中国东北地区泥盆纪沉积特征与岩相古地理研究
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摘要
本文通过对东北地区野外剖面观察和实测,及古生物的鉴定分析,结合以往区域地质资料,对东北西拉木伦缝合带以北,东经115。以东地区的岩石地层、生物地层进行了清理；并在新的地层框架内,对各沉积区沉积特征进行了分析,建立东北地区沉积体系格架；结合研究区内地层、沉积体系和构造运动阶段,划分出5个岩相古地理作图单元并作图,得出结论。
首先,在“活动论”思想的指导下,研究东北地区大地构造演化过程,区内从晚元古到晚古生代的构造演化过程,为中小板块拼合,统一的佳—蒙地块形成的过程,泥盆纪为佳木斯—松嫩—锡林浩特微板块向额尔古纳—兴安微板块俯冲的构造演化阶段。其次,结合区内剖面和古生物资料的分析,对区内泥盆纪地层进行多重划分与对比,再结合国际国内年代地层划分,确定五个岩相古地理作图单元：洛霍考夫—布拉格期、埃姆斯期、艾费尔期、吉维特期和弗拉—法门期。在此基础上分析区内地层剖面沉积相,并做出各主要剖面的沉积相图,建立东北地区泥盆纪沉积体系,分别为：贯穿整个泥盆纪的N—E兴安海区沉积,主要为浅海相、滨海相,黑龙宫裂陷槽早、中泥盆世海相沉积,南部陆缘海浅海碎屑岩相和碳酸盐台地相沉积,东部密山—宝清一带陆缘海碎屑岩、火山碎屑岩沉积。最后完成5幅岩相古地理编图。为首次按照5个作图单元完成的岩相古地理图。
In this paper, the sedimentary system framework of the Northeast China was builded by the observation and measurement of statigraphy section, and the identification and analysis of paleontology, combined with previous geological datas. The stratigraphy and biostratigraphy on the north of the Xilamulun suture zone and the east of the eastern longitude 115°have been cleared. Then, under the new statigraphic framework the sedimentary characteristic of all sedimentary province in northeast China was analysed, and the sedimentary system was founded. With the study of the stratigraphy, the sedimentary system and the tectonic movement, five lithofacies paleogeography mapping units were divided and drawed. Conclusion was obtained at last.
First, under the direction of "Tectonic activity theory" thought, the tectonic evolution of northeast China from the late Proterozoic to late Paleozoic tectonic evolution was studied. The process of the tectonic evolution in study area was the formation process of Jia-Meng block, which merged by five small blocks. Jiamusi-Songnen-Xilinhot microplate subducted in to the Argun-Xing'an micro-plate, which located in northwest in Devonian. Secondly, the Devonian stratigraphy in the study area was multiply classfied and correlated combining with the Rock strata section and biostratigraphy data. Then, five five lithofacies paleogeography mapping units were ascertained combining with domestic and international chronostratigraphic. They are the Lochkovian-Pragian, Emsian, Eifelian, Givetian and Frasnian-Famennian. The sedimentary facies of the stratigraphy section were analysed on the basis of these periods, following the sedimentary facies map of the main section in study area. The Devonian sedimentary system was founded in Northeast China. These included the N-E toward Xingan sea deposition area throughout the whole Devonian(the mainly facies was neritic facies and littoral facies), Heilongong taphrogenictrough in early and middle Devonian (marine deposits), the clastic rock facies and carbonate platform facies in the southern epicontinental sea, the clastic rock facies and pyroclastic rocks facies in Mishan-Baoqing stratigraphic area. Lastly, five lithofacies paleogeography maps were completed. It was the first time that Devonian was divided into five mapping units to draw the lithofacies paleogeography maps.
首先,在“活动论”思想的指导下,研究东北地区大地构造演化过程,区内从晚元古到晚古生代的构造演化过程,为中小板块拼合,统一的佳—蒙地块形成的过程,泥盆纪为佳木斯—松嫩—锡林浩特微板块向额尔古纳—兴安微板块俯冲的构造演化阶段。其次,结合区内剖面和古生物资料的分析,对区内泥盆纪地层进行多重划分与对比,再结合国际国内年代地层划分,确定五个岩相古地理作图单元：洛霍考夫—布拉格期、埃姆斯期、艾费尔期、吉维特期和弗拉—法门期。在此基础上分析区内地层剖面沉积相,并做出各主要剖面的沉积相图,建立东北地区泥盆纪沉积体系,分别为：贯穿整个泥盆纪的N—E兴安海区沉积,主要为浅海相、滨海相,黑龙宫裂陷槽早、中泥盆世海相沉积,南部陆缘海浅海碎屑岩相和碳酸盐台地相沉积,东部密山—宝清一带陆缘海碎屑岩、火山碎屑岩沉积。最后完成5幅岩相古地理编图。为首次按照5个作图单元完成的岩相古地理图。
In this paper, the sedimentary system framework of the Northeast China was builded by the observation and measurement of statigraphy section, and the identification and analysis of paleontology, combined with previous geological datas. The stratigraphy and biostratigraphy on the north of the Xilamulun suture zone and the east of the eastern longitude 115°have been cleared. Then, under the new statigraphic framework the sedimentary characteristic of all sedimentary province in northeast China was analysed, and the sedimentary system was founded. With the study of the stratigraphy, the sedimentary system and the tectonic movement, five lithofacies paleogeography mapping units were divided and drawed. Conclusion was obtained at last.
First, under the direction of "Tectonic activity theory" thought, the tectonic evolution of northeast China from the late Proterozoic to late Paleozoic tectonic evolution was studied. The process of the tectonic evolution in study area was the formation process of Jia-Meng block, which merged by five small blocks. Jiamusi-Songnen-Xilinhot microplate subducted in to the Argun-Xing'an micro-plate, which located in northwest in Devonian. Secondly, the Devonian stratigraphy in the study area was multiply classfied and correlated combining with the Rock strata section and biostratigraphy data. Then, five five lithofacies paleogeography mapping units were ascertained combining with domestic and international chronostratigraphic. They are the Lochkovian-Pragian, Emsian, Eifelian, Givetian and Frasnian-Famennian. The sedimentary facies of the stratigraphy section were analysed on the basis of these periods, following the sedimentary facies map of the main section in study area. The Devonian sedimentary system was founded in Northeast China. These included the N-E toward Xingan sea deposition area throughout the whole Devonian(the mainly facies was neritic facies and littoral facies), Heilongong taphrogenictrough in early and middle Devonian (marine deposits), the clastic rock facies and carbonate platform facies in the southern epicontinental sea, the clastic rock facies and pyroclastic rocks facies in Mishan-Baoqing stratigraphic area. Lastly, five lithofacies paleogeography maps were completed. It was the first time that Devonian was divided into five mapping units to draw the lithofacies paleogeography maps.
引文
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