注水作用下裂缝延伸轨迹研究
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摘要
尽管目前全三维、拟三维裂缝扩展模型发展较为全面,但多注重施工压力、压裂液粘度、支撑剂力学性能等对裂缝延伸轨迹的研究。本文通过对面积注水开发油田进行研究,建立了五点法井网水力压裂裂缝延伸控制模型,采用应力叠加的方法求解注水后的地应力场,在此应力场下用不连续位移法进行裂缝扩展计算,并编制了计算程序。利用该模型对注水井在不同注水量下裂缝延伸的影响规律进行了研究,从而可以通过调节注水井注水量的途径来控制水力压裂裂缝延伸长度和裂缝端点偏离初始启裂方向的距离,以达到提高水力压裂效果,使裂缝有效穿透剩余油区的目的。
Presently there is comprehensive development in full three-dimensional and pseudo three dimensional fracture propagation models, but it is too restrictive to simulate the fracture propagating track, most of which are focus on influences that are done by construction pressure, fracture fluid viscosity and proppant mechanical properties on hydraulic fracturing trace.In this paper, the developing pattern of water flooding is analyzed, by which the control model of hydraulic fracture propagation is built in five-point well network. In-situ stress field after injecting is computed by method of superimposed stresses. In this stress field, fracture propagating calculation is done with Displacement Discontinuity Method, theory, and computational procedure is programmed. The model is used to study the regulation of fracture propagation in oil well with different water-flooding rate. And then both the hydraulic fracture trace length and the fracture endpoint deviating distance can be controlled by regulating the injection rate. The hydraulic fracturing effect is enhanced, and the fracture is smoothly penetrating the residual oil pool.
Presently there is comprehensive development in full three-dimensional and pseudo three dimensional fracture propagation models, but it is too restrictive to simulate the fracture propagating track, most of which are focus on influences that are done by construction pressure, fracture fluid viscosity and proppant mechanical properties on hydraulic fracturing trace.In this paper, the developing pattern of water flooding is analyzed, by which the control model of hydraulic fracture propagation is built in five-point well network. In-situ stress field after injecting is computed by method of superimposed stresses. In this stress field, fracture propagating calculation is done with Displacement Discontinuity Method, theory, and computational procedure is programmed. The model is used to study the regulation of fracture propagation in oil well with different water-flooding rate. And then both the hydraulic fracture trace length and the fracture endpoint deviating distance can be controlled by regulating the injection rate. The hydraulic fracturing effect is enhanced, and the fracture is smoothly penetrating the residual oil pool.
引文
[1]李勇明,赵金洲,郭建春.考虑裂缝压降的裂缝三维延伸数值模拟[J].钻采工艺,2001(1),34~37.
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[3] Advani S H. Lee J K. Hydraulic fracture geometry modeling prediction and comparisions[J]. SPE/DOE 13863,1984.
[4]李新宝,杨全疆,刘玉民等.对水力压裂裂缝延伸方向平行于断层的认识[J].内蒙古石油化工,29:152~159.
[5]李建勋,张跃武,罗天雨.水力压裂裂缝转向摩阻计算模型研究及应用[J].科技咨询导报,2007,30.
[6]张广清,陈勉.水平井水力裂缝非平面扩展研究[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):96~101.
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[12]李传亮,孔祥言,徐献芝等.多孔介质的双重有效应力[J].自然杂志. 21(5):288~292.
[13]李传亮.多孔介质的应力关系方程[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(2):164.
[14]徐小荷,徐曾和.二维应力场下承压地层中渗流的液固耦合问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,18(6):645~650.
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[16]徐曾和,章子霞.定量开采条件下径向渗流的液固耦合问题[J].应用力学学报,2004,21(2).
[17]陈要辉,阎铁,毕雪亮.油藏斜井三维势分布理论研究[J].石油学报.2003,24(3):90~93
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[20]蒋宏伟,翟应虎,刘德铸.损伤力学在粗面岩水力压裂裂缝延伸机理研究中的应用[J].石油钻采工艺.2007,29(1):44~53.
[21]张广清,陈勉.水平井水力裂缝非平面扩展研究[J].石油学报.2005,26(3):96~101.
[22]李哲,杨兆中,李小刚.水力压裂模型的改进及其算法更新研究[J].天然气工业,2005,88~92.
[23]王立军,吕波,吴锋,邵振军,杨敏.注水井地层破裂压力预测方法及应用[J],大庆石油学院学报,2004,5(3):20~23.
[24]赵益忠,曲连忠,王幸尊等.不同岩性地层水力压裂裂缝扩展规律的模拟实验[J].中国石油大学学报,2007,31(3):64~66.
[25]陈治喜,陈勉,黄荣蹲,沈忠厚.层状介质中水力裂缝的垂向扩展[J].石油大学学报,1997,21 (4)24~32.
[26]姚飞.水力裂缝延伸过程中的岩石断裂韧性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2347~2350.
[27]闫相桥,叶建海.复合型裂纹疲劳扩展的新准则[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004,36(12):1628~1630.
[28]董伟,吴智敏,郑长良.混凝土I一II复合型裂纹断裂准则研究方法概述[J].力学与实践,2006,28(6):10~14.
[29]邓宗才,卢云斌,李宗利等.混凝土复合型裂缝最大拉应变断裂准则[J].西北农业大学学报,1999,27(1):44~46.
[30]刘迎香,赵宇新,杨永平等.重复压裂裂缝延伸模拟实验研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(1):92~93
[31]周伟江,王生楠.ANSYS在计算三维动态应力强度因子中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2007,7 (9):1845~1853.
[32]李述清,关正西.动态J积分及Rice J积分一致性比较与分析[J].应用力学学报,2007,24(2):259~262.
[33]杨庆生,孙艳丰.裂纹扩展过程的数值模拟[J].铁道学报,1997,19(5):116~120.
[34]贾超,张树壮,三维裂纹扩展仿真[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(12):3399~3402.
[35]张广清,陈勉,杨小远.裂纹宽度对岩石断裂韧性测试结果的影响[J].石油大学学报,2002,26(6):43~45.
[36]郭勇,蔚夺魁,王相平,刘岩飞.裂纹尖端应力强度因子计算方法的工程应用研究[J].航空发动机,2007,33(3):25~27.
[37]焦玉勇,张秀丽,刘泉声,陈卫忠.用非连续变形分析方法模拟岩石裂纹扩展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):683~690.
[38]夏小和,黄醒春,王建华.顾隽超用DDM实现弹性体裂纹演化的动态跟踪[J].地下空间,2002,22(4):325~328.
[39]夏小和,黄醒春,李波,沈为平.穿层锚杆作用效果的DDM数值建模及分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2001,35(4):500~526.
[2] Morales R H. Microcomputer analysis of hytrolic fracture behavoir using a quasi 3D simulator[J]. SPE 15305,1986.
[3] Advani S H. Lee J K. Hydraulic fracture geometry modeling prediction and comparisions[J]. SPE/DOE 13863,1984.
[4]李新宝,杨全疆,刘玉民等.对水力压裂裂缝延伸方向平行于断层的认识[J].内蒙古石油化工,29:152~159.
[5]李建勋,张跃武,罗天雨.水力压裂裂缝转向摩阻计算模型研究及应用[J].科技咨询导报,2007,30.
[6]张广清,陈勉.水平井水力裂缝非平面扩展研究[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):96~101.
[7]姚约东,葛家理,何顺利.水平井五点井网产能计算研究[J].石油大学学报,1999,23(3):41~43.
[8]尹中民,武强,刘建军,杨春和.注水井泄压对井壁围岩应力场的影响[J].岩体力学,2004,25(3):364~368.
[9]赵春森,翟云芳,曹乐陶等.水平井五点法矩形井网的产能计算及其优化[J].大庆石油学院学报,2000,23(3):22~25
[10]白矛,刘天泉.孔隙裂缝弹性理论及应用导论[M].石油工业出版社,11~12
[11]王伯军,张士诚,张劲等.考虑注采关系的三维地应力场数值模拟研究[J].西南石油学院学报. 2006,28(6):33~35.
[12]李传亮,孔祥言,徐献芝等.多孔介质的双重有效应力[J].自然杂志. 21(5):288~292.
[13]李传亮.多孔介质的应力关系方程[J].新疆石油地质,2002,23(2):164.
[14]徐小荷,徐曾和.二维应力场下承压地层中渗流的液固耦合问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报,18(6):645~650.
[15]李培超,孔祥言,李传亮,徐献芝.地下各种压力之间关系式的修正[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(10):1552~1553.
[16]徐曾和,章子霞.定量开采条件下径向渗流的液固耦合问题[J].应用力学学报,2004,21(2).
[17]陈要辉,阎铁,毕雪亮.油藏斜井三维势分布理论研究[J].石油学报.2003,24(3):90~93
[18]万小迅.人工压裂后压降曲线分析[D].大庆石油学院工学硕士.2005:28~30
[19]张焕智.干扰井群相关分析计算原理与应用[J].世界地质.1999,18(3):67~71.
[20]蒋宏伟,翟应虎,刘德铸.损伤力学在粗面岩水力压裂裂缝延伸机理研究中的应用[J].石油钻采工艺.2007,29(1):44~53.
[21]张广清,陈勉.水平井水力裂缝非平面扩展研究[J].石油学报.2005,26(3):96~101.
[22]李哲,杨兆中,李小刚.水力压裂模型的改进及其算法更新研究[J].天然气工业,2005,88~92.
[23]王立军,吕波,吴锋,邵振军,杨敏.注水井地层破裂压力预测方法及应用[J],大庆石油学院学报,2004,5(3):20~23.
[24]赵益忠,曲连忠,王幸尊等.不同岩性地层水力压裂裂缝扩展规律的模拟实验[J].中国石油大学学报,2007,31(3):64~66.
[25]陈治喜,陈勉,黄荣蹲,沈忠厚.层状介质中水力裂缝的垂向扩展[J].石油大学学报,1997,21 (4)24~32.
[26]姚飞.水力裂缝延伸过程中的岩石断裂韧性[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(14):2347~2350.
[27]闫相桥,叶建海.复合型裂纹疲劳扩展的新准则[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2004,36(12):1628~1630.
[28]董伟,吴智敏,郑长良.混凝土I一II复合型裂纹断裂准则研究方法概述[J].力学与实践,2006,28(6):10~14.
[29]邓宗才,卢云斌,李宗利等.混凝土复合型裂缝最大拉应变断裂准则[J].西北农业大学学报,1999,27(1):44~46.
[30]刘迎香,赵宇新,杨永平等.重复压裂裂缝延伸模拟实验研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(1):92~93
[31]周伟江,王生楠.ANSYS在计算三维动态应力强度因子中的应用[J].科学技术与工程,2007,7 (9):1845~1853.
[32]李述清,关正西.动态J积分及Rice J积分一致性比较与分析[J].应用力学学报,2007,24(2):259~262.
[33]杨庆生,孙艳丰.裂纹扩展过程的数值模拟[J].铁道学报,1997,19(5):116~120.
[34]贾超,张树壮,三维裂纹扩展仿真[J].系统仿真学报,2006,18(12):3399~3402.
[35]张广清,陈勉,杨小远.裂纹宽度对岩石断裂韧性测试结果的影响[J].石油大学学报,2002,26(6):43~45.
[36]郭勇,蔚夺魁,王相平,刘岩飞.裂纹尖端应力强度因子计算方法的工程应用研究[J].航空发动机,2007,33(3):25~27.
[37]焦玉勇,张秀丽,刘泉声,陈卫忠.用非连续变形分析方法模拟岩石裂纹扩展[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(4):683~690.
[38]夏小和,黄醒春,王建华.顾隽超用DDM实现弹性体裂纹演化的动态跟踪[J].地下空间,2002,22(4):325~328.
[39]夏小和,黄醒春,李波,沈为平.穿层锚杆作用效果的DDM数值建模及分析[J].上海交通大学学报,2001,35(4):500~526.