受下部多次采动影响煤层上行开采可行性研究
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摘要
针对上部煤层受下部多次采动影响的实际情况,利用理论分析、相似材料、数值模拟、井下探测等技术手段,在充分研究上行开采机理、覆岩空间运动规律、上行开采时空关系及影响因素的基础上,总结了“三带”判别法、比值判别法和围岩平衡法等上位煤层上行开采的可行性判定理论,从工作面采净程度和下部各煤层开采的时间间隔上进行了分析,从理论上确定了上行开采的判据及控制对策；然后对下部煤层开采后覆岩运移规律、裂隙带发育高度及其集中应力分布进行了模拟研究,获得了上行开采覆岩运动、结构状态及应力分布演化规律,在此基础上,结合5500采区地质条件,为深入探究下部煤层开采后裂隙带的发育高度,采用钻孔勘探的方法,通过钻孔岩芯破碎程度、钻孔漏水情况和钻孔电视三种方法综合判断下位煤层开采后裂隙带发育高度。综合三种判断方法的结果,上部5煤层位于下部煤层多次采动后的裂隙带之上,即处于弯曲下沉带之内。为了进一步摸清上煤层受下部煤层开采影响后的赋存状况,又进行了探巷观测,探测了上部煤层及其顶板、底板的变形破坏情况。探测结果表明,上煤层及顶、底板略有起伏外,煤岩层的整体性、支承压力分布等没有表现异常,安全开采上部5煤层是可行的。
在上行开采理论分析、模拟研究与现场实测的基础上,基于试采工作面地质及开采技术条件,对工作面的开采工艺过程进行了优化,利用矿山压力和岩体力学理论对工作面需控岩层范围、直接顶的初次垮落和老顶的初、周期来压步距进行了计算分析,并对该工作面合理的支护密度进行了计算,为试采工作面顺利推进奠定了基础。
研究受采动影响煤层上行开采技术,有利于增加矿井产量,延长服务年限,具有显著的社会经济效益。上部煤层上行开采的尝试,不仅可以丰富上行开采的基础理论,同时可以提高煤炭采出率,具有重要的理论研究价值与现实意义。
According to the actual situation of repeat mining influence below upside coal seam, after studying fully ascending mining mechanism, spatial structure of the cover rock movement rules, relationship of asceding mining between time and space and its influencing factors, summarying the feasibility judging method of ascending mining of upper coal seam judged by adopting the "three zones", ratio criterion judging method. surrounding rock balance method, And analyzing from the face clean degree and the time interval of lower the mining coal seam mining, and fracture zones advancing height and concentrated stress distribution of the lower coal mining was simulated, In order to test fracture zones of growth altitude after the lower seven and eight coal seam mining, using drilling method, fracture zones growth altitude judged through three methods of borehole core broken degree, drilling slack circumstance and borehole television coal seam mining. Comprehensive three judgment method, upside coal seam mining locates above fracture zones of the lower coal seams, namely in bending sinking belt.In order to further understanding influence condition after the lower coal seam exploitation, and again made exploration at panel, explore the deformation and failure of the roof and floor of the upside coal seam. Detection results show that the roof and floor of upside coal seam downs slightly, coal and strata integrity, abutment pressure distribution etc, no exceptional, safely mining upside coal seam is feasible.
According to the geological and the production technical conditions of mining face, and work face mining process is optimized, through mine pressure and rock mechanics control strata scope of working face and the direct roof collapsed for the first falling and the beginning and periodic pressure distance of the old roof are calculated and analyzed, and the mining reasonable supporting density was calculated.
Researching on the thin seam upward mining key technology of close repeat disequilibrium mining influence is helpful for mine production increasing, prolonging service life, having the remarkable social and economic benefits. Attempting of 5 coal ascending mining, can not only enrich the ascending mining theory, and improve coal recovery rate, own important theoretic value and practical significance.
在上行开采理论分析、模拟研究与现场实测的基础上,基于试采工作面地质及开采技术条件,对工作面的开采工艺过程进行了优化,利用矿山压力和岩体力学理论对工作面需控岩层范围、直接顶的初次垮落和老顶的初、周期来压步距进行了计算分析,并对该工作面合理的支护密度进行了计算,为试采工作面顺利推进奠定了基础。
研究受采动影响煤层上行开采技术,有利于增加矿井产量,延长服务年限,具有显著的社会经济效益。上部煤层上行开采的尝试,不仅可以丰富上行开采的基础理论,同时可以提高煤炭采出率,具有重要的理论研究价值与现实意义。
According to the actual situation of repeat mining influence below upside coal seam, after studying fully ascending mining mechanism, spatial structure of the cover rock movement rules, relationship of asceding mining between time and space and its influencing factors, summarying the feasibility judging method of ascending mining of upper coal seam judged by adopting the "three zones", ratio criterion judging method. surrounding rock balance method, And analyzing from the face clean degree and the time interval of lower the mining coal seam mining, and fracture zones advancing height and concentrated stress distribution of the lower coal mining was simulated, In order to test fracture zones of growth altitude after the lower seven and eight coal seam mining, using drilling method, fracture zones growth altitude judged through three methods of borehole core broken degree, drilling slack circumstance and borehole television coal seam mining. Comprehensive three judgment method, upside coal seam mining locates above fracture zones of the lower coal seams, namely in bending sinking belt.In order to further understanding influence condition after the lower coal seam exploitation, and again made exploration at panel, explore the deformation and failure of the roof and floor of the upside coal seam. Detection results show that the roof and floor of upside coal seam downs slightly, coal and strata integrity, abutment pressure distribution etc, no exceptional, safely mining upside coal seam is feasible.
According to the geological and the production technical conditions of mining face, and work face mining process is optimized, through mine pressure and rock mechanics control strata scope of working face and the direct roof collapsed for the first falling and the beginning and periodic pressure distance of the old roof are calculated and analyzed, and the mining reasonable supporting density was calculated.
Researching on the thin seam upward mining key technology of close repeat disequilibrium mining influence is helpful for mine production increasing, prolonging service life, having the remarkable social and economic benefits. Attempting of 5 coal ascending mining, can not only enrich the ascending mining theory, and improve coal recovery rate, own important theoretic value and practical significance.
引文
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4.杜计平,汪理全.煤矿特殊开采方法[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2003.
5.陈勇,王红胜,郭念波等.厚煤层上行开采放顶煤技术研究与应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2009,6：9-12.
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7.汪理全.孔庄矿上行开采的观测与研究[M].徐州：中国矿业学院出版社,1981.
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10.雷明辉.煤层群开采程序的研究[D].泰安：山东矿业学院,1988.
11.汪理全.煤层(群)上行开采技术[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社,1995.
12.汪理全,李中颃.平四矿开采方案的优化[J].中国矿业学院学报,1995(2).
13.黄庆享.近距煤层上行开采底板稳定性分析[J].西安矿业学院学报,1996(12).
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15.黄庆享,苏普正,何万盈.特殊条件下近距离煤层上行开采研究[J].陕西煤炭技术,1996.
16姜领发.深井倾斜近距离煤层上行开采可行性研究[D].泰安：山东科技大学,2002.
17闻敢年.庞庄煤矿张小楼井深部上行开采的可行性分析[J].煤炭科技,2003(1).
18.田昌栋.倾斜近距离煤层工作面上行开采的实践应用[J].山东煤炭科技,2002(S).
19.TangC A.NumericalSimulation ofProgressiveRock Failure andAssociated Seismicity [J]. Int·J·RockMech. Minsc.i,1997(2).
20.钱鸣高,石平五.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州：中国矿业大学出版社,2003.
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24.蒋金泉.采场围岩应力与运动[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1993.
25.FengGuoru,i WangXianxia, Kang Lixun. A probe into"mining technique in the condition of floor failure"for coal seam a-bove longwall goafs [J]. Journal ofCoalScience& Engineering (China),2008,14 (1):19-23.
26.ChengGenming. Specialminingmethod in coalmine [M]. Taiyuan:ShanxiColleges andUniversitiesUnited Press,1994.
27.Xu Jialin, Qian Minggao. Method to distinguish key strata in overburden [J]. Journal of China University ofMinging&Technology,2000,29 (5):463-467.
28. QianMinggao, ShiPingwu. Underground pressure and strata control [M]. Xuzhou: ChinaUniversity ofMining and Tech-nology Press,2003.
29.康立勋,翟英达.块体结构岩体中的应力传递与采场基本顶结构载荷计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(10):1 720-1 723.
30.Britton S G. Miningmultiple seams [J]. CoalMining& Processing,1980,17 (12):64-66.
31.SuW H, Peng S S, Hsiung SM. Interactions inmultiple-seam mining [J]. Soc. ofMining Engineers,1986:31-44.
32.Dunham R K, Stace R L. Interaction problems in multiseam mining [A].19th US Symposium on RockMechanics [C].Stateline, Nevada,1978:174-179.
33.Kripakov NP,BeckettLA,DonatoDA. Loading on undergroundmining structures influenced bymultiple seam interaction[R]. Soc. ofMining Engineers ofAIME,1986:225-236.
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