基于SOA的业务流程管理系统的研究与实现
|
摘要
面对高速发展的业务需要和日益激烈的市场竞争,各企业试图利用各种手段来加速企业内部的运转速度,提高竞争力。然而不论是ERP、CRM还是SCM,特定的软件只能解决特定层面的问题,方便了具体的作业操作,提高的只是个人的生产力,还是不能解决传统企业的许多弊端。面对市场的快速变化,如何提供一个灵活、可靠、随着外部需求可以快速变化的IT基础架构,使自己的企业能够抓住市场机遇,提供更好的服务,是现在很多企业正在努力解决的问题。
针对以上问题,本文提出了基于SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture,面向服务的架构)的业务流程管理系统(Business Process Management System,BPMS)解决方案,SOA使用户可以轻松完成将业务流程连接到基础系统的任务,从而节省时间和IT资源;而BPM的采用能促进SOA组件的再利用,从而最大程度地降低业务流程本身的复杂性。
首先对SOA和BPM的各自定义及特点和进行了综述,并分析了他们的国内外研究现状,再结合其发展趋势,提出了本文的研究内容和研究目标。
对SOA和BPM的关系进行了分析,根据它们各自的特点提出将二者结合的思想,并分析了这种结合所带来的优势和好处。然后根据BPM系统的基本架构以及SOA的参考架构提出了基于SOA的BPM系统的解决方案,并设计出了包括业务层、服务层和数据层的总体架构图。
将基于SOA的BPM系统中的业务流程分为日常管理流程、核心业务流程及二者皆有的混合流程,针对不同的流程分别设计了以处理日常管理流程为主的工作流引擎和以处理核心业务流程为主的业务流程引擎,分析和设计了业务流程管理系统的核心部件业务规则引擎,重点介绍了规则定义流程和规则触发流程的运行机制。
针对传统的BPMS处理异常的方案在智能化方面存在的不足,本文提出了一种基于流程异常库的处理方式,采用异常属性相似度的匹配方式来实现BPMS处理异常的智能化和自动化。
最后,以该系统的一个产品零部件价格查询功能模块为实例,详细描述了该流程系统的构建过程,对相关核心内容以及运行机制进行了说明,并展望了本文核心技术的应用前景和下一步的研究工作。
Faced with the rapid development of business needs and increasingly fierce market competition, firms are trying to adopt various means to accelerate the running speed of enterprises, which can help improve their competitiveness. But no matter ERP, CRM or SCM they chose, the software can only solve problem in specific level. They are convenient for the specific operations so they just improve the productivity of individuals but can not solve most shortcomings of traditional enterprises. Faced with the rapid changes in the market, to provide a flexible, reliable IT infrastructure which can change quickly as the external demand, to make our own businesses seize market opportunities and to provide better services are the problems many companies are trying to solve nowadays.
In allusion to the problems mentioned above, a solution of BPMS based on SOA is proposed in this thesis. SOA allows users to connect the business process to basic system tasks easily so that save time and IT resources; and the adoption of BPM can improve the reuse of SOA component so that reduce the complexity of the business process itself as much as possible.
First of all, the definition of SOA and BPM and their respective characteristics are reviewed; it analyzes the research situation of SOA and BPM both domestic and abroad. Then the research content and objectives of this thesis is introduced according to the trends of their development.
Secondly, it analyzes the relationship between SOA and BPM, proposing to combine them in accordance with their respective characteristics and analyzing the advantages and benefits of this combination. According to the basic structure of BPM and SOA reference architecture it proposes the solution of the BPM system on SOA. It designs the overall organization chart including business layer, service layer and data layer according to the solution.
The business processes of BPM system based on SOA are divided into daily management process, core business process and mixed process which includes both of them.According to different processes it designs work flow engine which is mainly used to deal with daily management process and business process engine which is mainly used to deal with core business process. It analyses and designs the core component of BPM system, business rule engine, introducing the its process of rule define and rule invoke.
The traditional solutions of dealing with the abnormity in BPMS are lack of intelligence, to resolve this problem this thesis has brought forth a method based on process abnormity set, using attribute of abnormities similarity matching method to achieve intelligence and automation on dealing with abnormity in BPMS.
Finally, an example of products part price query functional module has been given to describe the building process of the BPMS, explaining relevant core content and running mechanism and looking forward the application of the core technologies and the further research work in future.
针对以上问题,本文提出了基于SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture,面向服务的架构)的业务流程管理系统(Business Process Management System,BPMS)解决方案,SOA使用户可以轻松完成将业务流程连接到基础系统的任务,从而节省时间和IT资源;而BPM的采用能促进SOA组件的再利用,从而最大程度地降低业务流程本身的复杂性。
首先对SOA和BPM的各自定义及特点和进行了综述,并分析了他们的国内外研究现状,再结合其发展趋势,提出了本文的研究内容和研究目标。
对SOA和BPM的关系进行了分析,根据它们各自的特点提出将二者结合的思想,并分析了这种结合所带来的优势和好处。然后根据BPM系统的基本架构以及SOA的参考架构提出了基于SOA的BPM系统的解决方案,并设计出了包括业务层、服务层和数据层的总体架构图。
将基于SOA的BPM系统中的业务流程分为日常管理流程、核心业务流程及二者皆有的混合流程,针对不同的流程分别设计了以处理日常管理流程为主的工作流引擎和以处理核心业务流程为主的业务流程引擎,分析和设计了业务流程管理系统的核心部件业务规则引擎,重点介绍了规则定义流程和规则触发流程的运行机制。
针对传统的BPMS处理异常的方案在智能化方面存在的不足,本文提出了一种基于流程异常库的处理方式,采用异常属性相似度的匹配方式来实现BPMS处理异常的智能化和自动化。
最后,以该系统的一个产品零部件价格查询功能模块为实例,详细描述了该流程系统的构建过程,对相关核心内容以及运行机制进行了说明,并展望了本文核心技术的应用前景和下一步的研究工作。
Faced with the rapid development of business needs and increasingly fierce market competition, firms are trying to adopt various means to accelerate the running speed of enterprises, which can help improve their competitiveness. But no matter ERP, CRM or SCM they chose, the software can only solve problem in specific level. They are convenient for the specific operations so they just improve the productivity of individuals but can not solve most shortcomings of traditional enterprises. Faced with the rapid changes in the market, to provide a flexible, reliable IT infrastructure which can change quickly as the external demand, to make our own businesses seize market opportunities and to provide better services are the problems many companies are trying to solve nowadays.
In allusion to the problems mentioned above, a solution of BPMS based on SOA is proposed in this thesis. SOA allows users to connect the business process to basic system tasks easily so that save time and IT resources; and the adoption of BPM can improve the reuse of SOA component so that reduce the complexity of the business process itself as much as possible.
First of all, the definition of SOA and BPM and their respective characteristics are reviewed; it analyzes the research situation of SOA and BPM both domestic and abroad. Then the research content and objectives of this thesis is introduced according to the trends of their development.
Secondly, it analyzes the relationship between SOA and BPM, proposing to combine them in accordance with their respective characteristics and analyzing the advantages and benefits of this combination. According to the basic structure of BPM and SOA reference architecture it proposes the solution of the BPM system on SOA. It designs the overall organization chart including business layer, service layer and data layer according to the solution.
The business processes of BPM system based on SOA are divided into daily management process, core business process and mixed process which includes both of them.According to different processes it designs work flow engine which is mainly used to deal with daily management process and business process engine which is mainly used to deal with core business process. It analyses and designs the core component of BPM system, business rule engine, introducing the its process of rule define and rule invoke.
The traditional solutions of dealing with the abnormity in BPMS are lack of intelligence, to resolve this problem this thesis has brought forth a method based on process abnormity set, using attribute of abnormities similarity matching method to achieve intelligence and automation on dealing with abnormity in BPMS.
Finally, an example of products part price query functional module has been given to describe the building process of the BPMS, explaining relevant core content and running mechanism and looking forward the application of the core technologies and the further research work in future.
引文
[1]Gartner,The Gartner Group Annual CIO Survey,2004年
[2]Garmer,Growing IT's Contribution:the 2006 CIO Agenda,Gartner EXP January 2006.
[3]Dirk Krafzig等.Enterprise SOA中文版[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.24.
[4]Douglas K.Barry.Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures:The Savvy Manager's Guide.Morgan Kanftnann.2003.
[5]Microsoft.企业应用集成服务平台白皮书.http://www.microsoft.com/china/biztalk/community/Product/a7.asp.
[6]Jorg Becker,Martin Kugeler,Michael Rosemann.业务流程管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004年。
[7]Linkey.BPM Professinal.http://www.linkey.com.cn/files/linkey.html 2006.
[8]邱航.当BPM遇到SOA.软件世界.2007,5:50-52.
[9]MOORE J.Business process management.Chemical Engineering Process.2003,99(1):22-23.
[10]Mtix Orchestration:BPM和SOA的粘合剂.计算机世界报2007年8月20日第32期B15
[11]Howard Smith,Peter Fingar.Business Process Management:The Third Wave.Meghan-Keffer Press.2003-8.
[12]Ed Lynch,Chandra Venkatapathy.借助面向服务架构的业务流程整合保持企业竞争优势.IBM面向服务架构解决方案白皮书.2005-10.
[13]Dirk Krafzig,Karl Banke.Enterprise SOA——面向服务架构的最佳实践[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006年,7.
[14]谭伟,范玉顺.业务过程管理框架与关键技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统.2004.10(7):737-743.
[15]何清法,李国杰,焦丽梅,刘力力.基于关系结构的轻量级工作流引擎[J].计算机研究与发展,2001年1月,Vol.38.
[16]陶亚雄,王坚,凌卫青.基于流程知识的业务流程管理系统研究[J].制造业自动化.2007.6.Vol.29(6):9-13.
[17]彭磊.规则引擎原理分析[J].福建电脑,2006.9
[18]王李军,陶明亮,张曙,莫琪叶.面向业务规则引擎研究.[J]计算机工程,2007.12.Vol.33,No.24,52-56.
[19]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄。工作流数据的一致性保护框架.计算机集成制造系统1-5[PDF],2002,8(4):320-325
[20]Li Weiping,Xue Jinsong,Zhu Yunlong.The Dynamic Modeling Method of Workflow Management System Supporting BPR[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2002,13(15):1314-1317.
[21]孙瑞志,史美林.工作流异常处理的形式描述[J].计算机研究与发展,2003,40(3):393-397.
[22]陶亚雄,王坚.基于流程知识的BPM系统异常处理研究[J].计算机工程,2007,33(9): 186-188.
[23]Sanjiva Weerawarana,Francisco Curbera.Business Process with BPEL4WS:Understanding BPEL4WS,Part 1.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-bpelcol1/index.html.
[24]周志荣.企业服务总线解决方案剖析,第2部分.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-esb2/#main
[25]张渊,夏清国.基于Rete算法的JAVA规则引擎[J].科学技术与工程.2006,7.Vol.6,No.11:1549-1550.
[26]薛军.基于J2EE的BPM系统设计与开发[D].电子科技大学.2007,6.
[27]王强.BPEL4WS语言介绍[EB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-bpel/part1-4.html,2003.3.1
[28]SOA原理,方法,实践。毛新生,北京:电子工业出版社,2007.7。
[29]Lombardi,The 30 Most Important IT Trends for 2007,CIO Insight,November 17,2006.
[30]Lombardi,CIOs Rank Their Top Priorities for 2008,CIO Insight,December 20,2007.
[31]Liisel Murre.Enterprise Service Bus and Web Services.Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Service Computing.2004.
[32]陈靖.用企业服务总线(ESB)对SOA的改进与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[33]相鹏,段友祥.企业服务总线(ESB)-企业集成关键技术初探[J]信息技术与信息化,2005,(06)
[34]曲凤娟,郭剑毅,王木旺.基于WEB的工作流引擎设计和实现[J].大众科技.2006年第6期:67-68.
[35]朱海萍,李增智,杨怀洲.基于面向服务体系结构SOA的业务管理研究.北京邮电大学学报.2004,190-195.
[36]Ed Lynch,Chandra Venkatapathy.借助面向服务架构的业务流程整合保持企业竞争优势.IBM面向服务架构解决方案白皮书.2005-10.
[37]孙勇强,邓咏梅,李续武.基于EJB的业务规则引擎的设计和实现[J].计算机工程.2005,10.Vol.31,No.20:220-222.
[38]张毓鲲.支持面向服务体系结构SOA的中间件平台研究与实现[D].上海:华东师范大学,软件工程.2006,6.
[39]韩春辉.面向服务的工作流系统应用研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,计算机软件与理论.2007,5.
[40]李德生,王海洋.一种将业务规则与BPEL有效集成的方法[J].计算机应用.2005,25(11):2705-2708.
[41]蒋志青.企业业务流程设计与管理.电子工业出版社.2002.104-113
[42]武亚强,李增智等.基于Web Service的业务管理研究.微电子学与计算机.2005年04期
[43]X Fu,T Bultan,J Su.Analysis of interacting BPEL web services.Proceedings of the 13~(th)conference on World Wide Web,2004.
[44]Rick Robinson.Understand Enterprise Service Bus Scenarios and Solutions in Service-Oriented Architecture[EB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/webserviees/library/ws-esbscen/.2004-07.
[45]Dave Chappell.Enterprise Service Bus[M].O' Reilly Publishing,2004.1-224
[2]Garmer,Growing IT's Contribution:the 2006 CIO Agenda,Gartner EXP January 2006.
[3]Dirk Krafzig等.Enterprise SOA中文版[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.24.
[4]Douglas K.Barry.Web Services and Service-Oriented Architectures:The Savvy Manager's Guide.Morgan Kanftnann.2003.
[5]Microsoft.企业应用集成服务平台白皮书.http://www.microsoft.com/china/biztalk/community/Product/a7.asp.
[6]Jorg Becker,Martin Kugeler,Michael Rosemann.业务流程管理[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004年。
[7]Linkey.BPM Professinal.http://www.linkey.com.cn/files/linkey.html 2006.
[8]邱航.当BPM遇到SOA.软件世界.2007,5:50-52.
[9]MOORE J.Business process management.Chemical Engineering Process.2003,99(1):22-23.
[10]Mtix Orchestration:BPM和SOA的粘合剂.计算机世界报2007年8月20日第32期B15
[11]Howard Smith,Peter Fingar.Business Process Management:The Third Wave.Meghan-Keffer Press.2003-8.
[12]Ed Lynch,Chandra Venkatapathy.借助面向服务架构的业务流程整合保持企业竞争优势.IBM面向服务架构解决方案白皮书.2005-10.
[13]Dirk Krafzig,Karl Banke.Enterprise SOA——面向服务架构的最佳实践[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006年,7.
[14]谭伟,范玉顺.业务过程管理框架与关键技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统.2004.10(7):737-743.
[15]何清法,李国杰,焦丽梅,刘力力.基于关系结构的轻量级工作流引擎[J].计算机研究与发展,2001年1月,Vol.38.
[16]陶亚雄,王坚,凌卫青.基于流程知识的业务流程管理系统研究[J].制造业自动化.2007.6.Vol.29(6):9-13.
[17]彭磊.规则引擎原理分析[J].福建电脑,2006.9
[18]王李军,陶明亮,张曙,莫琪叶.面向业务规则引擎研究.[J]计算机工程,2007.12.Vol.33,No.24,52-56.
[19]罗海滨,范玉顺,吴澄。工作流数据的一致性保护框架.计算机集成制造系统1-5[PDF],2002,8(4):320-325
[20]Li Weiping,Xue Jinsong,Zhu Yunlong.The Dynamic Modeling Method of Workflow Management System Supporting BPR[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2002,13(15):1314-1317.
[21]孙瑞志,史美林.工作流异常处理的形式描述[J].计算机研究与发展,2003,40(3):393-397.
[22]陶亚雄,王坚.基于流程知识的BPM系统异常处理研究[J].计算机工程,2007,33(9): 186-188.
[23]Sanjiva Weerawarana,Francisco Curbera.Business Process with BPEL4WS:Understanding BPEL4WS,Part 1.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-bpelcol1/index.html.
[24]周志荣.企业服务总线解决方案剖析,第2部分.http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-esb2/#main
[25]张渊,夏清国.基于Rete算法的JAVA规则引擎[J].科学技术与工程.2006,7.Vol.6,No.11:1549-1550.
[26]薛军.基于J2EE的BPM系统设计与开发[D].电子科技大学.2007,6.
[27]王强.BPEL4WS语言介绍[EB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-bpel/part1-4.html,2003.3.1
[28]SOA原理,方法,实践。毛新生,北京:电子工业出版社,2007.7。
[29]Lombardi,The 30 Most Important IT Trends for 2007,CIO Insight,November 17,2006.
[30]Lombardi,CIOs Rank Their Top Priorities for 2008,CIO Insight,December 20,2007.
[31]Liisel Murre.Enterprise Service Bus and Web Services.Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE International Conference on Service Computing.2004.
[32]陈靖.用企业服务总线(ESB)对SOA的改进与应用[D].重庆:重庆大学,2005.
[33]相鹏,段友祥.企业服务总线(ESB)-企业集成关键技术初探[J]信息技术与信息化,2005,(06)
[34]曲凤娟,郭剑毅,王木旺.基于WEB的工作流引擎设计和实现[J].大众科技.2006年第6期:67-68.
[35]朱海萍,李增智,杨怀洲.基于面向服务体系结构SOA的业务管理研究.北京邮电大学学报.2004,190-195.
[36]Ed Lynch,Chandra Venkatapathy.借助面向服务架构的业务流程整合保持企业竞争优势.IBM面向服务架构解决方案白皮书.2005-10.
[37]孙勇强,邓咏梅,李续武.基于EJB的业务规则引擎的设计和实现[J].计算机工程.2005,10.Vol.31,No.20:220-222.
[38]张毓鲲.支持面向服务体系结构SOA的中间件平台研究与实现[D].上海:华东师范大学,软件工程.2006,6.
[39]韩春辉.面向服务的工作流系统应用研究[D].太原:太原理工大学,计算机软件与理论.2007,5.
[40]李德生,王海洋.一种将业务规则与BPEL有效集成的方法[J].计算机应用.2005,25(11):2705-2708.
[41]蒋志青.企业业务流程设计与管理.电子工业出版社.2002.104-113
[42]武亚强,李增智等.基于Web Service的业务管理研究.微电子学与计算机.2005年04期
[43]X Fu,T Bultan,J Su.Analysis of interacting BPEL web services.Proceedings of the 13~(th)conference on World Wide Web,2004.
[44]Rick Robinson.Understand Enterprise Service Bus Scenarios and Solutions in Service-Oriented Architecture[EB/OL].http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/webserviees/library/ws-esbscen/.2004-07.
[45]Dave Chappell.Enterprise Service Bus[M].O' Reilly Publishing,2004.1-224