长春市初中女生体育课兴趣缺失现状分析与对策
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摘要
学校体育教学是学校教育的重要组成部分,而体育课教学则是学校体育的关键,应成为学校体育教学关注的重点。素质教育的提出以及新课程改革的当下,尤其是继北京奥运会之后,人们开始重新思考体育的今后发展道路,对大众体育的关注程度大大的提高。学校体育更是受到各方面人士的关注。如何上好体育课,不仅要从方法手段上考虑,还要全面的了解学生的兴趣爱好。然而,学生的爱好兴趣受多方面的影响,尤其是正处在生长发育期的初中女生,针对他们的各项心理、生理特点来分析,如何上好体育课,如何培养学生的体育兴趣,如何让她们运用所学的体育知识来达到锻炼身体、愉悦身心、和谐交往的目的是一项长期的教学思考。笔者针对当前初中女生体育课兴趣缺失的内外因素的分析,认真剖析长春市初中女生体育课兴趣缺失的主要因素,揭示影响长春市初中女生体育课兴趣的主要问题,从而为长春市初中女生体育课的顺利开展提出相应的改善对策。
本文综合运用文献研究法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法等研究方法,在《初中体育(与健康)新课程标准》的理念指导下,并结合多年初中体育教学实践经验,对长春市初中女生体育课兴趣缺失的现状及对策的调查研究,得出以下结论：1.长春市初中女生体育课的兴趣,总体上来说还算乐观,但存在很多问题。兴趣缺失的状况随着年级的增长逐渐下降,初一年级不喜欢体育课的只占2.5%,初中二年级达到5.6%,到初三年级则上升到9.1%。2.长春市初中体育教师在师资结构和学历水上符合重点中学与非重点中学的师资配置要求。但教师的科研意识、科研水平达不到国家要求,且重点中学与非重点中学差异性不大。在课时安排、设置上,重点中学优于非重点中学,教师负担较非重点中学要轻松。3.初中女生所喜欢的体育项目以羽毛球、慢跑、乒乓球居多,但并不是学生喜欢的运动项目就是她们上课积极参与的运动项目。学生的体育课学习动机主要以应付考试为主的占多数,被动参加体育课的人数,随着年级增长而逐渐的增加。4.影响长春市初中女生体育课兴趣的因素可以分为内因和外因两种。其中内因以生理、心理两方面因素为主,表现在身体形态的改变、对体育课的态度兴趣上。5.影响长春市初中女生体育课兴趣的外部因素主要体现在教师、家庭、课程教学、学校、考试制度与评价、群体等因素上。6.针对调查分析,笔者提出了相应的对策。改善初中女生的体育课兴趣缺失现状,不仅要从学生自身的生理、心理特点出发,更需要外部因素的支持、引导,二者相互协调、配合。
Physical education is an important part of school education, and physical education teaching is the key to school sports should be the focus of school physical education. Quality education and new curriculum reforms proposed by the moment, especially following the Beijing Olympic Games, people began to rethink the future of sports development path, and the public sports greatly increase the degree of concern. School sports is subject to all aspects of public concern. How to teach physical education, not only from the methods and means to consider, but also a comprehensive understanding of student interests. However, many students affected by the impact of hobbies and interests, in particular is in the growth and development of junior high school girls, for they are the psychological and physiological characteristics to analyze, how to teach physical education, how to train students interested in sports, how to make They apply the knowledge to achieve physical exercise, mental and physical pleasure, the purpose of harmonious interaction is a long-term Teaching. The author for the current lack of interest in junior high school girls in physical analysis of internal and external factors, serious analysis of Changchun City junior high school female students lack interest in the main factors, revealed the impact of junior high school female students interested in Changchun City, the main problem, so as to junior high school female students in Changchun City smooth development of the proposed improvement measures accordingly.
This paper uses literature review, questionnaires, expert interviews and other research methods, in the "middle school Physical Education (and Health) New curriculum standards" concept under the guidance of high school physical education combined with years of practical experience in junior high school girls sports in Changchun City class interest, cause and countermeasure research, the following conclusions:1. Changchun City junior high school girls interest in physical education, overall, fairly optimistic, but there are many problems. Lack of interest in the situation of decreasing growth with grade, first grade do not like physical education and only 2.5%,5.6% second-year junior high school to third grade increased to 9.1%.2. Changchun City junior high school physical education teachers in teacher education structures and water meet the key focus of secondary school teachers and non-configuration requirements. However, awareness of teachers, scientific research and scientific research to meet the national requirements, and key middle school and high school were not significant non-priority. Arrangement in the class, set on, the focus is better than non-key middle school, high school teachers to pay more non-key easily.3. Junior high school students the girls in sports like badminton, jogging, table tennis, mostly, but not students like school sports is their active participation in the sport. The main motivation of students to meet the physical exam-based majority passively participate in physical education the number gradually increased with grade increase.4. Of Changchun City junior high school female students interested in internal and external factors can be divided into two types.One internal to the physical, psychological mainly two factors, the performance of morphological changes in the body, the attitude of interest in the physical education class.5. Of junior high school female students interested in Changchun City, the external factors reflected in the teachers, families, teaching, schools, examination system and evaluation, group and other factors.6. For the investigation and analysis, the author puts forward corresponding countermeasures. Junior high school girls interested in improving the lack of physical status, not only from the student's own physical and psychological characteristics of. external factors need support, guidance, coordination between the two to meet.
本文综合运用文献研究法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法等研究方法,在《初中体育(与健康)新课程标准》的理念指导下,并结合多年初中体育教学实践经验,对长春市初中女生体育课兴趣缺失的现状及对策的调查研究,得出以下结论：1.长春市初中女生体育课的兴趣,总体上来说还算乐观,但存在很多问题。兴趣缺失的状况随着年级的增长逐渐下降,初一年级不喜欢体育课的只占2.5%,初中二年级达到5.6%,到初三年级则上升到9.1%。2.长春市初中体育教师在师资结构和学历水上符合重点中学与非重点中学的师资配置要求。但教师的科研意识、科研水平达不到国家要求,且重点中学与非重点中学差异性不大。在课时安排、设置上,重点中学优于非重点中学,教师负担较非重点中学要轻松。3.初中女生所喜欢的体育项目以羽毛球、慢跑、乒乓球居多,但并不是学生喜欢的运动项目就是她们上课积极参与的运动项目。学生的体育课学习动机主要以应付考试为主的占多数,被动参加体育课的人数,随着年级增长而逐渐的增加。4.影响长春市初中女生体育课兴趣的因素可以分为内因和外因两种。其中内因以生理、心理两方面因素为主,表现在身体形态的改变、对体育课的态度兴趣上。5.影响长春市初中女生体育课兴趣的外部因素主要体现在教师、家庭、课程教学、学校、考试制度与评价、群体等因素上。6.针对调查分析,笔者提出了相应的对策。改善初中女生的体育课兴趣缺失现状,不仅要从学生自身的生理、心理特点出发,更需要外部因素的支持、引导,二者相互协调、配合。
Physical education is an important part of school education, and physical education teaching is the key to school sports should be the focus of school physical education. Quality education and new curriculum reforms proposed by the moment, especially following the Beijing Olympic Games, people began to rethink the future of sports development path, and the public sports greatly increase the degree of concern. School sports is subject to all aspects of public concern. How to teach physical education, not only from the methods and means to consider, but also a comprehensive understanding of student interests. However, many students affected by the impact of hobbies and interests, in particular is in the growth and development of junior high school girls, for they are the psychological and physiological characteristics to analyze, how to teach physical education, how to train students interested in sports, how to make They apply the knowledge to achieve physical exercise, mental and physical pleasure, the purpose of harmonious interaction is a long-term Teaching. The author for the current lack of interest in junior high school girls in physical analysis of internal and external factors, serious analysis of Changchun City junior high school female students lack interest in the main factors, revealed the impact of junior high school female students interested in Changchun City, the main problem, so as to junior high school female students in Changchun City smooth development of the proposed improvement measures accordingly.
This paper uses literature review, questionnaires, expert interviews and other research methods, in the "middle school Physical Education (and Health) New curriculum standards" concept under the guidance of high school physical education combined with years of practical experience in junior high school girls sports in Changchun City class interest, cause and countermeasure research, the following conclusions:1. Changchun City junior high school girls interest in physical education, overall, fairly optimistic, but there are many problems. Lack of interest in the situation of decreasing growth with grade, first grade do not like physical education and only 2.5%,5.6% second-year junior high school to third grade increased to 9.1%.2. Changchun City junior high school physical education teachers in teacher education structures and water meet the key focus of secondary school teachers and non-configuration requirements. However, awareness of teachers, scientific research and scientific research to meet the national requirements, and key middle school and high school were not significant non-priority. Arrangement in the class, set on, the focus is better than non-key middle school, high school teachers to pay more non-key easily.3. Junior high school students the girls in sports like badminton, jogging, table tennis, mostly, but not students like school sports is their active participation in the sport. The main motivation of students to meet the physical exam-based majority passively participate in physical education the number gradually increased with grade increase.4. Of Changchun City junior high school female students interested in internal and external factors can be divided into two types.One internal to the physical, psychological mainly two factors, the performance of morphological changes in the body, the attitude of interest in the physical education class.5. Of junior high school female students interested in Changchun City, the external factors reflected in the teachers, families, teaching, schools, examination system and evaluation, group and other factors.6. For the investigation and analysis, the author puts forward corresponding countermeasures. Junior high school girls interested in improving the lack of physical status, not only from the student's own physical and psychological characteristics of. external factors need support, guidance, coordination between the two to meet.
引文
[1]张烨如何培养初中生的体育兴趣[J].科教文汇.2007(30)
[2]苏梅青.卢勤.浅谈学生体育兴趣的培养[J].山西师大体育学院学报.2004.4(35)
[3]续志红.浅谈体育教学中如何激发学生的运动兴趣[J].延安教育学院学报.2004.4(18)
[4]何鸿涛.初中生体育兴趣的调查研究[J].体育师友.2008..3
[5]顾久贤.谈如何培养学生的体育兴趣[J].机械职业教育.2004年第4期
[6]丁文武.培养学生对体育课的兴趣[J].北大附中深圳南山分校网博雅刊第二期
[7]罗士达.王立冲.如何培养中学生对体育的兴趣[J].体育成人教育
[8]裴涛.调动初中女生体育兴趣的初步探索[J].学科教学.2008.6
[9]叶条凤.我院新生体育课的兴趣现状调查和分析[J].广东水利电力职业技术学院学报.2004.3
[10]余丁友.对浙江省初中学生体育兴趣及其变化的调查研究[J].北京体育大学学报.2003,26(4)
[11]杨宇宏.浅谈体育教学中学生体育兴趣的培养[J].青海教育.2004.4年第1-2期
[12]卫洪斌.体育课激趣体会[J].雅安职业技术学院学报.2004.4(18).97-98
[13]杨国红.体育兴趣与培养[J].理论观察.2004.5
[14]叶钢.体育兴趣的激发与培养[J].陕西教育.2005.12
[15]尚立文.鼓励性语言在体育教学中的妙用[J].青海教育.2004年第1—2期
[16]刘平.不喜欢体育的中学生致因分析[J].天津体育学院学报
[17]邱远.试论我国学校体育教学的改造和整合[J].首都体育学院学报2003.12
[18]季浏等.中小学体育与健康的主要特征是什么[J].中国学校体育学2002.3
[19]刘瑞萍.辛建龙.多方面培养女学生对体育学习的兴趣[J].辽宁体育科技
[20]汤利军.浅论“学生喜欢体育,但不喜欢体育课”的现象[J].安徽体育科技.2003.9
[21]李延民.浅谈高中女生体育兴趣培养[J].科教文汇.2008.7
[22]马洪剑.浅谈如何解决初中学生对体育课兴趣不足的问题[J].贵州体育科技.2001.3
[23]李建春.学生缺乏“体育课热情”的主要原因分析及对策[J].江苏大学学报.2002.12
[24]常加杰.中小学生体质下降引起的思考.吉林体育学院学报[J].2006.22
[25]周华.浅谈体育教学与健康教育[J].广西中医学院学报.2004.2
[26]田雨普.独生子女体育研究[M].北京人民体育出版社
[27]毛振明.体育教学改革新视野[M].北京体育大学出版社
[28]崔雅玲.浅谈培养学生体育兴趣[J].体育教学.2001.5
[29]赵起超.中学生体育学习内容与学习兴趣的调查研究[J].教学与管理.2005.33
[30]何远辉.在体育教学中如何正确运用激励性评价[J].中国学校体育..2008.10
[31]胡宴.让学生感受运动的公平与快乐[J].中国学校体育.2008(9)
[32]惠志东.让女生找到体育课的快乐[J].中国学校体育.2008(8)
[33]环建平.让女生爱上体育课的关键之道[J].中国学校体育.2008(8)
[34]黄建萍.改善体育课堂教学有效性途径[J].中国学校体育.2008(12)
[35]朱训展.提升体育教学质量的有效手段[J].中国学校体育.2008(7)
[36]周坤.论体育教学中学习兴趣的激发.安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2002.9
[37]王升.李丽芳杜威与皮亚杰的主体参与思想析解[J].外国教育研究.2002.12
[38]罗纳德·科恩。心理测验与评估[J].北京：人民邮电出版社.2005
[39]Connie L Blakemore. Brain Research Strategies for Physical Educators. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance[J]. Jan 2004. Vol.75
[40]Buikstra, Elizabeth; Eley, Robert M.; Hindmarsh, Natalie. Informing rural and remote students about careers in health:Factors influencing career decisions [J]. Australian Journal of Rural Health, Oct2007, Vol. 15.
[41]Prithwi Raj Subramaniam. Unlocking the Power of Situational Interest in Physical Education[J]. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. Sep 2010. Vol.81
[42]Jennifer Fisette. Getting to Know Your Students. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. Sep 2010. Vol.81
[43]Elizabeth Domangue, Melinda Solmon. Motivational Responses to Fitness Testing by Award Status and Gender[J]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. Washington:Sep 2010. Vol.81
[2]苏梅青.卢勤.浅谈学生体育兴趣的培养[J].山西师大体育学院学报.2004.4(35)
[3]续志红.浅谈体育教学中如何激发学生的运动兴趣[J].延安教育学院学报.2004.4(18)
[4]何鸿涛.初中生体育兴趣的调查研究[J].体育师友.2008..3
[5]顾久贤.谈如何培养学生的体育兴趣[J].机械职业教育.2004年第4期
[6]丁文武.培养学生对体育课的兴趣[J].北大附中深圳南山分校网博雅刊第二期
[7]罗士达.王立冲.如何培养中学生对体育的兴趣[J].体育成人教育
[8]裴涛.调动初中女生体育兴趣的初步探索[J].学科教学.2008.6
[9]叶条凤.我院新生体育课的兴趣现状调查和分析[J].广东水利电力职业技术学院学报.2004.3
[10]余丁友.对浙江省初中学生体育兴趣及其变化的调查研究[J].北京体育大学学报.2003,26(4)
[11]杨宇宏.浅谈体育教学中学生体育兴趣的培养[J].青海教育.2004.4年第1-2期
[12]卫洪斌.体育课激趣体会[J].雅安职业技术学院学报.2004.4(18).97-98
[13]杨国红.体育兴趣与培养[J].理论观察.2004.5
[14]叶钢.体育兴趣的激发与培养[J].陕西教育.2005.12
[15]尚立文.鼓励性语言在体育教学中的妙用[J].青海教育.2004年第1—2期
[16]刘平.不喜欢体育的中学生致因分析[J].天津体育学院学报
[17]邱远.试论我国学校体育教学的改造和整合[J].首都体育学院学报2003.12
[18]季浏等.中小学体育与健康的主要特征是什么[J].中国学校体育学2002.3
[19]刘瑞萍.辛建龙.多方面培养女学生对体育学习的兴趣[J].辽宁体育科技
[20]汤利军.浅论“学生喜欢体育,但不喜欢体育课”的现象[J].安徽体育科技.2003.9
[21]李延民.浅谈高中女生体育兴趣培养[J].科教文汇.2008.7
[22]马洪剑.浅谈如何解决初中学生对体育课兴趣不足的问题[J].贵州体育科技.2001.3
[23]李建春.学生缺乏“体育课热情”的主要原因分析及对策[J].江苏大学学报.2002.12
[24]常加杰.中小学生体质下降引起的思考.吉林体育学院学报[J].2006.22
[25]周华.浅谈体育教学与健康教育[J].广西中医学院学报.2004.2
[26]田雨普.独生子女体育研究[M].北京人民体育出版社
[27]毛振明.体育教学改革新视野[M].北京体育大学出版社
[28]崔雅玲.浅谈培养学生体育兴趣[J].体育教学.2001.5
[29]赵起超.中学生体育学习内容与学习兴趣的调查研究[J].教学与管理.2005.33
[30]何远辉.在体育教学中如何正确运用激励性评价[J].中国学校体育..2008.10
[31]胡宴.让学生感受运动的公平与快乐[J].中国学校体育.2008(9)
[32]惠志东.让女生找到体育课的快乐[J].中国学校体育.2008(8)
[33]环建平.让女生爱上体育课的关键之道[J].中国学校体育.2008(8)
[34]黄建萍.改善体育课堂教学有效性途径[J].中国学校体育.2008(12)
[35]朱训展.提升体育教学质量的有效手段[J].中国学校体育.2008(7)
[36]周坤.论体育教学中学习兴趣的激发.安徽师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2002.9
[37]王升.李丽芳杜威与皮亚杰的主体参与思想析解[J].外国教育研究.2002.12
[38]罗纳德·科恩。心理测验与评估[J].北京：人民邮电出版社.2005
[39]Connie L Blakemore. Brain Research Strategies for Physical Educators. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance[J]. Jan 2004. Vol.75
[40]Buikstra, Elizabeth; Eley, Robert M.; Hindmarsh, Natalie. Informing rural and remote students about careers in health:Factors influencing career decisions [J]. Australian Journal of Rural Health, Oct2007, Vol. 15.
[41]Prithwi Raj Subramaniam. Unlocking the Power of Situational Interest in Physical Education[J]. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. Sep 2010. Vol.81
[42]Jennifer Fisette. Getting to Know Your Students. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance. Sep 2010. Vol.81
[43]Elizabeth Domangue, Melinda Solmon. Motivational Responses to Fitness Testing by Award Status and Gender[J]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. Washington:Sep 2010. Vol.81