
[26]关丽霞．基于MDA软件开发方法的研究与实现[D]．南京：东南大学，2005年3月
[27]张天.张岩.于笑丰.王林章.李宣东．基于MDA的设计模式建模与模型转换[J]．软件学报，2008年9月第19卷第9期：2203‐2217
[28] Gartn er Inc. . Pl at f orm ASICs Jump‐St art Market [ E] . ID No.SEMC‐WW‐DP‐0349, November 2003
[29]张桂林.关于技术创新评估研究［J］.自然辩证法研究，1999，（8）.
[30]梁正平.毋国庆.肖敬.喻超.胡红雷,基于模型驱动的软件体系结构,计算机应用研究,2002:44‐46,134.
[31] Simpson P K. Fuzzy min‐max neural networ ks‐part 2: cluster ing . IEEE Trans on Fuzzy Systems, 1993, 1( 1) : 32~ 45
[32]徐焕杰．面向特定领域的可视化建模技术研究[D]．哈尔滨：哈尔滨工程大学，2009年3月：22‐23
[33]萨师煊,王珊,编著.数据库系统概论[M].高等教育出版社,2003,5.
[34]冀振燕.UML系统分析设计与应用案例[M]北京：人民邮电出版社2003
[35]周雪莹.邹海燕.存储过程的应用和实践[J].电脑开发与应用. 2010(06)
[36]王凯. Web存储方式的应用举例[J].贵州大学学报(自然科学版). 2001(01)
[37] Robertson GG,Mackinlay JD,Card SK.Cone Trees: Animated 3D Visualizations of Hierachical Information. . 1991
[38]张晓琳.谭跃生,周健.用继承扩展XML Schema[J].计算机工程与应用. 2006(04)
[39]王善桃.从三层结构到抽象工厂模式的软件设计[J].中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊). 2010(12)
[40]杨思中.刘锦得.骆志刚.反射中间件的研究[M].小型微型计算机系统.2002.05 第23卷第5期：618‐622.
[41]黄罡.王千祥.梅宏.杨芙清.基于软件体系结构的反射式中间件研究[期刊论文]‐软件学报2003，14(11):1819‐1826
[42]谷玉奎.曹宝香.袁玉珠.基于SOA的分布式构件库管理模型[期刊论文]—计算机技术与发展.2008年第18卷第4期：101‐103.
[43]林闯.单志广.任丰原.计算机网络的服务质量(QOS)[M] ;北京：清华大学出版社2004‐04‐01.
[44]李莹峰.邓晓衡.DHT网络中基于测量的QoS监控系统[期刊论文]—计算机技术与发展2009年第19卷第5期：101‐103.
[45]许峰.陈智强.黄皓.王志坚.基于CCM的软件构件组装技术的研究[J].计算机科学. 2006(08)