装配仿真资源知识库构建
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摘要
随着航空工业信息化的发展,形成的大量的原始数据急需相关知识管理系统对其进行加工利用。本论文根据当前国内外知识管理领域和知识工程领域对知识表示、分类、利用等方面的理论和实践成果,研究了装配仿真资源知识库构建的理论与方法,对装配仿真资源知识库的框架、内容和功能等进行了论述,主要研究内容如下:
文章首先简单分析了航空工业发展对知识的迫切需求情况,以及知识库技术在我国和国外发达国家的发展概况,针对我国在航空工业方面的装配资源知识库系统设计的具体情况,给出论文研究的主要内容,技术路线以及文章的创新点。
接着分析了装配仿真资源分类和管理方式,并依据国家标准对所有装配过程的资源进行编码管理,讨论了在CATIA软件中创建模型库的方法和步骤,并构建了有形资源的模型库。
然后设计了装配仿真资源知识库的资源信息模型和系统功能模型,结合本文飞机装配仿真资源的属性和特征,研究了基于产生式规则的推理以及控制策略,设计了星型数据模型。
最后分析了知识库系统平台的体系结构和硬件结构,并利用知识库系统在具体项目上的应用来研究如何有效设计推理机来构建一个理想的知识库系统。
知识库是信息时代企业资源管理的核心。本文针对飞机装配仿真资源知识库,解决了分类模型库创建、知识库系统模型、知识推理等关键技术,使得管理者能够及时了解装配过程进度情况、各类装配资源状态信息及计划执行情况等,实时追踪制造资源信息从全局的角度掌握装配过程状况,提高了装配资源管理效率,对飞机装配制造业具有重大的应用价值和理论意义。
With the development of the aviation industrial informationization formed large amounts of original data which is need to be processed and applied. According to the theoretical and practical results of the current domestic and international knowledge management and knowledge engineering on knowledge representation, classification, use and other aspects, this paper makes a research on the theory and methods to build assembly simulation resources knowledge library, discourses its framework, content and function. The main research of this paper are as follows:
First of all, it is the analysis of the urgent needs of knowledge for the development of aviation industry and the present situation in China and abroad, then the paper introduces the main contents, technological routine and innovative points.
Second, the paper makes a research on the classification and management of assembly simulation resources, and codes and manages the assembly process resources according to national standards, and discusses methods and steps for creating a model library by CATIA , and builds a model library of physical resources.
Then, the paper makes a research on the design of resources information model and functional model of the knowledge library system for assembly simulation resources. With the properties and characteristics of assembly simulation resources,the paper makes a research on inferring based on production rule and control strategy, then designed a star database model. At last, the paper makes a research on the overall framework and inner structure of the assembly simulation resource knowledge library system, and according to the application of knowledge library system projects, makes a research on how to design an effective inference engine to create an ideal knowledge library system.
Knowledge library is the core enterprise resource management in the information age. This paper aims at the knowledge library for aircraft assembly simulation resources, and some key technologies are solved, for example, the creation of model library, system model and knowledge inference. With this knowledge library system managers can know in time the assembly process status, all kinds of assembly resource status, and the plan implemented status and so on, and can also track assembly resource information in real time, and can control the assembly process status from the overall perspective, thus the management efficiency of assembly resource is improved. It has great theoretical significance and application value to the aircraft assembly and manufacture industry.
文章首先简单分析了航空工业发展对知识的迫切需求情况,以及知识库技术在我国和国外发达国家的发展概况,针对我国在航空工业方面的装配资源知识库系统设计的具体情况,给出论文研究的主要内容,技术路线以及文章的创新点。
接着分析了装配仿真资源分类和管理方式,并依据国家标准对所有装配过程的资源进行编码管理,讨论了在CATIA软件中创建模型库的方法和步骤,并构建了有形资源的模型库。
然后设计了装配仿真资源知识库的资源信息模型和系统功能模型,结合本文飞机装配仿真资源的属性和特征,研究了基于产生式规则的推理以及控制策略,设计了星型数据模型。
最后分析了知识库系统平台的体系结构和硬件结构,并利用知识库系统在具体项目上的应用来研究如何有效设计推理机来构建一个理想的知识库系统。
知识库是信息时代企业资源管理的核心。本文针对飞机装配仿真资源知识库,解决了分类模型库创建、知识库系统模型、知识推理等关键技术,使得管理者能够及时了解装配过程进度情况、各类装配资源状态信息及计划执行情况等,实时追踪制造资源信息从全局的角度掌握装配过程状况,提高了装配资源管理效率,对飞机装配制造业具有重大的应用价值和理论意义。
With the development of the aviation industrial informationization formed large amounts of original data which is need to be processed and applied. According to the theoretical and practical results of the current domestic and international knowledge management and knowledge engineering on knowledge representation, classification, use and other aspects, this paper makes a research on the theory and methods to build assembly simulation resources knowledge library, discourses its framework, content and function. The main research of this paper are as follows:
First of all, it is the analysis of the urgent needs of knowledge for the development of aviation industry and the present situation in China and abroad, then the paper introduces the main contents, technological routine and innovative points.
Second, the paper makes a research on the classification and management of assembly simulation resources, and codes and manages the assembly process resources according to national standards, and discusses methods and steps for creating a model library by CATIA , and builds a model library of physical resources.
Then, the paper makes a research on the design of resources information model and functional model of the knowledge library system for assembly simulation resources. With the properties and characteristics of assembly simulation resources,the paper makes a research on inferring based on production rule and control strategy, then designed a star database model. At last, the paper makes a research on the overall framework and inner structure of the assembly simulation resource knowledge library system, and according to the application of knowledge library system projects, makes a research on how to design an effective inference engine to create an ideal knowledge library system.
Knowledge library is the core enterprise resource management in the information age. This paper aims at the knowledge library for aircraft assembly simulation resources, and some key technologies are solved, for example, the creation of model library, system model and knowledge inference. With this knowledge library system managers can know in time the assembly process status, all kinds of assembly resource status, and the plan implemented status and so on, and can also track assembly resource information in real time, and can control the assembly process status from the overall perspective, thus the management efficiency of assembly resource is improved. It has great theoretical significance and application value to the aircraft assembly and manufacture industry.
引文
[1]范玉青.现代飞机制造技术[M].北京:北京航空航天大学出版社. 2001: 15-50
[2]王永金,孙克豪.虚拟装配技术研究概述[M].机械, 2004, 31(4): 1-3
[3]丘宏俊.基于知识的飞机装配工艺设计关健技术研究[D].西安:西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2006
[4] Elfed Roberts. Virtual Assembly & Integration Preparation[J]. ESTEC System Design & Verification. 2002-06: 13-14
[5] Ohbyung kwon, Minyong Kim. MyMessage: case-based reasoning and multicriteria decision making techniques for intelligent context-aware message filtering[J]. Expert Systems with Applications. 2004, 27(3): 467-480
[6]李原.大飞机部件数字化柔性装配若干关键技术[J].航空制造技术, 2009, 14: 48-51
[7]范玉青.飞机数字化装配技术综述[J].航空制造技术, 2006, 10: 44-48
[8] Bullinger. H. J, Richter. M. Virtual assembly planning [J]. Human Factors and Ergonomics In Manufacturing, 2000, 10(3): 33l-341
[9] Soe N. qing, Graham Burley, Randolph Odi, etal. Design for tooling to enable jigless assembly-an integrated methodology for jigless assembly[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc, 2000, 10: 4-8
[10]史耀亮.飞机的数字化装配工艺设计与仿真[J].航空制造技术, 2007, 12: 95-98
[11]聂宏,魏小辉.大型民用飞机起落架关键技术[J].南京航空航天大学学报, 2008, 40(4): 427-432
[12]Giovani Pieri, Michel R.Klein. A data and knowledge-based system for supporting the maintenance of chemical plant[J]. International Journal of Production Economics. 2002, 79(2): 143-159
[13]刘晓冰,王霄,薛冬娟.面向PLM的产品设计资源集成系统[J].计算机工程, 2009, 35(8): 118-121
[14]肖庆东.飞机数字化装配定位技术研究[D].西安:西北工业大学. 2007
[15]许旭东,陈嵩,毕利文,杨红宇.飞机数字化装配技术[J].航空制造技术, 2008, 14: 48-50
[16]王巍,贺平,万良辉.飞机柔性装配技术研究[J].机械设计与制造, 2006, 11: 88-90
[17]邹冀华,刘志存,范玉青.大型飞行器舱段数字化装配方法[J].制造业自动化, 2007-01, 29(1): 1-4, 24
[18]侯俊杰,莫蓉,何赞,杨海成.基于实例设计的夹具CAD研究[J].计算机工程与应用, 2002, 38(6): 43-44, 78
[19]Jeff.A. flexible high speed riveting machine[J]. SAE International. 2003, 10(11): 5-9
[20]Reinhard Grandl. Virtual process week in the experimental vehicle build at BMW AG[J]. Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing. 2001, 42(17): 65-71
[21]曾芬芳,严晓光. CAPP的现状与发展趋势[J].机械制造与自动化, 2004, 33 (3): 12-14
[22]陈永府,王峰,朱林,陈立平. CAPP发展趋势及面临的问题[J].计算机工程与设计, 2004, 25(5): 776-778
[23]张振明.现代CAPP的应用与发展趋势[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化, 2004(1): 30-31
[24]陈万领. CAPP深化应用的思考[J].中国制造业信息化, 2004, 33(4): 25-26
[25]李迎光,万世明,周儒荣.机械产品集成设计知识模型的研究与应用[J].机械科学与技术, 2005, 24(1): 79-82, 85
[26]Sankar Jayaram, HushI Connacher, Kevin. W. Lyons. Virtual assembly using virtual reality techniques [J]. Computer Aided Design, 1997, 29(8): 575-584
[27]GB/T 7027-2002《信息分类和编码的基本原则与方法》
[28]Narayanasamy G, Cecil J, Son T C. A Collaborative Framework to Realize Virtual Enterprises Using 3APL[C]. 2006: 191-206
[29]Winner R.I. The role of Concurrent Engineering in Weapons System Acquisition [J], IDA Report R-338. 1998
[30]褚兴军.支持并行工程的产品数据管理系统研究与实现[D].北京航空航天大学博士论文, 1998
[31]韩丹,张和明.工艺产品物料清单转换方法及其实现技术[J].中国机械工程, 2008, 9(18):2199-2202
[32]James D. Foley, Andries van Dam, Steven K.Feiner. Introduction to Computer Graphics[M]. China Machine Press, 2005
[33]Corney J, Lim T. 3D Modeling with ACIS.Saxe-coburg Publications[M]. Stirling, UK, 2001
[34]李景新,郑国磊. DELMIA系统在飞机装配模拟中的应用研究[J].航空制造技术, 2008, 11: 90-93
[35]J.Milberg(1), J.Wisbacher.Acoustic Test Procedures-A Powerful Method for Quality Assurance and Process Monitoring in assembly[J]. Annals of the CIRP, 1992(1): 25-28.
[36]Peter Holmstedt, Leng Marrtensson,Anders Arnatron(2). Cooperation of Man and Robot Assembly-an Evaluation of an Industrial Flexible Assembly[J]. Annals of the CIRP, 1997(1): 7-14
[37]周丹晨,尚鋆,周战强.面向产品制造全过程的企业信息集成平台研究[J].计算机应用与软件, 2008, 25(7): 149-151
[38]邢英杰,邓宏军,刘晓冰,黄学文. CAPP中BOM管理技术研究[J].中国制造业信息化, 2004(1): 87-89
[39]李丹等, Eclipse自动重构框架的研究[J].微计算机信息, 2007(23): 266-267
[40]Scott Muske. Application of dimensional management on 747 fuselage-1997 World Aviation Congress[C]. Seattle WA: AIAA, 1997
[41]Odf R. Error budgeting for assembly centric design of aerostructuress[J]. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001, 9(5): 33-43
[42]袁波,周均,胡事民,孙家广.层次化单元装配类型[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2000(6): 450-454
[43]魏仁亮,陈新度,吴磊.轻量化CAD模型实时协同工具的研究与开发[J].机械设计与制造, 2008, 7(7): 128-130
[44]李迎光,周儒荣,黄翔等.动态扩充的零件库系统的研究与开发[J].机械科学与技术. 2003, 22 (3): 505-507
[45]张晓华,基于STEP标准的网络化制造统一BOM数据管理[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工程大学, 2006
[46]John Hartmann. Automated wing panel assembly for the A340-600[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers, 2000, 7(1): 44-47
[47]Tim Clarke, Richard Gooch. Real- time 3-D metrology for aerospace manufacture [J]. Sensor Review Volume, 1999, 19(2): 113-115
[48]陶品等.虚拟装配仿真平台的研究与实现[J].系统仿真学报, 2001, 13(6): 704-706
[49]王玉,邢渊,阮雪榆.机械产品设计重用策略研究[J].机械工程学报, 2002, 38(5): 145-148
[50]王翔,协同设计可视化平台的研究与实现[D].武汉,华中科技大学, 2006
[51]蔡文沁,姜寿山.非技术组化产品知识模型[J].计算机集成制造技术, 2003, 9(12): 1053-1056
[2]王永金,孙克豪.虚拟装配技术研究概述[M].机械, 2004, 31(4): 1-3
[3]丘宏俊.基于知识的飞机装配工艺设计关健技术研究[D].西安:西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2006
[4] Elfed Roberts. Virtual Assembly & Integration Preparation[J]. ESTEC System Design & Verification. 2002-06: 13-14
[5] Ohbyung kwon, Minyong Kim. MyMessage: case-based reasoning and multicriteria decision making techniques for intelligent context-aware message filtering[J]. Expert Systems with Applications. 2004, 27(3): 467-480
[6]李原.大飞机部件数字化柔性装配若干关键技术[J].航空制造技术, 2009, 14: 48-51
[7]范玉青.飞机数字化装配技术综述[J].航空制造技术, 2006, 10: 44-48
[8] Bullinger. H. J, Richter. M. Virtual assembly planning [J]. Human Factors and Ergonomics In Manufacturing, 2000, 10(3): 33l-341
[9] Soe N. qing, Graham Burley, Randolph Odi, etal. Design for tooling to enable jigless assembly-an integrated methodology for jigless assembly[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc, 2000, 10: 4-8
[10]史耀亮.飞机的数字化装配工艺设计与仿真[J].航空制造技术, 2007, 12: 95-98
[11]聂宏,魏小辉.大型民用飞机起落架关键技术[J].南京航空航天大学学报, 2008, 40(4): 427-432
[12]Giovani Pieri, Michel R.Klein. A data and knowledge-based system for supporting the maintenance of chemical plant[J]. International Journal of Production Economics. 2002, 79(2): 143-159
[13]刘晓冰,王霄,薛冬娟.面向PLM的产品设计资源集成系统[J].计算机工程, 2009, 35(8): 118-121
[14]肖庆东.飞机数字化装配定位技术研究[D].西安:西北工业大学. 2007
[15]许旭东,陈嵩,毕利文,杨红宇.飞机数字化装配技术[J].航空制造技术, 2008, 14: 48-50
[16]王巍,贺平,万良辉.飞机柔性装配技术研究[J].机械设计与制造, 2006, 11: 88-90
[17]邹冀华,刘志存,范玉青.大型飞行器舱段数字化装配方法[J].制造业自动化, 2007-01, 29(1): 1-4, 24
[18]侯俊杰,莫蓉,何赞,杨海成.基于实例设计的夹具CAD研究[J].计算机工程与应用, 2002, 38(6): 43-44, 78
[19]Jeff.A. flexible high speed riveting machine[J]. SAE International. 2003, 10(11): 5-9
[20]Reinhard Grandl. Virtual process week in the experimental vehicle build at BMW AG[J]. Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing. 2001, 42(17): 65-71
[21]曾芬芳,严晓光. CAPP的现状与发展趋势[J].机械制造与自动化, 2004, 33 (3): 12-14
[22]陈永府,王峰,朱林,陈立平. CAPP发展趋势及面临的问题[J].计算机工程与设计, 2004, 25(5): 776-778
[23]张振明.现代CAPP的应用与发展趋势[J]. CAD/CAM与制造业信息化, 2004(1): 30-31
[24]陈万领. CAPP深化应用的思考[J].中国制造业信息化, 2004, 33(4): 25-26
[25]李迎光,万世明,周儒荣.机械产品集成设计知识模型的研究与应用[J].机械科学与技术, 2005, 24(1): 79-82, 85
[26]Sankar Jayaram, HushI Connacher, Kevin. W. Lyons. Virtual assembly using virtual reality techniques [J]. Computer Aided Design, 1997, 29(8): 575-584
[27]GB/T 7027-2002《信息分类和编码的基本原则与方法》
[28]Narayanasamy G, Cecil J, Son T C. A Collaborative Framework to Realize Virtual Enterprises Using 3APL[C]. 2006: 191-206
[29]Winner R.I. The role of Concurrent Engineering in Weapons System Acquisition [J], IDA Report R-338. 1998
[30]褚兴军.支持并行工程的产品数据管理系统研究与实现[D].北京航空航天大学博士论文, 1998
[31]韩丹,张和明.工艺产品物料清单转换方法及其实现技术[J].中国机械工程, 2008, 9(18):2199-2202
[32]James D. Foley, Andries van Dam, Steven K.Feiner. Introduction to Computer Graphics[M]. China Machine Press, 2005
[33]Corney J, Lim T. 3D Modeling with ACIS.Saxe-coburg Publications[M]. Stirling, UK, 2001
[34]李景新,郑国磊. DELMIA系统在飞机装配模拟中的应用研究[J].航空制造技术, 2008, 11: 90-93
[35]J.Milberg(1), J.Wisbacher.Acoustic Test Procedures-A Powerful Method for Quality Assurance and Process Monitoring in assembly[J]. Annals of the CIRP, 1992(1): 25-28.
[36]Peter Holmstedt, Leng Marrtensson,Anders Arnatron(2). Cooperation of Man and Robot Assembly-an Evaluation of an Industrial Flexible Assembly[J]. Annals of the CIRP, 1997(1): 7-14
[37]周丹晨,尚鋆,周战强.面向产品制造全过程的企业信息集成平台研究[J].计算机应用与软件, 2008, 25(7): 149-151
[38]邢英杰,邓宏军,刘晓冰,黄学文. CAPP中BOM管理技术研究[J].中国制造业信息化, 2004(1): 87-89
[39]李丹等, Eclipse自动重构框架的研究[J].微计算机信息, 2007(23): 266-267
[40]Scott Muske. Application of dimensional management on 747 fuselage-1997 World Aviation Congress[C]. Seattle WA: AIAA, 1997
[41]Odf R. Error budgeting for assembly centric design of aerostructuress[J]. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2001, 9(5): 33-43
[42]袁波,周均,胡事民,孙家广.层次化单元装配类型[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2000(6): 450-454
[43]魏仁亮,陈新度,吴磊.轻量化CAD模型实时协同工具的研究与开发[J].机械设计与制造, 2008, 7(7): 128-130
[44]李迎光,周儒荣,黄翔等.动态扩充的零件库系统的研究与开发[J].机械科学与技术. 2003, 22 (3): 505-507
[45]张晓华,基于STEP标准的网络化制造统一BOM数据管理[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工程大学, 2006
[46]John Hartmann. Automated wing panel assembly for the A340-600[J]. Society of Automotive Engineers, 2000, 7(1): 44-47
[47]Tim Clarke, Richard Gooch. Real- time 3-D metrology for aerospace manufacture [J]. Sensor Review Volume, 1999, 19(2): 113-115
[48]陶品等.虚拟装配仿真平台的研究与实现[J].系统仿真学报, 2001, 13(6): 704-706
[49]王玉,邢渊,阮雪榆.机械产品设计重用策略研究[J].机械工程学报, 2002, 38(5): 145-148
[50]王翔,协同设计可视化平台的研究与实现[D].武汉,华中科技大学, 2006
[51]蔡文沁,姜寿山.非技术组化产品知识模型[J].计算机集成制造技术, 2003, 9(12): 1053-1056