前庭功能检测系统关键问题的研究
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摘要
利用眼震电图(ENG)技术进行前庭神经系统功能的检测是前庭学的重要部分，它利用眼震电图来定量或定性检测前庭神经系统的功能。本文的目的是在眼球运动时角膜、网膜电位差会变化的眼震电图技术的基础上，研究前庭功能检测系统的关键问题，研制出前庭功能检测系统，并通过各种眼震电试验检验系统的临床可行性。
本文工作的主要内容包括：
1、研究了眩晕及其分类、前庭神经系统的构成及功能，介绍了前庭功能检查技术的发展现状以及眼震电图检测技术的应用前景，研究了眼震电图技术的基本原理，分析了眼震电图各参数之间的相关性。
2、研究了前庭功能检测系统的几个关键问题并且设计了前庭功能检测系统。该系统的关键技术为眼震电刺激器和数据采集控制卡的设计以及眼震电信号数据采集和处理软件的设计。设计了以数据采集控制卡为主控制系统、眼震电刺激器自带的8031单片机系统为从系统的分布式控制系统，数据采集控制卡集数据采集和控制功能于一体，8031单片机系统具体完成各种刺激模式；应用Windows虚拟设备驱动程序实现了对硬件数据采集控制卡的驱动和控制，保证了数据采集的采样率的精度要求。
3、充分考虑了非专业用户的需求和系统的可操作性，设计了功能强大操作方便的上位机软件，该软件可以完成数据的采集、解算、显示、分析、存储、打印等数据处理功能以及各种信息记录等辅助功能，用户通过计算机上位机软件就可轻松完成操作。
4、通过各项眼震电试验，取得了较好的试验结果，验证了系统的可行性，证明了系统可用于前庭神经系统功能的临床检测。
Vestibular function using electronystagmography (ENG) is one of the important parts in neurophysiology of the vestibular system. In this dissertation, we used ENG to examine the function of vestibular nerve system. The object of this dissertation is to research the key techniques of the vestibular function examine system, to develop the examine system of vestibular function and to verify the clinical feasibility of the system by means of electronystagmogram experiments. The research was based on the ENG theory of the potential difference between cornea and omentum during the motion of the eyeball.
The main content of this dissertation includes:
1. The characteristic of vertigo and its sorts, the structure and function of the vestibular nerve system, the evolution and applied foreground of the technology of ENG, and the basic theory of ENG were studied.
2. The key techniques of the vestibular-function examining system were researched and we designed a vestibular function examining system. The key techniques of the system were the development of the ENG stimulator and the data sampling & controlling interface card, and the design of the system software. We designed one distributed controlling system, the main controlling system consisted of the data sampling & controlling interface card and the slave controlling system consisted of the ENG stimulator self-carried 8031 single chip system. The data sampling & controll-ing interface card had both data sampling and controlling function, and the 8031 single chip accomplished the stimulate mode concretely. The system realized the drive and control of the data sampling & controlling interface card utilizing VxD, which improved the data sampling precision.
3. Considering the needs of laypeople and the maneuverability adequately, we designed powerful and easy operation software, which can complete data's receiving, calculating, displaying, analyzing, saving and printing, and other assistant functions.
4. Good results from the ENG experiments were given in this dissertation. It verified the maneuverability of the system and proved that the system could be applied in clinical examine of vestibular function.
本文工作的主要内容包括：
1、研究了眩晕及其分类、前庭神经系统的构成及功能，介绍了前庭功能检查技术的发展现状以及眼震电图检测技术的应用前景，研究了眼震电图技术的基本原理，分析了眼震电图各参数之间的相关性。
2、研究了前庭功能检测系统的几个关键问题并且设计了前庭功能检测系统。该系统的关键技术为眼震电刺激器和数据采集控制卡的设计以及眼震电信号数据采集和处理软件的设计。设计了以数据采集控制卡为主控制系统、眼震电刺激器自带的8031单片机系统为从系统的分布式控制系统，数据采集控制卡集数据采集和控制功能于一体，8031单片机系统具体完成各种刺激模式；应用Windows虚拟设备驱动程序实现了对硬件数据采集控制卡的驱动和控制，保证了数据采集的采样率的精度要求。
3、充分考虑了非专业用户的需求和系统的可操作性，设计了功能强大操作方便的上位机软件，该软件可以完成数据的采集、解算、显示、分析、存储、打印等数据处理功能以及各种信息记录等辅助功能，用户通过计算机上位机软件就可轻松完成操作。
4、通过各项眼震电试验，取得了较好的试验结果，验证了系统的可行性，证明了系统可用于前庭神经系统功能的临床检测。
Vestibular function using electronystagmography (ENG) is one of the important parts in neurophysiology of the vestibular system. In this dissertation, we used ENG to examine the function of vestibular nerve system. The object of this dissertation is to research the key techniques of the vestibular function examine system, to develop the examine system of vestibular function and to verify the clinical feasibility of the system by means of electronystagmogram experiments. The research was based on the ENG theory of the potential difference between cornea and omentum during the motion of the eyeball.
The main content of this dissertation includes:
1. The characteristic of vertigo and its sorts, the structure and function of the vestibular nerve system, the evolution and applied foreground of the technology of ENG, and the basic theory of ENG were studied.
2. The key techniques of the vestibular-function examining system were researched and we designed a vestibular function examining system. The key techniques of the system were the development of the ENG stimulator and the data sampling & controlling interface card, and the design of the system software. We designed one distributed controlling system, the main controlling system consisted of the data sampling & controlling interface card and the slave controlling system consisted of the ENG stimulator self-carried 8031 single chip system. The data sampling & controll-ing interface card had both data sampling and controlling function, and the 8031 single chip accomplished the stimulate mode concretely. The system realized the drive and control of the data sampling & controlling interface card utilizing VxD, which improved the data sampling precision.
3. Considering the needs of laypeople and the maneuverability adequately, we designed powerful and easy operation software, which can complete data's receiving, calculating, displaying, analyzing, saving and printing, and other assistant functions.
4. Good results from the ENG experiments were given in this dissertation. It verified the maneuverability of the system and proved that the system could be applied in clinical examine of vestibular function.
引文
[1] 张素珍，姜泗长．眩晕症病理生理及临床．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1993：28(3)：179-181
[2] 刘(?)，薛善益等．前庭研究和眼震电图的发展．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1989；24(5)：269-270
[3] 于立身主编．前庭功能检查技术．北京：人民军医出版社．1994
[4] Bhansali SA etc. Current status of electronystagmography testing.Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.1999 Mar;120(3): 419-26
[5] 张素珍，张连山．前庭系疾病诊治及基础研究的新进展．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1999：34(5)
[6] 于立身．前庭功能检查技术的进展．中华航空医学杂志．1996：7(4)：197-201
[7] 赵沛英，李志光等．眼震检查的临床意义．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1990：25(1)：30-32
[8] 编委会主编．眼震电图．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1982：17(2)：90-95
[9] 田振明，邢华雄．眼震电图的临床应用．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1978：1：39-42
[10] 薛善益．眼震电图学．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志，1980：15(3)：145-152
[11] 于立身．眼震电图学基础．航空军医．1983：(增刊)：49
[12] Rzewnicki I etc. Original technical inventions in ENG. Otolarvngol Pol 1995:49(5):445-450
[13] Hood JD. Tests of Vestibular function. In: Dix MR and Hood JD,eds.Vertigo JOHN WILEY & SONS.Chichester,1984:55-90
[14] 李华等．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1996
[15] 单片机MCS-51用户手册．复旦大学出版社1989．9
[16] 沈美明，温冬婵．IBM-PC汇编语言程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社．1995
[17] Thom Hogan著，计帆译．PC软硬件技术资料大全(第二版)．清华大学出版社．1993
[18] 杨强，李堂秋．Win 9x虚拟设备驱动程序编程指南(第1版)．清华大学出版社．1999
[19] 周明德．微型计算机IBM PC／XT(0520系列)系统原理及应用．北京：清华大学
出版社．1991
[20]童诗白．模拟电路电子技术基础．人民教育出版社，1980
[21]Kruglinski D J．著，潘爱民 等译．Visual C++技术内幕．(第四版)．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[22]Chris.Pappas,William H.Murray Ⅲ著．Visual C++5参考大全．北京：中国轻工业出版社．1998
[23]邓华等．Visual C++案例教程(第1版)．中科多媒体电子出版社．2001
[24]宗孔德，胡广书．数字信号处理．清华大学出版社．1988
[25]王士慧，吉敏．眼震电图计算机数据处理的应用．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1987：22(1)：36-38
[26]Working group on evaluation of tests for vestibular function.Evaluation of tests for vestibular function.Aviat,Space Environ Med.,1992:63(Suppl 2):A5-A29
[27]单希征，汪磊等．扫视正弦跟踪试验．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1990：25(3)：159-161
[28]Norman M, Brown E.Variations in calibration for computerized electronystagmography.Br J Audiol.1999: Feb: 33(1):1-7
[29]M. van der Torn, J. E. Van Dijk. Testing the central vestibular functions: a clinical survey.Clinical Otolaryngology & Allied Sciences.25(4):298-304
[30]于立身，刘森等．前庭功能系列化检查评定系统．中华航空医学杂志．1990：1(2)：66-70
[31]曾建海，于立身等．正常人视前庭功能相互作用眼震电图参数特征．中华航空医学杂志．1992：3(2)：86-90
[32]Benitiez JT. Eye-tracking and optokinetic test: diagnostic significance in peripheral and vestibular disorders.Laryngoscope.1970:80:834
[33]Baloh RW, Honrubia V. The central vestibular system. In: Davis FA, cd. Clinical neurophysiology of the vestibular system.Philadelphia,1979:47-100
[2] 刘(?)，薛善益等．前庭研究和眼震电图的发展．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1989；24(5)：269-270
[3] 于立身主编．前庭功能检查技术．北京：人民军医出版社．1994
[4] Bhansali SA etc. Current status of electronystagmography testing.Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg.1999 Mar;120(3): 419-26
[5] 张素珍，张连山．前庭系疾病诊治及基础研究的新进展．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1999：34(5)
[6] 于立身．前庭功能检查技术的进展．中华航空医学杂志．1996：7(4)：197-201
[7] 赵沛英，李志光等．眼震检查的临床意义．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1990：25(1)：30-32
[8] 编委会主编．眼震电图．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1982：17(2)：90-95
[9] 田振明，邢华雄．眼震电图的临床应用．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1978：1：39-42
[10] 薛善益．眼震电图学．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志，1980：15(3)：145-152
[11] 于立身．眼震电图学基础．航空军医．1983：(增刊)：49
[12] Rzewnicki I etc. Original technical inventions in ENG. Otolarvngol Pol 1995:49(5):445-450
[13] Hood JD. Tests of Vestibular function. In: Dix MR and Hood JD,eds.Vertigo JOHN WILEY & SONS.Chichester,1984:55-90
[14] 李华等．MCS-51系列单片机实用接口技术．北京：北京航空航天大学出版社．1996
[15] 单片机MCS-51用户手册．复旦大学出版社1989．9
[16] 沈美明，温冬婵．IBM-PC汇编语言程序设计．北京：清华大学出版社．1995
[17] Thom Hogan著，计帆译．PC软硬件技术资料大全(第二版)．清华大学出版社．1993
[18] 杨强，李堂秋．Win 9x虚拟设备驱动程序编程指南(第1版)．清华大学出版社．1999
[19] 周明德．微型计算机IBM PC／XT(0520系列)系统原理及应用．北京：清华大学
出版社．1991
[20]童诗白．模拟电路电子技术基础．人民教育出版社，1980
[21]Kruglinski D J．著，潘爱民 等译．Visual C++技术内幕．(第四版)．北京：清华大学出版社，1999
[22]Chris.Pappas,William H.Murray Ⅲ著．Visual C++5参考大全．北京：中国轻工业出版社．1998
[23]邓华等．Visual C++案例教程(第1版)．中科多媒体电子出版社．2001
[24]宗孔德，胡广书．数字信号处理．清华大学出版社．1988
[25]王士慧，吉敏．眼震电图计算机数据处理的应用．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1987：22(1)：36-38
[26]Working group on evaluation of tests for vestibular function.Evaluation of tests for vestibular function.Aviat,Space Environ Med.,1992:63(Suppl 2):A5-A29
[27]单希征，汪磊等．扫视正弦跟踪试验．中华耳鼻咽喉科杂志．1990：25(3)：159-161
[28]Norman M, Brown E.Variations in calibration for computerized electronystagmography.Br J Audiol.1999: Feb: 33(1):1-7
[29]M. van der Torn, J. E. Van Dijk. Testing the central vestibular functions: a clinical survey.Clinical Otolaryngology & Allied Sciences.25(4):298-304
[30]于立身，刘森等．前庭功能系列化检查评定系统．中华航空医学杂志．1990：1(2)：66-70
[31]曾建海，于立身等．正常人视前庭功能相互作用眼震电图参数特征．中华航空医学杂志．1992：3(2)：86-90
[32]Benitiez JT. Eye-tracking and optokinetic test: diagnostic significance in peripheral and vestibular disorders.Laryngoscope.1970:80:834
[33]Baloh RW, Honrubia V. The central vestibular system. In: Davis FA, cd. Clinical neurophysiology of the vestibular system.Philadelphia,1979:47-100