航运联盟下的集装箱运输路径选择研究
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摘要
集装箱运输经过近五十年的发展，在经营理论、运营技术各方面都发生了巨大的变化。尤其在竞争日益激烈的今天，班轮公司之间不仅有竞争，而且纷纷开展合作，联营、兼并频繁发生。各班轮公司不管规模大小，都向全球承运人方向发展，运输的线路也由原先的线状变为网络状。不同的运输线路所产生的成本也不相同，对每个集装箱选择合理的路线，可以使班轮公司的运输系统成本最低。
本文首先分析了班轮航线的特点、变化现状，然后运用系统分析的方法，研究运输网络的整体最优。结合集装箱运输具体的特性，构造了一整体最优情况下，各集装箱路径选择的模型。并通过一个具体的算例来验证该模型的正确性，并进行了相应的敏感性分析。对班轮公司的日常经营调度，航线规划等有较大的参考意义。
After nearly fifty years development, Container transportation has witnessed great changes on the management theories and operating methods. Today there are not only keen competition but also frequent cooperation, merger and joint operation between liner shipping companies. All these companies, large or small, are developing towards global carriers with the transportation route being changed from line to network. Since the cost varies depending on the different transportation routes, the rational choice of each container can reduce the cost of a liner shipping company's transportation system to the minimum.
This thesis first gives an analysis of the characteristics of liner shipping route and changing state, and then studies the system optimization of transportation network by adopting the method of system analysis. In combining with the concrete characteristics of container, A model of the route option of all containers transport, A specific algorithm is also given to check the validity of this model, followed by related sensitive analysis. This model is certainly much valuable for liner shipping companies to the daily management, dispatch and route planning.
Wu Wenyi (Transportation planning & Management) Directed by Professor Yang zhigang
本文首先分析了班轮航线的特点、变化现状，然后运用系统分析的方法，研究运输网络的整体最优。结合集装箱运输具体的特性，构造了一整体最优情况下，各集装箱路径选择的模型。并通过一个具体的算例来验证该模型的正确性，并进行了相应的敏感性分析。对班轮公司的日常经营调度，航线规划等有较大的参考意义。
After nearly fifty years development, Container transportation has witnessed great changes on the management theories and operating methods. Today there are not only keen competition but also frequent cooperation, merger and joint operation between liner shipping companies. All these companies, large or small, are developing towards global carriers with the transportation route being changed from line to network. Since the cost varies depending on the different transportation routes, the rational choice of each container can reduce the cost of a liner shipping company's transportation system to the minimum.
This thesis first gives an analysis of the characteristics of liner shipping route and changing state, and then studies the system optimization of transportation network by adopting the method of system analysis. In combining with the concrete characteristics of container, A model of the route option of all containers transport, A specific algorithm is also given to check the validity of this model, followed by related sensitive analysis. This model is certainly much valuable for liner shipping companies to the daily management, dispatch and route planning.
Wu Wenyi (Transportation planning & Management) Directed by Professor Yang zhigang
引文
[1] 杨志刚 国际集装箱运输实务[M]人民交通出版社 1998
[2] 谢新连 船舶调度与船队规划方法[M]人民交通出版社 2000
[3] 蔡庆麟，胡玉奎，李荣萱 水运运输系统分析[M] 人民交通出版社 1991
[4] 吴长仲 航运管理[M] 大连海事大学出版社 1992
[5] 钱颂迪等 运筹学[M] 清华大学出版社 1990
[6] 田丰 马仲蕃 图与网络流理论[M] 科学出版社 1987
[7] 赵刚 林国龙 国际航运管理[M] 人民交通出版社 1997
[8] 施欣 交通运输系统决策理论方法与应用 [M] 兰州大学出版社 1995
[9] 施欣 水运企业现代管理理论方法与应用[M] 人民交通出版社 2000
[10] 毛侠 远洋船队经营管理[M] 中国城市经济社会出版社 1990
[11] J．O．詹森，O．什尼尔森 班轮运输经济学[M] 中国远洋运输总公司内部资料
[12] 格罗莫沃伊 海运计划和管理的数学方法及其模型 [M] 人民交通出版社 1987
[13] 张国伍 交通运输系统分析[M] 西南交通大学出版社 1991
[14] 刘灿齐 现代交通规划学 [M] 人民交通出版社 2001
[15] 张建中，许绍吉 线性规划 [M] 科学出版社 2002
[16] W. M. Bremer and A. N. Perakis, An operational tanker scheduling optimization system: Model implementation, results and possible extensions, Maritime Policy and Management 19(3), 189-199 (1992).
[17] S-C. Cho and A. N. Perakis, An improved formulation for bulk cargo ship scheduling with a single loading port, Maritime Policy and Management 28(4), 339-345 (2001).
[18] S-C. Cho and A. N. Perakis, Optimal liner fleet routeing strategies, Maritime Policy and Management 23(3), 249-259 (1996).
[19] A. Imai and F. Rivera Strategic fleet size planning for maritime refrigerated containers, Maritime Policy and Management 28(4), 361-374 (2001).
[20] D. I. Jaramillo and A. N. Perakis, Fleet deployment optimization for liner
shipping Part 2. Implementation and results, Maritime Policy and Management 18(4), 235-262 (1991).
[21] N. Perakis and W. M. Bremer, An operational tanker scheduling optimization system, Background, current practice and model, formulation, Maritime Policy and Management 19(3), 177-187 (1992).
[22] A. N. Perakis and D. I. Jaramillo, Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping Part 1. Background, problem formulation and solution approaches, Maritime Policy and Management 18(3), 183-200 (1991).
[23] B. J. Powell and A. N. Perakis, Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping: an integer programming model, Maritime Policy and Management 1997, 24(2), 183-192
[24] Benford, H. A simple approach to fleet deployment, Maritime Policy and Management,1981,Vol. 8, No. 4, 223～228
[25] Bremer, W. M. & A.N. Perakis An operational tanker scheduling optimization system: model implementation, results and possible extensions, Maritime Policy and Management, 1992, Vol. 19, No. 3, 189～199
[26] Jaramillo, D. I. &A. N. Perakis Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping Part 2: Implementation and results, Maritime Policy and Management, 1991,Vol. 18, No. 3, 235～262
[27] Perakis, A. N. A second look at fleet deployment ,Maritime Policy and Management, 1985, Vol. 12, No. 3, 209～214
[28] Perakis, A. N. & N. Papadakis Fleet deployment optimization models. Part 1, Maritime Policy and Management, 1987, Vol. 14, No. 2, 127～144
[29] Perakis, A. N. & N. Papadakis Fleet deployment optimization models. Part 2 Maritime Policy and Management, 1987, Vol. 14, No. 2, 145～155
[30] Evrard M. Claessens OPtimization Procedures in Maritime Fleet Management Maritime Policy and Management 1987,Vol. 14
[31] Krishan Rana R. G. Vickson Routing Container Ships Using Lagrangean Reiaxation and Decomposition Transportation Science, 1991, Vol. 25
[32] Krishan Rana, R. G. Vickson A Model and Solution for optimal Routing of A Time—chartered Containership Transportation Science, 1990
Vol.24
[33] 钟铭 谢新连 田强 实用航线配船和船队规划软件包[J] 大连海事大学学报 1997，23(4)
[34] 赵刚 班轮航线配船模型的分析与改进[J] 系统工程学报 1997，12(1)
[35] 王松文 中转路径管理在船公司经营活动中的重要性[J] 集装箱化 2002，9
[36] 徐天芳 船舶运输现代化管理的研究[J] 大连海运学院学报 1994，20(3)
[37] 刘志勤 集装箱班轮航线调度的随机规划模型 上海海运学院硕士学位论文 2000，5
[38] 朱木益 物流运输网络优化研究 上海海运学院硕士学位论文 2001，12
[39] 史小宁 班轮运输战略联盟中的博弈 大连海事大学学位论文 2003，2
[40] 马越 集装箱班轮运输企业联合问题研究 大连海事大学学位论文 2000，2
[2] 谢新连 船舶调度与船队规划方法[M]人民交通出版社 2000
[3] 蔡庆麟，胡玉奎，李荣萱 水运运输系统分析[M] 人民交通出版社 1991
[4] 吴长仲 航运管理[M] 大连海事大学出版社 1992
[5] 钱颂迪等 运筹学[M] 清华大学出版社 1990
[6] 田丰 马仲蕃 图与网络流理论[M] 科学出版社 1987
[7] 赵刚 林国龙 国际航运管理[M] 人民交通出版社 1997
[8] 施欣 交通运输系统决策理论方法与应用 [M] 兰州大学出版社 1995
[9] 施欣 水运企业现代管理理论方法与应用[M] 人民交通出版社 2000
[10] 毛侠 远洋船队经营管理[M] 中国城市经济社会出版社 1990
[11] J．O．詹森，O．什尼尔森 班轮运输经济学[M] 中国远洋运输总公司内部资料
[12] 格罗莫沃伊 海运计划和管理的数学方法及其模型 [M] 人民交通出版社 1987
[13] 张国伍 交通运输系统分析[M] 西南交通大学出版社 1991
[14] 刘灿齐 现代交通规划学 [M] 人民交通出版社 2001
[15] 张建中，许绍吉 线性规划 [M] 科学出版社 2002
[16] W. M. Bremer and A. N. Perakis, An operational tanker scheduling optimization system: Model implementation, results and possible extensions, Maritime Policy and Management 19(3), 189-199 (1992).
[17] S-C. Cho and A. N. Perakis, An improved formulation for bulk cargo ship scheduling with a single loading port, Maritime Policy and Management 28(4), 339-345 (2001).
[18] S-C. Cho and A. N. Perakis, Optimal liner fleet routeing strategies, Maritime Policy and Management 23(3), 249-259 (1996).
[19] A. Imai and F. Rivera Strategic fleet size planning for maritime refrigerated containers, Maritime Policy and Management 28(4), 361-374 (2001).
[20] D. I. Jaramillo and A. N. Perakis, Fleet deployment optimization for liner
shipping Part 2. Implementation and results, Maritime Policy and Management 18(4), 235-262 (1991).
[21] N. Perakis and W. M. Bremer, An operational tanker scheduling optimization system, Background, current practice and model, formulation, Maritime Policy and Management 19(3), 177-187 (1992).
[22] A. N. Perakis and D. I. Jaramillo, Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping Part 1. Background, problem formulation and solution approaches, Maritime Policy and Management 18(3), 183-200 (1991).
[23] B. J. Powell and A. N. Perakis, Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping: an integer programming model, Maritime Policy and Management 1997, 24(2), 183-192
[24] Benford, H. A simple approach to fleet deployment, Maritime Policy and Management,1981,Vol. 8, No. 4, 223～228
[25] Bremer, W. M. & A.N. Perakis An operational tanker scheduling optimization system: model implementation, results and possible extensions, Maritime Policy and Management, 1992, Vol. 19, No. 3, 189～199
[26] Jaramillo, D. I. &A. N. Perakis Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping Part 2: Implementation and results, Maritime Policy and Management, 1991,Vol. 18, No. 3, 235～262
[27] Perakis, A. N. A second look at fleet deployment ,Maritime Policy and Management, 1985, Vol. 12, No. 3, 209～214
[28] Perakis, A. N. & N. Papadakis Fleet deployment optimization models. Part 1, Maritime Policy and Management, 1987, Vol. 14, No. 2, 127～144
[29] Perakis, A. N. & N. Papadakis Fleet deployment optimization models. Part 2 Maritime Policy and Management, 1987, Vol. 14, No. 2, 145～155
[30] Evrard M. Claessens OPtimization Procedures in Maritime Fleet Management Maritime Policy and Management 1987,Vol. 14
[31] Krishan Rana R. G. Vickson Routing Container Ships Using Lagrangean Reiaxation and Decomposition Transportation Science, 1991, Vol. 25
[32] Krishan Rana, R. G. Vickson A Model and Solution for optimal Routing of A Time—chartered Containership Transportation Science, 1990
Vol.24
[33] 钟铭 谢新连 田强 实用航线配船和船队规划软件包[J] 大连海事大学学报 1997，23(4)
[34] 赵刚 班轮航线配船模型的分析与改进[J] 系统工程学报 1997，12(1)
[35] 王松文 中转路径管理在船公司经营活动中的重要性[J] 集装箱化 2002，9
[36] 徐天芳 船舶运输现代化管理的研究[J] 大连海运学院学报 1994，20(3)
[37] 刘志勤 集装箱班轮航线调度的随机规划模型 上海海运学院硕士学位论文 2000，5
[38] 朱木益 物流运输网络优化研究 上海海运学院硕士学位论文 2001，12
[39] 史小宁 班轮运输战略联盟中的博弈 大连海事大学学位论文 2003，2
[40] 马越 集装箱班轮运输企业联合问题研究 大连海事大学学位论文 2000，2