钢管混凝土框架梁柱连接工作性能的分析研究
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摘要
钢管混凝土结构是充分利用钢和混凝土各自优点组合而成的一种新型结构形式,它以其良好的工作性能受到了越来越多工程设计人员和开发商的青睐。然而,由于其连接形式的多样性和受力形式的复杂性,目前还未能建立实用、有效的连接区工作性能的评判标准,造成了在框架梁柱连接设计中关于内力分析方法、抗震性能评定以及构造要求等的差异较大。基于此,本文通过理论分析与试验研究相结合的方法对钢管混凝土梁柱连接的构造、初始刚度、局部受力以及连接的刚性判断标准等方面进行了探讨。
通过对实际工程中使用过的多种连接进行的理论分析,结果发现,梁端的剪力能通过连接得到有效的传递,而在梁端弯矩的传递方面存在一定差异;钢加强环、钢牛腿以及钢筋混凝土环梁是常用的几种弯矩传递形式,虽然对这些连接在承载力方面进行了较多的研究,但在计算模型的选取上存在一定差异,其主要原因是未对刚性进行系统研究。
本文采用了由串并联弹簧组成的机械分析模型,对应用较多的加强环式连接的初始刚度进行了分析,给出了连接初始刚度的计算公式;对公式中的参数进行了理论推导,且与有限元分析的结果比较吻合。又利用有限元软件ANSYS对加强环的受力进行了分析,结果表明加强环的宽度对整体的刚度影响最大,其中环越宽刚度越小;另外,梁的宽度对加强环的刚度也有一定的影响。
对钢加强环式连接进行了三个模型试验,结果表明加强环式连接变形较小,连接的刚度较大;加强环能很好地约束节点核心区,有效地提高连接部位的整体性;肋板能有效地传递梁端剪力,加强连接各部件间的共同工作;连接的扭转变形对抗弯刚度有一定的影响,但在实际工程中由于楼板的作用,这种影响将会明显减小;钢结构部分的加工误差和缺陷对连接的工作性能有一定的影响,在实际设计中应予以避免。
依据半刚性框架与刚性框架的受力、变形的对比分析,给出了连接的刚性、半刚性及铰接判断方法的一般标准,并通过理论分析对半刚性框架的设计方法进行了初步探讨。
Concrete filled steel tubular structure is a type of new structure that can make the best of steel and concrete. Owing to its good behavior, the new structure is used more and more widely by engineering devisers and developers. On the other hand, due to the diversity of connections and their complex approaches in transferring forces, no applied and effective method to judge the behavior of connections has been found. Therefore, there is some differences in some aspects, such as the analysis method of force, estimate of structural behavior under earthquake and design of connections conformation. Based on the above-mentioned, both theoretic and experimental methods are used to analyze the tectonic, initial rigidity and local mechanics performance of connections. Moreover, criterion to distinguish the rigid connection, semi-rigid connection and flexible connection is discussed in this paper.
Results can be obtained from theoretic analysis in practice. The results show that the shearing force in the end of beam can be transferred to concrete-filled steel tube effectively by the connections. However, there are some differences about moment transfer among different connections in the end of beam. Steel stiffening ring, steel corbel and reinforcing concrete hoop-beam are commonly used to transfer the moment in end of beam. Although abundant researches are carried through to discuss the capacity of connections, no agreement is come on the compute mode. The main reason is that no systemic research is processed on the rigidity of connections.
Mechanics mode composed of lots of series-parallel connection springs is adopted to not only simulate the steel stiffening ring connection but deduced a formula to calculate initial rigidity of connection. Compared to the result of analysis in FEA, the theoretic formula can coincide well with FEA.ANSYS is employed to analyze the performance of steel stiffening ring. Conclusions can be draw that the wider steel stiffening is, the less rigid the performance is. At the same time, the width of beam is an important factor to decide the rigidity of connection. Three specimens of connection for concrete-filled steel tube column to WF steel beam are tested to failure using monotone static test method. Steel stiffening ring connection takes on little distortion even when the steel beam fails. In other words, the connection has a high rigidity. At the same time, the ring can reinforce the joint core and strengthen the connection. In addition, the ribbing can transfer shear force in the end of beam effectively and ensure other components working jointly. The torsion of beam plays an important influence on the rigidity of connection. Slab will restrict the torsion of beam and minimize the adverse effect in practical engineering. Finally, tolerance and disfigurement of steel components have some effects on the behavior of connection. Measures should be taken to control the influence.
By virtue of the analysis of rigid frame and semi-rigid frame, a criterion to distinguish the rigid connection, semi-rigid connection and flexible connection is proposed. Moreover, primary discuss is executed to probe the design method of semi-rigid frame by theoretical analysis.
通过对实际工程中使用过的多种连接进行的理论分析,结果发现,梁端的剪力能通过连接得到有效的传递,而在梁端弯矩的传递方面存在一定差异;钢加强环、钢牛腿以及钢筋混凝土环梁是常用的几种弯矩传递形式,虽然对这些连接在承载力方面进行了较多的研究,但在计算模型的选取上存在一定差异,其主要原因是未对刚性进行系统研究。
本文采用了由串并联弹簧组成的机械分析模型,对应用较多的加强环式连接的初始刚度进行了分析,给出了连接初始刚度的计算公式;对公式中的参数进行了理论推导,且与有限元分析的结果比较吻合。又利用有限元软件ANSYS对加强环的受力进行了分析,结果表明加强环的宽度对整体的刚度影响最大,其中环越宽刚度越小;另外,梁的宽度对加强环的刚度也有一定的影响。
对钢加强环式连接进行了三个模型试验,结果表明加强环式连接变形较小,连接的刚度较大;加强环能很好地约束节点核心区,有效地提高连接部位的整体性;肋板能有效地传递梁端剪力,加强连接各部件间的共同工作;连接的扭转变形对抗弯刚度有一定的影响,但在实际工程中由于楼板的作用,这种影响将会明显减小;钢结构部分的加工误差和缺陷对连接的工作性能有一定的影响,在实际设计中应予以避免。
依据半刚性框架与刚性框架的受力、变形的对比分析,给出了连接的刚性、半刚性及铰接判断方法的一般标准,并通过理论分析对半刚性框架的设计方法进行了初步探讨。
Concrete filled steel tubular structure is a type of new structure that can make the best of steel and concrete. Owing to its good behavior, the new structure is used more and more widely by engineering devisers and developers. On the other hand, due to the diversity of connections and their complex approaches in transferring forces, no applied and effective method to judge the behavior of connections has been found. Therefore, there is some differences in some aspects, such as the analysis method of force, estimate of structural behavior under earthquake and design of connections conformation. Based on the above-mentioned, both theoretic and experimental methods are used to analyze the tectonic, initial rigidity and local mechanics performance of connections. Moreover, criterion to distinguish the rigid connection, semi-rigid connection and flexible connection is discussed in this paper.
Results can be obtained from theoretic analysis in practice. The results show that the shearing force in the end of beam can be transferred to concrete-filled steel tube effectively by the connections. However, there are some differences about moment transfer among different connections in the end of beam. Steel stiffening ring, steel corbel and reinforcing concrete hoop-beam are commonly used to transfer the moment in end of beam. Although abundant researches are carried through to discuss the capacity of connections, no agreement is come on the compute mode. The main reason is that no systemic research is processed on the rigidity of connections.
Mechanics mode composed of lots of series-parallel connection springs is adopted to not only simulate the steel stiffening ring connection but deduced a formula to calculate initial rigidity of connection. Compared to the result of analysis in FEA, the theoretic formula can coincide well with FEA.ANSYS is employed to analyze the performance of steel stiffening ring. Conclusions can be draw that the wider steel stiffening is, the less rigid the performance is. At the same time, the width of beam is an important factor to decide the rigidity of connection. Three specimens of connection for concrete-filled steel tube column to WF steel beam are tested to failure using monotone static test method. Steel stiffening ring connection takes on little distortion even when the steel beam fails. In other words, the connection has a high rigidity. At the same time, the ring can reinforce the joint core and strengthen the connection. In addition, the ribbing can transfer shear force in the end of beam effectively and ensure other components working jointly. The torsion of beam plays an important influence on the rigidity of connection. Slab will restrict the torsion of beam and minimize the adverse effect in practical engineering. Finally, tolerance and disfigurement of steel components have some effects on the behavior of connection. Measures should be taken to control the influence.
By virtue of the analysis of rigid frame and semi-rigid frame, a criterion to distinguish the rigid connection, semi-rigid connection and flexible connection is proposed. Moreover, primary discuss is executed to probe the design method of semi-rigid frame by theoretical analysis.
引文
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