拼接式等离子体显示系统S-Video/CVBS接口电路及图像处理与驱动电路的研制
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摘要
自上世纪90年代开始,平板显示器件(FPD)受到越来越广泛的关注。经过十余年的发展,平板显示器件已渗透到人们生产生活的许多方面。在手提电脑、PDA和手机等领域,液晶显示屏(LCD)以其“小轻薄”、低功耗、高画质的特点而独占鳌头;在大屏幕显示方面,等离子体显示屏(PDP)以其大视角、高对比度、高分辨率等优势而显示出越来越强的竞争力。
平板显示器件的发展也推动了与其配套的显示系统的发展。显示系统通常是围绕着某种特定的显示器件而设计的,一般可以分为接口电路、图像处理电路、驱动控制电路和显示器件四个部分。接口电路决定了显示系统对不同格式信号的兼容性;图像处理电路将输入信号转换成符合驱动电路要求的格式和时序;驱动控制电路是与显示器件结合最为紧密的一部分,对系统稳定性,图像质量,显示效果等都产生直接影响。
本文涉及了以平板显示器件为核心的显示系统设计的几个主要方面。在成功实现一套配备S-Video/CVBS接口的LCD显示系统的基础上,论文对平板显示器件S-Video/CVBS接口电路设计做了分析和总结。在图像处理电路方面,文中讨论了伪轮廓现象及其成因,同时提出了基于抖动算法减轻静态伪轮廓现象的方案。文中给出了对两种抖动算法的推广,同时还对算法进行了适当的简化,使之便于通过FPGA硬件实现。最后,结合项目涉及的拼接式等离子体显示屏的驱动电路,论文提出了在提高驱动电路稳定性和降低功耗方面的一些措施,这些措施被应用在项目的设计中,并取得了很好的效果。
Since 1990s, more and more attentions have being put on Flat Panel Display (FPD). Nowadays, FPD can easily be found in lots of products. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is widely employed in laptop computers, PDAs and mobile phones because of its small volume, low power consumption and high-quality display effect. Meanwhile, in the field of large screen display, Plasma Display Panel (PDP) featuring high contrast, high resolution and wide visual angle, shows great advantages in competition.The design of display system, which is usually based on specific display equipment, is propelled by the development of FPD. Generally, a display system consists of interface converting circuit, image-processing circuit, driving & controlling circuit and display equipment. Interface converting circuit makes system compatible to certain signal format. Image-processing circuit provides proper sequence and image signal for driving & controlling circuit, which directly links to display equipment and shows great influence on display effect and system stability.This dissertation includes some important aspects of display system design based on FPD. First, an analysis is given on how to design an interface converting circuit and also an implementation of S-Video/CVBS interface for LCD is explained in detail. In this dissertation, dithering algorithm is introduced to solve "false contour" a phenomenon appears when the grayscale level of an image is decreased. Two kinds of dithering algorithm are modified and simplified for the implementation on a FPGA. Finally, getting experience in the design of a PDP driving circuit, several approaches are given on improving system stability and cutting down power consumption.
平板显示器件的发展也推动了与其配套的显示系统的发展。显示系统通常是围绕着某种特定的显示器件而设计的,一般可以分为接口电路、图像处理电路、驱动控制电路和显示器件四个部分。接口电路决定了显示系统对不同格式信号的兼容性;图像处理电路将输入信号转换成符合驱动电路要求的格式和时序;驱动控制电路是与显示器件结合最为紧密的一部分,对系统稳定性,图像质量,显示效果等都产生直接影响。
本文涉及了以平板显示器件为核心的显示系统设计的几个主要方面。在成功实现一套配备S-Video/CVBS接口的LCD显示系统的基础上,论文对平板显示器件S-Video/CVBS接口电路设计做了分析和总结。在图像处理电路方面,文中讨论了伪轮廓现象及其成因,同时提出了基于抖动算法减轻静态伪轮廓现象的方案。文中给出了对两种抖动算法的推广,同时还对算法进行了适当的简化,使之便于通过FPGA硬件实现。最后,结合项目涉及的拼接式等离子体显示屏的驱动电路,论文提出了在提高驱动电路稳定性和降低功耗方面的一些措施,这些措施被应用在项目的设计中,并取得了很好的效果。
Since 1990s, more and more attentions have being put on Flat Panel Display (FPD). Nowadays, FPD can easily be found in lots of products. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is widely employed in laptop computers, PDAs and mobile phones because of its small volume, low power consumption and high-quality display effect. Meanwhile, in the field of large screen display, Plasma Display Panel (PDP) featuring high contrast, high resolution and wide visual angle, shows great advantages in competition.The design of display system, which is usually based on specific display equipment, is propelled by the development of FPD. Generally, a display system consists of interface converting circuit, image-processing circuit, driving & controlling circuit and display equipment. Interface converting circuit makes system compatible to certain signal format. Image-processing circuit provides proper sequence and image signal for driving & controlling circuit, which directly links to display equipment and shows great influence on display effect and system stability.This dissertation includes some important aspects of display system design based on FPD. First, an analysis is given on how to design an interface converting circuit and also an implementation of S-Video/CVBS interface for LCD is explained in detail. In this dissertation, dithering algorithm is introduced to solve "false contour" a phenomenon appears when the grayscale level of an image is decreased. Two kinds of dithering algorithm are modified and simplified for the implementation on a FPGA. Finally, getting experience in the design of a PDP driving circuit, several approaches are given on improving system stability and cutting down power consumption.
引文
[1] 应根裕,胡文波,邱勇等.平板显示技术.人民邮电出版社.2002
[2] David E. Mentley. State of Flat-Panel Display Technology and Future Trends. IEEE, Vol. 90, No.4, April 2002
[3] L. E. Trannas, Jr. Flat Panel Displays and CRTs. New York: Van Nostrand. 1985
[4] Zheng Zhenrong. Studies on Theoretical Analysis and Application of the Optical System Used in Liquid Crystal Projection Display. Doctor paper, 1999.11
[5] 章爱民,倪杰等.具有模块结构的高分辨率彩色AC等离子体大屏幕显示.液晶与显示,1996。
[6] 顾智企,梁宜勇,潘海茵等.基于PDP机理的两种超大屏幕显示.现代显示,2003
[7] 彭飞.拼接式等离子显示器VGA接口电路与驱动控制电路的研究与实现.浙江大学硕士论文,2006
[8] 何祖锡.彩色电视机原理与维修.电子工业出版社,2005
[9] 张小川.多媒体实用技术.电子工业出版社,2005
[10] 张方.AC-PDP多功能视频接口电路研究.西安交通大学硕士论文,2001年3月
[11] 张德荣.www.infoavchina.com.2005.4.21
[12] itbbs.pconline.com.cn.电视基础知识.2004
[13] 陈魏.VGA显示与TV显示的区别及转换.1999
[14] 王玉.DVI接口在数字电视中的应用研究.2006
[15] Digital Display Working Group. DVI specification version 1.0. 1999, 4
[16] 刘玮,张浩.等离子显示器数字视频接口电路的研究.现代显示,总第38期
[17] 冯永茂,丁铁夫,王瑞光等.数字视频接口DVI-1.0.电子技术应用,2003 年第9期
[18] 许金声.平板显示器件原理及应用.机械工业出版社,1996
[19] 孔祥刚,诸静,阳涛.SAA7113H在视频采集接口设计中的应用.电子技术,2003年第12期
[20] 张海英,胡冰,赵新田,吴升艳.用SAA7111A设计模拟视频转换接口.电子工程师
[21] Philips Semiconductors. SAA7111A Enhanced Video Input Processor. 1998, May 15.
[22] Philips. The I~2C-Bus Specification. Version 2.1, 2000,1
[23] Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. IS61LV5128 (Data Sheet). 2001.7.15
[24] Samsung Electronics. S3C2410X 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor USER'S MANUAL Revision 1.2. 2003
[25] ATMEL Corporation. "AT24C01A/02/04/08/16"(Data Sheet).
[26] 顾启民.单片机系统中复位电路的可靠性设计探讨.
[27] IMP Inc. IMP811, IMPS12 (Data Sheet). 1999
[28] ATMEL Corporation. AT89S51(Data Sheet).
[29] 宋志云,陈志炘.使用硬体描述语言实现平板显示器之影像处理演算法. 2003 The 14th Workshop on OOTA, 2003
[30] 曹允.大屏幕彩色PDP的驱动方法与实现.液晶与显示,2003,18(4):290-297。
[31] 朱昌昌.彩色PDP运动图像虚影现象的产生及解决方法.光电子技术,1999,19(1):1-9
[32] 许蓓蕾,锲正才,王俊峰,牛憨笨.一种降低AC-PDP动态伪轮廓的子场排序法.电视技术,2002年第四期
[33] Kang, Henry R. Digital Color Halftoning. SPIE/IEEE series on imaging science & Engineering, 1999
[34] 杨武智.最新影像数位信号处理基础.全华科技图书有限公司,1995
[35] 吕凤军.数字图像处理入门——做一个自己的PhotoShop.清华大学出版社,1999
[36] Kjell Lemstrom, Jorma Tarhio, Tapio Takala. Color Dithering with n-Best Algorithm. The IV Int. Conf. in Central Europe on Comp. Graphics and Visualization, Plzen, 1996
[37] 林福宗.图象文件格式大全.北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[38] Microsoft Corporation. MSDN October 2001 release
[39] 晶辰工作室.最流行图像格式实用参考手册.电子工业出版社,1998年
[40] 黎洪松.数字图象压缩编码技术及其C语言程序范例.北京:学苑出版社,1998
[41] Altera Corporation.QuartusⅡ联机帮助文档.
[42] 彭国贤.彩色PDP的驱动集成电路.国外电子元器件,2001,4:16-20
[43] 曾杰军,沈思宽,钱慰宗,文湘秦.uPDl6337和uPDl6305在PDP驱动电路中的应用.电视技术,2002第4期
[44] 张鹏,吴玉广.uPD16305在等离子体显示器中的应用.电子技术应用,2002年第1期
[45] 柴屹华,葛晨阳,冯华.一种视频格式转换电路的设计与实现.电视技术,2004年第1期
[46] ST Microelectronics, Groups of Companies. STV7697A Data Sheet. 1999
[47] 盛磊,徐科军.基于VHDL的I~2C总线控制核设计.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004.5.
[48] 黄慧娟,王瑞光等.SAA7111A在平板显示视频接口中的应用.液晶与显示,2004,Vol.19,No.4
[49] 陈伟.拼接式等离子显示显示系统DVI接口电路与图像处理电路的研制.浙江大学硕士论文,2006
[50] 刘富强.数字视频监控系统开发及应用.机械工业出版社.2003
[2] David E. Mentley. State of Flat-Panel Display Technology and Future Trends. IEEE, Vol. 90, No.4, April 2002
[3] L. E. Trannas, Jr. Flat Panel Displays and CRTs. New York: Van Nostrand. 1985
[4] Zheng Zhenrong. Studies on Theoretical Analysis and Application of the Optical System Used in Liquid Crystal Projection Display. Doctor paper, 1999.11
[5] 章爱民,倪杰等.具有模块结构的高分辨率彩色AC等离子体大屏幕显示.液晶与显示,1996。
[6] 顾智企,梁宜勇,潘海茵等.基于PDP机理的两种超大屏幕显示.现代显示,2003
[7] 彭飞.拼接式等离子显示器VGA接口电路与驱动控制电路的研究与实现.浙江大学硕士论文,2006
[8] 何祖锡.彩色电视机原理与维修.电子工业出版社,2005
[9] 张小川.多媒体实用技术.电子工业出版社,2005
[10] 张方.AC-PDP多功能视频接口电路研究.西安交通大学硕士论文,2001年3月
[11] 张德荣.www.infoavchina.com.2005.4.21
[12] itbbs.pconline.com.cn.电视基础知识.2004
[13] 陈魏.VGA显示与TV显示的区别及转换.1999
[14] 王玉.DVI接口在数字电视中的应用研究.2006
[15] Digital Display Working Group. DVI specification version 1.0. 1999, 4
[16] 刘玮,张浩.等离子显示器数字视频接口电路的研究.现代显示,总第38期
[17] 冯永茂,丁铁夫,王瑞光等.数字视频接口DVI-1.0.电子技术应用,2003 年第9期
[18] 许金声.平板显示器件原理及应用.机械工业出版社,1996
[19] 孔祥刚,诸静,阳涛.SAA7113H在视频采集接口设计中的应用.电子技术,2003年第12期
[20] 张海英,胡冰,赵新田,吴升艳.用SAA7111A设计模拟视频转换接口.电子工程师
[21] Philips Semiconductors. SAA7111A Enhanced Video Input Processor. 1998, May 15.
[22] Philips. The I~2C-Bus Specification. Version 2.1, 2000,1
[23] Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. IS61LV5128 (Data Sheet). 2001.7.15
[24] Samsung Electronics. S3C2410X 32-Bit RISC Microprocessor USER'S MANUAL Revision 1.2. 2003
[25] ATMEL Corporation. "AT24C01A/02/04/08/16"(Data Sheet).
[26] 顾启民.单片机系统中复位电路的可靠性设计探讨.
[27] IMP Inc. IMP811, IMPS12 (Data Sheet). 1999
[28] ATMEL Corporation. AT89S51(Data Sheet).
[29] 宋志云,陈志炘.使用硬体描述语言实现平板显示器之影像处理演算法. 2003 The 14th Workshop on OOTA, 2003
[30] 曹允.大屏幕彩色PDP的驱动方法与实现.液晶与显示,2003,18(4):290-297。
[31] 朱昌昌.彩色PDP运动图像虚影现象的产生及解决方法.光电子技术,1999,19(1):1-9
[32] 许蓓蕾,锲正才,王俊峰,牛憨笨.一种降低AC-PDP动态伪轮廓的子场排序法.电视技术,2002年第四期
[33] Kang, Henry R. Digital Color Halftoning. SPIE/IEEE series on imaging science & Engineering, 1999
[34] 杨武智.最新影像数位信号处理基础.全华科技图书有限公司,1995
[35] 吕凤军.数字图像处理入门——做一个自己的PhotoShop.清华大学出版社,1999
[36] Kjell Lemstrom, Jorma Tarhio, Tapio Takala. Color Dithering with n-Best Algorithm. The IV Int. Conf. in Central Europe on Comp. Graphics and Visualization, Plzen, 1996
[37] 林福宗.图象文件格式大全.北京:清华大学出版社,1998
[38] Microsoft Corporation. MSDN October 2001 release
[39] 晶辰工作室.最流行图像格式实用参考手册.电子工业出版社,1998年
[40] 黎洪松.数字图象压缩编码技术及其C语言程序范例.北京:学苑出版社,1998
[41] Altera Corporation.QuartusⅡ联机帮助文档.
[42] 彭国贤.彩色PDP的驱动集成电路.国外电子元器件,2001,4:16-20
[43] 曾杰军,沈思宽,钱慰宗,文湘秦.uPDl6337和uPDl6305在PDP驱动电路中的应用.电视技术,2002第4期
[44] 张鹏,吴玉广.uPD16305在等离子体显示器中的应用.电子技术应用,2002年第1期
[45] 柴屹华,葛晨阳,冯华.一种视频格式转换电路的设计与实现.电视技术,2004年第1期
[46] ST Microelectronics, Groups of Companies. STV7697A Data Sheet. 1999
[47] 盛磊,徐科军.基于VHDL的I~2C总线控制核设计.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004.5.
[48] 黄慧娟,王瑞光等.SAA7111A在平板显示视频接口中的应用.液晶与显示,2004,Vol.19,No.4
[49] 陈伟.拼接式等离子显示显示系统DVI接口电路与图像处理电路的研制.浙江大学硕士论文,2006
[50] 刘富强.数字视频监控系统开发及应用.机械工业出版社.2003