不规则边角煤块段机械化开采理论与实践研究
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摘要
生产矿井到中后期会出现大量的残留边角煤块段,回采这些边角煤块段对提高矿井回采率、延长矿井服务年限具有重要意义。由于边角煤块段具有形状不规整、煤厚不稳定及周围采空的特殊性,一般难以实现机械化开采,论文以实现边角煤块段安全高效机械化开采为研究目的,综合采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场实测的研究方法,对不规则边角煤块段机械化开采理论与实践进行系统研究,取得主要创新成果如下:
(1)采用模糊综合评价方法,选取9个一级指标、17个二级指标,通过构造隶属函数、确定合理的权重系数,建立了不规则边角煤块段开采的地质条件评价模型,并对西山煤电公司西曲煤矿38个边角煤块段以及镇城底煤矿3个块段地质条件进行评价,依据评价值对边角煤块段适合的开采方法进行分类,西曲煤矿适合综采、连采、高档普采的比例分别为71%、16%、13%。
(2)根据效益-费用分析法原理,在分析煤炭资源价值构成的基础上,建立了不规则边角煤块段经济可采性评价模型: Pi-Ci-OC-[M CC+( f_1*ECC_1+f_2*ECC_2)]
将评价结果作为边角煤块段是否具有开采价值的依据,并结合地质条件综合评价结果,确定边角煤块段的合理开采工艺系统。
(3)建立了不规则边角煤块段开采围岩结构力学模型,分析了老顶断裂线位置对工作面矿压的影响规律;采用ANSYS和FLAC3D数值模拟软件,对实体煤巷道、沿空掘巷、沿空留巷三种典型边角煤块段工作面巷道的应力、位移场特征进行了数值模拟,揭示了不规则边角煤开采的围岩活动规律。
(4)以西山矿区不规则边角煤块段开采为例,系统研究了变长、调斜、连采等三种典型不规则边角煤块段机械化开采方法与关键技术,工程实践取得了显著的经济效益,初步形成了不规则边角煤块段机械化开采的理论与实用技术体系。该论文有图82幅,表39个,参考文献108篇。
A large number of residual marginal coal segments have been emerging during the late-mid period in the producing mines, the extraction of these sections has great significance for increasing the mine recovery rate and prolonging the mine service-life. Mechanized mining technology is always difficult to be employed in the marginal coal segments because of the irregular shape, unstable coal thickness and surrounding with mined out space. This thesis is aimed at the study of safe and efficient mechanized mining in the marginal coal segments, and comprehensive methods involve theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement were adopted to systematically research the theory and practice of the mechanized mining in the irregular marginal coal segments. Main innovation achievements are listed as follows:
(1) Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Method was applied to establish a geological conditions evaluation model of the irregular marginal coal segments, 9 one-class indexes and 17 secondary indexes were selected, subordinate function and reasonable weighting coefficient were determinated in the evaluation method respectively. In addition, the geological conditions of the 38 marginal coal segments in Xiqu Coal Mine were evaluated, according to the evaluation, the suitable mining methods were classified, and the proportion of the fully mechanized mining, the continuous mining and the high-grade conventional mining was 71%, 16% and 13%, respectively.
(2) Based on the analysis of coal resources value structure, the benefit-cost principle was adopted to build an economic recoverable evaluation model of the irregular marginal coal segments as follows: P~i - C~i-OC-[M CC+( f_1*ECC_1+f_2*ECC_2)]
Evaluation results were assessed as the basis of whether the marginal coal segments have the exploration value or not, and combined with the comprehensive evaluation results of the geological conditions, the reasonable mining technology and system layout of the marginal coal segments were determined.
(3) Surrounding rock mechanics model for the marginal coal segments mining was established, and the influence law of the main roof break line position affecting on the mining face pressure was analyzed, too. ANSYS and FLAC3D numerical simulation softwares were applied to analyze the stress and displacement field characteristics in three typical roadways in the marginal coal segments mining face: roadway with entity coal pillar, roadway excavated in the condition of one-side is entity pillar one-side is goaf, and roadway left along goaf. Consequently, the surrounding rock mechanics of the marginal coal segments mining were revealed.
(4) Take the marginal coal segments mining in Xishan coal mining area as an example, the mining methods were selected according to the comprehensive evaluation value of the irregular marginal coal segments geological conditions, three typical irregular marginal coal segments mechanized mining design methods and key technologies: variational length, adjustable inclined and continuous mining were systematic studied. The engineering practice has obtained notable economic benefits, and initially formed mechanized mining technology system in the irregular marginal coal segments. The research achievements will provide some significant models and references for the safe and efficient mechanized mining in the marginal coal segments with similar conditions.
This thesis contains 82 figures, 39 tables and 108 references.
(1)采用模糊综合评价方法,选取9个一级指标、17个二级指标,通过构造隶属函数、确定合理的权重系数,建立了不规则边角煤块段开采的地质条件评价模型,并对西山煤电公司西曲煤矿38个边角煤块段以及镇城底煤矿3个块段地质条件进行评价,依据评价值对边角煤块段适合的开采方法进行分类,西曲煤矿适合综采、连采、高档普采的比例分别为71%、16%、13%。
(2)根据效益-费用分析法原理,在分析煤炭资源价值构成的基础上,建立了不规则边角煤块段经济可采性评价模型: Pi-Ci-OC-[M CC+( f_1*ECC_1+f_2*ECC_2)]
将评价结果作为边角煤块段是否具有开采价值的依据,并结合地质条件综合评价结果,确定边角煤块段的合理开采工艺系统。
(3)建立了不规则边角煤块段开采围岩结构力学模型,分析了老顶断裂线位置对工作面矿压的影响规律;采用ANSYS和FLAC3D数值模拟软件,对实体煤巷道、沿空掘巷、沿空留巷三种典型边角煤块段工作面巷道的应力、位移场特征进行了数值模拟,揭示了不规则边角煤开采的围岩活动规律。
(4)以西山矿区不规则边角煤块段开采为例,系统研究了变长、调斜、连采等三种典型不规则边角煤块段机械化开采方法与关键技术,工程实践取得了显著的经济效益,初步形成了不规则边角煤块段机械化开采的理论与实用技术体系。该论文有图82幅,表39个,参考文献108篇。
A large number of residual marginal coal segments have been emerging during the late-mid period in the producing mines, the extraction of these sections has great significance for increasing the mine recovery rate and prolonging the mine service-life. Mechanized mining technology is always difficult to be employed in the marginal coal segments because of the irregular shape, unstable coal thickness and surrounding with mined out space. This thesis is aimed at the study of safe and efficient mechanized mining in the marginal coal segments, and comprehensive methods involve theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field measurement were adopted to systematically research the theory and practice of the mechanized mining in the irregular marginal coal segments. Main innovation achievements are listed as follows:
(1) Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Method was applied to establish a geological conditions evaluation model of the irregular marginal coal segments, 9 one-class indexes and 17 secondary indexes were selected, subordinate function and reasonable weighting coefficient were determinated in the evaluation method respectively. In addition, the geological conditions of the 38 marginal coal segments in Xiqu Coal Mine were evaluated, according to the evaluation, the suitable mining methods were classified, and the proportion of the fully mechanized mining, the continuous mining and the high-grade conventional mining was 71%, 16% and 13%, respectively.
(2) Based on the analysis of coal resources value structure, the benefit-cost principle was adopted to build an economic recoverable evaluation model of the irregular marginal coal segments as follows: P~i - C~i-OC-[M CC+( f_1*ECC_1+f_2*ECC_2)]
Evaluation results were assessed as the basis of whether the marginal coal segments have the exploration value or not, and combined with the comprehensive evaluation results of the geological conditions, the reasonable mining technology and system layout of the marginal coal segments were determined.
(3) Surrounding rock mechanics model for the marginal coal segments mining was established, and the influence law of the main roof break line position affecting on the mining face pressure was analyzed, too. ANSYS and FLAC3D numerical simulation softwares were applied to analyze the stress and displacement field characteristics in three typical roadways in the marginal coal segments mining face: roadway with entity coal pillar, roadway excavated in the condition of one-side is entity pillar one-side is goaf, and roadway left along goaf. Consequently, the surrounding rock mechanics of the marginal coal segments mining were revealed.
(4) Take the marginal coal segments mining in Xishan coal mining area as an example, the mining methods were selected according to the comprehensive evaluation value of the irregular marginal coal segments geological conditions, three typical irregular marginal coal segments mechanized mining design methods and key technologies: variational length, adjustable inclined and continuous mining were systematic studied. The engineering practice has obtained notable economic benefits, and initially formed mechanized mining technology system in the irregular marginal coal segments. The research achievements will provide some significant models and references for the safe and efficient mechanized mining in the marginal coal segments with similar conditions.
This thesis contains 82 figures, 39 tables and 108 references.
引文
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