基于双线阵CCD激光光斑探测技术研究
摘要
随着对超稳激光器、新型光束控制器、高灵敏度和高数据率接收器和适合空间应用的先进通信电子设备的研究基本成熟,空间光通信成为了下一代光通信的发展方向。它具有如下有特点:很强的抗干扰性、安全系数高、可靠性高。捕获、对准、跟踪是自由空间光通信的重要组成部分,而其中的精跟踪部分是整个系统中最为重要的。因此,迅速,精确的得到光斑的具体坐标,从而控制倾斜镜来实现视轴准确的对准,是APT系统中最为核心的技术。
本文设计了一种基于双线阵CCD的激光光斑质心检测系统,满足了APT精跟踪系统快速,精确的对准要求。首先光束通过分光棱镜组成的光学系统,将光束在横纵坐标轴上分别成像,再由双线阵光电耦合器件接收,然后将接受到的信息经模数转换后,通过USB接口传送到上位机,然后由上位机经事先编写好的处理软件程序进行处理,实时得到激光光斑的质心坐标,最终达到APT精跟踪对探测器采样速率每秒3000帧、检测精度0.8μrad的要求。
Space Optical Communication will become the new direction of communication with the development of the high stable laser, laser controller, high sensitive receiver and electronic devices which are used for optical communication. There are many characteristics, such as, strong anti-interference, safety factor, high reliability. Capture, alignment, tracking is a free-space optical communications, an important part of the essence of which is the whole system to track some of the most important. Therefore, the rapid and precise coordinates of a specific spot will control the visual axis by tilt mirror to achieve an accurate alignment.
This paper designs laser spot detecting system based on bi-linear CCD to meet the requirement of precision tracking and accurate alignment of APT. First, the beam through the prism optical system, is imaged in the vertical and horizontal axis, and then received in bi-linear CCD. The converted signal is sent to the host computer by USB interface and processed by the software to get the orientation of the spot. The spot centronic coordinates were acquired by software in the end. The sample rate of the two linear CCDs could reach to3000 frames per second and the detecting accuracy could reach to 0.8μrad as the Fine Tracking System required.
本文设计了一种基于双线阵CCD的激光光斑质心检测系统,满足了APT精跟踪系统快速,精确的对准要求。首先光束通过分光棱镜组成的光学系统,将光束在横纵坐标轴上分别成像,再由双线阵光电耦合器件接收,然后将接受到的信息经模数转换后,通过USB接口传送到上位机,然后由上位机经事先编写好的处理软件程序进行处理,实时得到激光光斑的质心坐标,最终达到APT精跟踪对探测器采样速率每秒3000帧、检测精度0.8μrad的要求。
Space Optical Communication will become the new direction of communication with the development of the high stable laser, laser controller, high sensitive receiver and electronic devices which are used for optical communication. There are many characteristics, such as, strong anti-interference, safety factor, high reliability. Capture, alignment, tracking is a free-space optical communications, an important part of the essence of which is the whole system to track some of the most important. Therefore, the rapid and precise coordinates of a specific spot will control the visual axis by tilt mirror to achieve an accurate alignment.
This paper designs laser spot detecting system based on bi-linear CCD to meet the requirement of precision tracking and accurate alignment of APT. First, the beam through the prism optical system, is imaged in the vertical and horizontal axis, and then received in bi-linear CCD. The converted signal is sent to the host computer by USB interface and processed by the software to get the orientation of the spot. The spot centronic coordinates were acquired by software in the end. The sample rate of the two linear CCDs could reach to3000 frames per second and the detecting accuracy could reach to 0.8μrad as the Fine Tracking System required.
引文
[1]Shinhek Lee,James W.Alexander,and Mathu Jeganathan.Pointing and Tracking Subsystem Design for Optical Communications Link and the International Space Station and Ground.SPIE 2000,Vol.3932
[2]胡渝,刘华。空间通信技术及其发展。北京:科学出版社,2004.2:25-30。
[3]LeeAnn Voisinet.Control Processing System Architecture of the Optical Communications Demonstrator.SPIE Vol.2123 / 393。
[4]谭立英等。卫星光通信技术。北京:科学出版社,2004:20-24.
[5]Muthu Jeganagan,Steve Monacos.Performance analysis and electronics packaging of the Optic Communication Demonstrator.SPIE 1998,Vol.3286
[6]IMAGE SENSORS.DALSA,The Netherlands:2002 July 10。
[7]Shreenath Sherry,Image-Sensor-Based Tarter Maneuver,Detection,Opical Engineering,November 1993,Vol.32,No.11,2735-2739.
[8]Maria Toyoshima,Shiro Yamakawa,Toshihiko Yamawaki et al.Ground-to-satellite optical link tests between Japanese laser communications terminal and European geostationary satellite ARTEMIS.Proc.SPIE,2004,Vol.5338:1-15.
[9]安毓英等.光电子技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[10]何毅。卫星光通信关键技术与演示系统光学天线.电子科技大学学报,1998.10.
[11]Keizo Nakagawa,Akio Yamamoto.Preliminary design of Laser Utilizing Communications Equipment (LUCE)installed on Optical Inter-Orbit Communications Engineering Test Satellite(OICETS).SPIE,1995,Vol.2381:14-25.
[12]曾华林,左叻,谢福增。空间光通信ATP系统研究.光学技术,2005.1:25-30.
[13]Norman A.Page.Design of the Optical Communication Demonstrator Instrument Optical System.SPIE 1994.Vol.2123
[14]Rajul P.Mathur christopher I.Beard and David J.Puril.Analysis of SILEX tracking sensor performance.SPIE 1990.Vol.1218
[15]Kouichi KOMATU,Seiji KANDA,Keiichi HIRAKO,et.Laser Beam Acquisition and Tracking System For ETS-VI Laser Communication Equipment(LCE).SPIE,1990,Vol.1218:96-107.
[16]范志刚.光电测试技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[17]王海涌,申功勋.线阵CCD视频输出信号傅里叶分析与滤波参数设计。仪表技术与传感器,2003:15-18
[18]董斌,杨韧,刘兴占。一种使用线阵型CCD实现高精度二维位置测量方法。光学技术。1998,9:22-25
[19]张文涛,朱保华。空间光通信APT技术中CCD多次采样分析与研究。应用光学,2004.11
[20]李晓峰,罗彤,邓科等。采用CCD空间光通信光斑位置提取重心算法分析及实验。
[21]陈云亮,于思远,马晶。一种新型卫星光通信高速跟瞄探测装置。光电子.激光,2005.5
[22]周锐,房建成,祝世平。图像测量中光斑尺寸优化及性能分析。仪器仪表学报,2000.4
[23]陈殿仁,邹超.APD激光回波信号探测电路系统研究.长春理工大学学报,2002.2,Vol.25,16-18
[24]张宇,于枫,冯毅。双CCD光斑中心空间定位系统建模与数据处理。光电子激光,2004.6
[25]M.Paindavoine,R.Mosqueron,J.Dubois et.High-speed camera with internal real-time image processing.SPIE 2005,Vol.5920
[26]刘丹平,胡渝。提高光斑图像质心精度去噪方法。光电工程,2005.8
[27]姜复兴,陈希军,吴征能。提高图像跟踪精度一种算法。应用激光,2001.9
[28]闫伟,金元郁。基于Visual C++6.0运动目标形心捕获。微计算机信息,2005年21卷第2期:5-8
[29]尹业宏。基于FPGA星图采集及预处理算法实现,:32-35
[30]谌廷政,吕海宝。CCD细分技术方法研究及应用。光学学报,2002.11
[31]郝云彩,杨秉新,张国瑞。线阵CCD相机细分采样成像像质研究。光学学报,2000.10
[32]李永远,杨世洪,蓝荣清。CCD应用中高速图像数据采集技术。光电工程,1994.2
[33]纪大山,柴饶军,马彩文。基于CCD亚像元细分原理点目标自动采样算法。计算机仿真,2005.8
[34]倪飞,邓兴成.空间光通信ATP系统中光信号处理技术研究.电子科技大学应用物理研究所.成都
[35]王萍萍,艾勇,支新军。自由空间光通信终端机中ATP系统设计。应用激光,2003.12
[36]张忠民,李开瑞。用双线阵CCD实现高准确度微孔自动测量。宇航计测技术,2002.4
[37]王凌,冯华君,徐之海。基于调制传递函数CCD亚像元成像质量评价。浙江大学学报,2004.7
[38]Yuan Tian,Jun Ying,XiuQing Ye,et.DDGIPS-a General Image Processing System in Robot Vision.SPIE 2000,Vol.4222
[39]谢木军,马佳光,傅承毓。空间光通信中精密跟踪瞄准技术。光电工程,2000.2:5-10
[40]田岩涛,常丹华,张彦。线阵CCD信号小波去噪方法研究。传感技术学报,2005.6.:28-30
[2]胡渝,刘华。空间通信技术及其发展。北京:科学出版社,2004.2:25-30。
[3]LeeAnn Voisinet.Control Processing System Architecture of the Optical Communications Demonstrator.SPIE Vol.2123 / 393。
[4]谭立英等。卫星光通信技术。北京:科学出版社,2004:20-24.
[5]Muthu Jeganagan,Steve Monacos.Performance analysis and electronics packaging of the Optic Communication Demonstrator.SPIE 1998,Vol.3286
[6]IMAGE SENSORS.DALSA,The Netherlands:2002 July 10。
[7]Shreenath Sherry,Image-Sensor-Based Tarter Maneuver,Detection,Opical Engineering,November 1993,Vol.32,No.11,2735-2739.
[8]Maria Toyoshima,Shiro Yamakawa,Toshihiko Yamawaki et al.Ground-to-satellite optical link tests between Japanese laser communications terminal and European geostationary satellite ARTEMIS.Proc.SPIE,2004,Vol.5338:1-15.
[9]安毓英等.光电子技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2002
[10]何毅。卫星光通信关键技术与演示系统光学天线.电子科技大学学报,1998.10.
[11]Keizo Nakagawa,Akio Yamamoto.Preliminary design of Laser Utilizing Communications Equipment (LUCE)installed on Optical Inter-Orbit Communications Engineering Test Satellite(OICETS).SPIE,1995,Vol.2381:14-25.
[12]曾华林,左叻,谢福增。空间光通信ATP系统研究.光学技术,2005.1:25-30.
[13]Norman A.Page.Design of the Optical Communication Demonstrator Instrument Optical System.SPIE 1994.Vol.2123
[14]Rajul P.Mathur christopher I.Beard and David J.Puril.Analysis of SILEX tracking sensor performance.SPIE 1990.Vol.1218
[15]Kouichi KOMATU,Seiji KANDA,Keiichi HIRAKO,et.Laser Beam Acquisition and Tracking System For ETS-VI Laser Communication Equipment(LCE).SPIE,1990,Vol.1218:96-107.
[16]范志刚.光电测试技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[17]王海涌,申功勋.线阵CCD视频输出信号傅里叶分析与滤波参数设计。仪表技术与传感器,2003:15-18
[18]董斌,杨韧,刘兴占。一种使用线阵型CCD实现高精度二维位置测量方法。光学技术。1998,9:22-25
[19]张文涛,朱保华。空间光通信APT技术中CCD多次采样分析与研究。应用光学,2004.11
[20]李晓峰,罗彤,邓科等。采用CCD空间光通信光斑位置提取重心算法分析及实验。
[21]陈云亮,于思远,马晶。一种新型卫星光通信高速跟瞄探测装置。光电子.激光,2005.5
[22]周锐,房建成,祝世平。图像测量中光斑尺寸优化及性能分析。仪器仪表学报,2000.4
[23]陈殿仁,邹超.APD激光回波信号探测电路系统研究.长春理工大学学报,2002.2,Vol.25,16-18
[24]张宇,于枫,冯毅。双CCD光斑中心空间定位系统建模与数据处理。光电子激光,2004.6
[25]M.Paindavoine,R.Mosqueron,J.Dubois et.High-speed camera with internal real-time image processing.SPIE 2005,Vol.5920
[26]刘丹平,胡渝。提高光斑图像质心精度去噪方法。光电工程,2005.8
[27]姜复兴,陈希军,吴征能。提高图像跟踪精度一种算法。应用激光,2001.9
[28]闫伟,金元郁。基于Visual C++6.0运动目标形心捕获。微计算机信息,2005年21卷第2期:5-8
[29]尹业宏。基于FPGA星图采集及预处理算法实现,:32-35
[30]谌廷政,吕海宝。CCD细分技术方法研究及应用。光学学报,2002.11
[31]郝云彩,杨秉新,张国瑞。线阵CCD相机细分采样成像像质研究。光学学报,2000.10
[32]李永远,杨世洪,蓝荣清。CCD应用中高速图像数据采集技术。光电工程,1994.2
[33]纪大山,柴饶军,马彩文。基于CCD亚像元细分原理点目标自动采样算法。计算机仿真,2005.8
[34]倪飞,邓兴成.空间光通信ATP系统中光信号处理技术研究.电子科技大学应用物理研究所.成都
[35]王萍萍,艾勇,支新军。自由空间光通信终端机中ATP系统设计。应用激光,2003.12
[36]张忠民,李开瑞。用双线阵CCD实现高准确度微孔自动测量。宇航计测技术,2002.4
[37]王凌,冯华君,徐之海。基于调制传递函数CCD亚像元成像质量评价。浙江大学学报,2004.7
[38]Yuan Tian,Jun Ying,XiuQing Ye,et.DDGIPS-a General Image Processing System in Robot Vision.SPIE 2000,Vol.4222
[39]谢木军,马佳光,傅承毓。空间光通信中精密跟踪瞄准技术。光电工程,2000.2:5-10
[40]田岩涛,常丹华,张彦。线阵CCD信号小波去噪方法研究。传感技术学报,2005.6.:28-30