芳香环改性尼龙6工业丝纺丝工艺探讨
摘要
聚酰胺纤维是世界上最早的合成纤维品种,由于性能优良,原料资源丰富,一直被广泛使用。尼龙6工业丝强度高,耐磨性,回弹性好,所以它在工业上有着广泛的应用,如:帘子线,传动带,软管,绳索,渔网等。
本文主要是对一种芳香族化合物改性的尼龙6进行熔体纺丝,采用一步法熔体纺丝工艺,对纺制的纤维进行一系列测试:SEM扫描,FTIR分析,XRD分析,DSC测试,力学性能测试。并在同样纺丝工艺条件下,通过与未改性的尼龙6的对比,分析它们在纺丝温度,拉伸工艺,机械性能等各方面的差异,判断它是否能够应用于帘子线。主要研究内容和结论如下:
(1)芳香族化合物改性尼龙6的熔体纺丝。本实验使用紧凑型一步法熔体纺丝机进行纺丝,采用传统熔体纺丝工艺。
(2)芳香族化合物改性尼龙6纤维的性能测试。对纺制的纤维进行了一系列的测试:SEM扫描,FTIR分析,XRD分析,DSC测试,力学性能测试。通过SEM扫描发现改性尼龙6纤维表面与未改性尼龙6纤维的表观形貌有所不同。通过FTIR分析,确定芳香族化合物改性剂已成功嵌入分子主链。通过XRD分析,发现不同纤维中晶型有变化。通过DSC测试表明改性尼龙6的熔点有变化。通过力学性能测试,发现在同样纺丝工艺条件下,改性尼龙6的断裂强度有所提高。
(3)探讨纺丝工艺条件对纤维性能的影响。探讨了原材料的质量对可纺性的影响。探讨了纺丝温度对纺丝组件、熔体粘度、可纺性,断裂强度的影响。探讨了拉伸倍数对纤维形貌和机械性能的影响。
Polyamide fiber is a kind of earliest synthetic fibers which has been widely used in industry due to its excellent performance. Industrial yarn made by Nylon 6 has high strength, wear resistance and good elasticity. So, it has been used as tire cord, transmission belt, hoses, ropes, fishing nets and so on.
Nylon 6 fiber modified by one type of aromatic compounds were prepared by one-step melt spinning process in this paper. The structure and properties of modified nylon 6 were measured by SEM, XRD, DSC and mechanical properties tester. Under the same spinning process, compared with pure nylon 6 fiber, the spinning temperature, drawing process, and mechanical properties were analyzed to identify whether it can be used as tire cord. The main contents and conclusions were shown as follows:
The melt-spinning of modified nylon 6 was carried out by one-step melting spinning process in this paper.
The structures and properties of fibers modified by aromatic compounds were measured by SEM, FTIR, XRD, DSC, and mechanical properties tester. SEM observations showed that the surface of fibers was different from the unmodified fibers. The aromatic rings were grafted into the polymer chain sucessfully which was confirmed through the FTIR analysis. Under the same spinning process condition, the degree of crystallization has changed in different fibers by XRD analysis. The melting point of different nylon 6 have changed, through the DSC test. Under the same spinning process conditions, through the mechanical properties test, we find that the modified nylon 6 fiber has the advantage in mechanical performance compared with unmodified nylon 6.
We also studied that how spinning process influenced fiber properties. We studied how quality of nylon 6 influenced spinnability. We also discussed how spinning temperature influenced spinning compact, melt viscosity, spinnability, breaking strength. Lastly, we studied how draw ratio influenced morphology and mechanical properties of nylon 6 fibers.
本文主要是对一种芳香族化合物改性的尼龙6进行熔体纺丝,采用一步法熔体纺丝工艺,对纺制的纤维进行一系列测试:SEM扫描,FTIR分析,XRD分析,DSC测试,力学性能测试。并在同样纺丝工艺条件下,通过与未改性的尼龙6的对比,分析它们在纺丝温度,拉伸工艺,机械性能等各方面的差异,判断它是否能够应用于帘子线。主要研究内容和结论如下:
(1)芳香族化合物改性尼龙6的熔体纺丝。本实验使用紧凑型一步法熔体纺丝机进行纺丝,采用传统熔体纺丝工艺。
(2)芳香族化合物改性尼龙6纤维的性能测试。对纺制的纤维进行了一系列的测试:SEM扫描,FTIR分析,XRD分析,DSC测试,力学性能测试。通过SEM扫描发现改性尼龙6纤维表面与未改性尼龙6纤维的表观形貌有所不同。通过FTIR分析,确定芳香族化合物改性剂已成功嵌入分子主链。通过XRD分析,发现不同纤维中晶型有变化。通过DSC测试表明改性尼龙6的熔点有变化。通过力学性能测试,发现在同样纺丝工艺条件下,改性尼龙6的断裂强度有所提高。
(3)探讨纺丝工艺条件对纤维性能的影响。探讨了原材料的质量对可纺性的影响。探讨了纺丝温度对纺丝组件、熔体粘度、可纺性,断裂强度的影响。探讨了拉伸倍数对纤维形貌和机械性能的影响。
Polyamide fiber is a kind of earliest synthetic fibers which has been widely used in industry due to its excellent performance. Industrial yarn made by Nylon 6 has high strength, wear resistance and good elasticity. So, it has been used as tire cord, transmission belt, hoses, ropes, fishing nets and so on.
Nylon 6 fiber modified by one type of aromatic compounds were prepared by one-step melt spinning process in this paper. The structure and properties of modified nylon 6 were measured by SEM, XRD, DSC and mechanical properties tester. Under the same spinning process, compared with pure nylon 6 fiber, the spinning temperature, drawing process, and mechanical properties were analyzed to identify whether it can be used as tire cord. The main contents and conclusions were shown as follows:
The melt-spinning of modified nylon 6 was carried out by one-step melting spinning process in this paper.
The structures and properties of fibers modified by aromatic compounds were measured by SEM, FTIR, XRD, DSC, and mechanical properties tester. SEM observations showed that the surface of fibers was different from the unmodified fibers. The aromatic rings were grafted into the polymer chain sucessfully which was confirmed through the FTIR analysis. Under the same spinning process condition, the degree of crystallization has changed in different fibers by XRD analysis. The melting point of different nylon 6 have changed, through the DSC test. Under the same spinning process conditions, through the mechanical properties test, we find that the modified nylon 6 fiber has the advantage in mechanical performance compared with unmodified nylon 6.
We also studied that how spinning process influenced fiber properties. We studied how quality of nylon 6 influenced spinnability. We also discussed how spinning temperature influenced spinning compact, melt viscosity, spinnability, breaking strength. Lastly, we studied how draw ratio influenced morphology and mechanical properties of nylon 6 fibers.
引文
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