供热管网水力计算模型研究
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摘要
论文针对供热管网实际情况,建立了通用的供热管网水力计算模型并进行编程求解。对节点方程法进行改进,构造了新的迭代方程式,提高了计算收敛性。运用Visual Basic语言结合Access数据库编制了水力计算软件,并实现了管网运行工况相关数据的图形显示及查询。通过实例证明了模型的正确性,算法合理、收敛性好,可为热网的安全运行及设计改造提供有效依据。此外,利用编制的软件对多热源环状管网变工况实例进行了水力计算,得到了管网的管段流量、流速、水头损失、比摩阻等参数,并进行了详细分析。
In the paper, a universal hydraulic calculational model for heat-supply network was established and solved with program. And a new iterative equation was well constructed through improving the existing node equation method which enhanced the astringency of calculation. The hydraulic calculation software of the heat-supply network was programmed with Visual Basic language combined with Access database, which realized the function of displaying graphical and data query. And then values of a network calculated with the developed software was compared with measured values to prove the correctness of the model, which can provide an effective basis for the safe operation and reasonable design modification of the heat-supply network.Also, the results show that the algorithm is reasonable and the convergence is perfect.In addition, the hydraulic calculation in variable working condition for a multi-heat source ring-shaped heat-supply network was presented in the paper with the software. And then we got conclusions about the operation condition of the heat-supply network through analyse the obtained correlative parameters of that pipe network such as the flow of the pipe section, velocity, head loss, friction-resistance ratio.
In the paper, a universal hydraulic calculational model for heat-supply network was established and solved with program. And a new iterative equation was well constructed through improving the existing node equation method which enhanced the astringency of calculation. The hydraulic calculation software of the heat-supply network was programmed with Visual Basic language combined with Access database, which realized the function of displaying graphical and data query. And then values of a network calculated with the developed software was compared with measured values to prove the correctness of the model, which can provide an effective basis for the safe operation and reasonable design modification of the heat-supply network.Also, the results show that the algorithm is reasonable and the convergence is perfect.In addition, the hydraulic calculation in variable working condition for a multi-heat source ring-shaped heat-supply network was presented in the paper with the software. And then we got conclusions about the operation condition of the heat-supply network through analyse the obtained correlative parameters of that pipe network such as the flow of the pipe section, velocity, head loss, friction-resistance ratio.
引文
[1]洪钟.集中供热管网运行调控仿真:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京航空航天大学,2004
[2] Atli Benonysson,Benny B?hm,Hans F.Ravn.Operational Optimization in a District Heating System.Energy Conversion and Management.1995,36(5):297～314
[3] Marianne Lynch.Financial Considerations for Developers of District Heating Projects.District Heating.1981,66(4):227～231
[4] N.M.Zigger,S.A.Baibakov,B.N.Gromov.Improving the Controllability of Heating Networks When They are Reconstructed and Re-equipped.Thermal Engineering (English Translation of Teploenergetika).1990,37(9):495～496
[5]张怀宇,吴学伟.给水管网水力计算程序的实现.管道技术与设备,1995,(6): 32～34
[6]陈三明,王洪涛.智能化管网平差系统的开发.桂林工学院学报,2003,23(1):124～127
[7]包志仁,刘国华,包根海.给水管网平差环方程法的改进.浙江大学学报.2000,34(4):69～72
[8]肖益民,付祥钊.环状供热管网水力计算方法探讨.重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2005,28(11):122～124
[9]李祥立,孙宗宇,邹平华.多热源环状热水管网的水力计算与分析.暖通空调,2004,34(7):97～101
[10]李祥立,王晓霞,周志刚,等.枝状供热管网水力工况模拟分析.煤气与热力.2004,24(10):554～557
[11]宋森正,张启海,李振佳.城市给水管网的计算方法及应用.山东水利科技.1997,(1):5～8
[12]王彤,韩大鹏,杜社芽.多水源供水管网水力计算方法研究.陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31:185～188
[13]徐宝萍,付林,狄洪发.大型多热源环状热水网水力计算方法.区域供热,2005,6:25～32
[14]尚玲玲,郭勇.大型供热系统水力仿真计算方法的研究.山东电力技术,2006,(6):10～13
[15]王晓霞.环状热网故障工况限额供热的研究.煤气与热力,2006,26(6): 61～64
[16]吕向阳,韩宪法,李川,等.基于图论的环网模拟分析调节法应用分析.河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2007,24(3):16～19
[17]方永忠.生成树变换法求输配水系统最短供水路线.中国给水排水,1996,12(4):21～23
[18]秦导,王健红.管段网路拓扑模型与分析.北京工业大学学报.2002,29(2):24～28
[19]王国明,詹宇胜,叶灵.环状给水管网节点流量算法.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)2003,26(3):1208～1212
[20]陈庆华,刘胜荣.“节点平衡法”在供热管道水力计算中的应用.能源研究与利用,2002,(2):40～41
[21]苏石,孔繁德.供热管道水力计算新方法——“节点平衡法”.煤炭技术,2006,25(10):119～120
[22]彭永臻,崔福义.给水排水工程计算机应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社(第二版),2002:150～180
[23]秦绪忠,江亿.基于遗传算法的环形供热网可及性分析.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1999,39(6):90～94
[24]秦绪忠,江亿.多热源并网供热的水力优化调度研究.暖通空调,2001,31 (1):11～16
[25] Z.Y.Wu,T.Walski.Self-adaptive Penalty Cost for Optimal Design of Water Distribution Systems.Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management.2005, 131(3):181～192
[26] Z.Y.Wu,A.R.Simpson.Competent Genetic-Evolutionary Optimization of Water Distribution Systems.Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,2001,15(2): 89～101
[27]孟建丽,张润斌.基于长期计划的动态给水管网优化设计模型.科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(10):199～201
[28]黄文,管昌生.供热系统优化方法研究.国外建材科技,2005,26(2):81～83
[29] Bryan A.Tolson,Holger R.Maierl,Angus R.Simpson,et al.Genetic Algorithms for Reliability-Based Optimization of Water Distribution Systems.Journal of Water Resources and Management,2004,130(1):63～72
[30] A.Krope,J.Krope,D.Goricanec.Optimal Design of District Heating Networks Operating with Drag Reducing Additives.In:M.H.Hamza,eds.Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Applied Modeling and Simulation.Cairns, Queensland,Australia:Acta Press,1999.294～298
[31] H.Aamot,G.Phetteplace.Long Distance Heat Transmission with Steam and Hot Water.In:Eric.J.Jeffs,eds.Total energy:Proceeding of the First International Total Energy Congress.Copenhagen,Denmark:M.Freeman Publications,1977.517～549
[32]吉灯才.变频泵供水方式下环状给水管网优化设计.广州建筑,2005,(5): 38～40
[33]吕谋,徐鹏友,葛厚斌,等.给水管网的计算机辅助优化设计方法.青岛建筑工程学院学报,1998,19(3):41～46
[34]李祥立,邹平华.基于模拟退火算法的供热管网优化设计.暖通空调HV&AC,2005,35(4):77～81
[35] Branislav Ja?imovic,Branislav ?ivkovi?,Srbislav Genci?,et al.Supply Water Teamperature Regulation Problems in District Heating Network with Both Direct and In direct Connection.Energy and Buildings,1998,28(3):317～322
[36] V.A.Permyakov.New Heat-exchange Equipment for Industrial Power Plants and System for Heat Supply.Tyazheloe Mashinostroenie,1997,9:27～31
[37] B.Linhoff,J.R.Flower.Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks.AiChe Jounal,1978, 24:365～376
[38] Fredrik Wernstedt,Paul Davidsson.An Agent-Based Approach to Monitoring and Control of District Heating Systems.In:Blekinge Institute of Technology,eds.Lecture Notes In Computer Science.Cairns,Australia:Springer-Verlag,2002.801～811
[39]Z.Poulakis,D.Valougeorgis,C.Papadimitriou.Leakage detection in water pipe networks using a Bayesian probabilistic framework.Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,2003:315～327
[40]赵冰竹,吕德臣.集中供热微机远程监测系统及其应用.佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2002,20(4):393～395
[41]成祖德.监控系统在合肥市集中供热管网中的应用.安徽建筑,2005,(4): 103～104
[42]王利,孙志德,李山河.供热系统换热首站计算机监控系统.煤气与热力,2005,25(12):36～38
[43]董志国.集中供热管网的监控系统.煤气与热力,2005,25(10):19～21
[44]周书葵,许仕荣.城市供水管网水压监测点优化布置的研究.南华大学学报(自然科学版),2005,19(1):59～63
[45]赖举.计量供热系统热网的自动控制.制冷与空调,2005,(4):43～45
[46]王江江,安大伟,娄承芝,等.集中供热自控系统.煤气与热力,2004,24(5):260～263
[47]于静,车俊铁.燃气锅炉集中供暖监控系统设计.供热工程,2007,(1): 33～34
[48] Saud A.Taher,John W.Labadie.Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks With GIS.Journal of Water Resources planning and Management,1996,122(4): 301～311
[49] M.S.Morley,R.M.Atkinson,D.A.Savi?*,et al.GAnet:genetic algorithm platform for pipe network optimization.Advances in Engineering Software,2001,(32):467～475
[50]郭勇,胡三高,邢振河,等.区域供热管网仿真软件的开发.现代电力,2001,18(3):12～18
[51]张建华.集中供热系统的水力计算及地理信息系统的开发:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2000
[52]丁星阳.基于GIS的供热管网可视化仿真系统的理论研究与应用开发:[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2003
[53]严煦世,刘遂庆.给水排水管网系统.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002. 66～114
[54]严煦世,赵宏宾.给水管网理论和计算.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986. 57～126
[55]贺平,孙刚.供热工程.北京:中国建筑出版社(第三版),1993.64～185
[56]吴飞.集中供热管网的设计方法分析与改进:[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006
[57]王继明,刘桂森,王中孚.给水排水管道工程.北京:清华大学出版社,1989.83～119
[58]中华人民共和国建设部.GJJ34-2002.城市热网设计规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002
[2] Atli Benonysson,Benny B?hm,Hans F.Ravn.Operational Optimization in a District Heating System.Energy Conversion and Management.1995,36(5):297～314
[3] Marianne Lynch.Financial Considerations for Developers of District Heating Projects.District Heating.1981,66(4):227～231
[4] N.M.Zigger,S.A.Baibakov,B.N.Gromov.Improving the Controllability of Heating Networks When They are Reconstructed and Re-equipped.Thermal Engineering (English Translation of Teploenergetika).1990,37(9):495～496
[5]张怀宇,吴学伟.给水管网水力计算程序的实现.管道技术与设备,1995,(6): 32～34
[6]陈三明,王洪涛.智能化管网平差系统的开发.桂林工学院学报,2003,23(1):124～127
[7]包志仁,刘国华,包根海.给水管网平差环方程法的改进.浙江大学学报.2000,34(4):69～72
[8]肖益民,付祥钊.环状供热管网水力计算方法探讨.重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2005,28(11):122～124
[9]李祥立,孙宗宇,邹平华.多热源环状热水管网的水力计算与分析.暖通空调,2004,34(7):97～101
[10]李祥立,王晓霞,周志刚,等.枝状供热管网水力工况模拟分析.煤气与热力.2004,24(10):554～557
[11]宋森正,张启海,李振佳.城市给水管网的计算方法及应用.山东水利科技.1997,(1):5～8
[12]王彤,韩大鹏,杜社芽.多水源供水管网水力计算方法研究.陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31:185～188
[13]徐宝萍,付林,狄洪发.大型多热源环状热水网水力计算方法.区域供热,2005,6:25～32
[14]尚玲玲,郭勇.大型供热系统水力仿真计算方法的研究.山东电力技术,2006,(6):10～13
[15]王晓霞.环状热网故障工况限额供热的研究.煤气与热力,2006,26(6): 61～64
[16]吕向阳,韩宪法,李川,等.基于图论的环网模拟分析调节法应用分析.河北工程大学学报(自然科学版),2007,24(3):16～19
[17]方永忠.生成树变换法求输配水系统最短供水路线.中国给水排水,1996,12(4):21～23
[18]秦导,王健红.管段网路拓扑模型与分析.北京工业大学学报.2002,29(2):24～28
[19]王国明,詹宇胜,叶灵.环状给水管网节点流量算法.合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)2003,26(3):1208～1212
[20]陈庆华,刘胜荣.“节点平衡法”在供热管道水力计算中的应用.能源研究与利用,2002,(2):40～41
[21]苏石,孔繁德.供热管道水力计算新方法——“节点平衡法”.煤炭技术,2006,25(10):119～120
[22]彭永臻,崔福义.给水排水工程计算机应用.北京:中国建筑工业出版社(第二版),2002:150～180
[23]秦绪忠,江亿.基于遗传算法的环形供热网可及性分析.清华大学学报(自然科学版),1999,39(6):90～94
[24]秦绪忠,江亿.多热源并网供热的水力优化调度研究.暖通空调,2001,31 (1):11～16
[25] Z.Y.Wu,T.Walski.Self-adaptive Penalty Cost for Optimal Design of Water Distribution Systems.Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management.2005, 131(3):181～192
[26] Z.Y.Wu,A.R.Simpson.Competent Genetic-Evolutionary Optimization of Water Distribution Systems.Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering,2001,15(2): 89～101
[27]孟建丽,张润斌.基于长期计划的动态给水管网优化设计模型.科技情报开发与经济,2004,14(10):199～201
[28]黄文,管昌生.供热系统优化方法研究.国外建材科技,2005,26(2):81～83
[29] Bryan A.Tolson,Holger R.Maierl,Angus R.Simpson,et al.Genetic Algorithms for Reliability-Based Optimization of Water Distribution Systems.Journal of Water Resources and Management,2004,130(1):63～72
[30] A.Krope,J.Krope,D.Goricanec.Optimal Design of District Heating Networks Operating with Drag Reducing Additives.In:M.H.Hamza,eds.Proceedings of the IASTED International Conference on Applied Modeling and Simulation.Cairns, Queensland,Australia:Acta Press,1999.294～298
[31] H.Aamot,G.Phetteplace.Long Distance Heat Transmission with Steam and Hot Water.In:Eric.J.Jeffs,eds.Total energy:Proceeding of the First International Total Energy Congress.Copenhagen,Denmark:M.Freeman Publications,1977.517～549
[32]吉灯才.变频泵供水方式下环状给水管网优化设计.广州建筑,2005,(5): 38～40
[33]吕谋,徐鹏友,葛厚斌,等.给水管网的计算机辅助优化设计方法.青岛建筑工程学院学报,1998,19(3):41～46
[34]李祥立,邹平华.基于模拟退火算法的供热管网优化设计.暖通空调HV&AC,2005,35(4):77～81
[35] Branislav Ja?imovic,Branislav ?ivkovi?,Srbislav Genci?,et al.Supply Water Teamperature Regulation Problems in District Heating Network with Both Direct and In direct Connection.Energy and Buildings,1998,28(3):317～322
[36] V.A.Permyakov.New Heat-exchange Equipment for Industrial Power Plants and System for Heat Supply.Tyazheloe Mashinostroenie,1997,9:27～31
[37] B.Linhoff,J.R.Flower.Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks.AiChe Jounal,1978, 24:365～376
[38] Fredrik Wernstedt,Paul Davidsson.An Agent-Based Approach to Monitoring and Control of District Heating Systems.In:Blekinge Institute of Technology,eds.Lecture Notes In Computer Science.Cairns,Australia:Springer-Verlag,2002.801～811
[39]Z.Poulakis,D.Valougeorgis,C.Papadimitriou.Leakage detection in water pipe networks using a Bayesian probabilistic framework.Probabilistic Engineering Mechanics,2003:315～327
[40]赵冰竹,吕德臣.集中供热微机远程监测系统及其应用.佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2002,20(4):393～395
[41]成祖德.监控系统在合肥市集中供热管网中的应用.安徽建筑,2005,(4): 103～104
[42]王利,孙志德,李山河.供热系统换热首站计算机监控系统.煤气与热力,2005,25(12):36～38
[43]董志国.集中供热管网的监控系统.煤气与热力,2005,25(10):19～21
[44]周书葵,许仕荣.城市供水管网水压监测点优化布置的研究.南华大学学报(自然科学版),2005,19(1):59～63
[45]赖举.计量供热系统热网的自动控制.制冷与空调,2005,(4):43～45
[46]王江江,安大伟,娄承芝,等.集中供热自控系统.煤气与热力,2004,24(5):260～263
[47]于静,车俊铁.燃气锅炉集中供暖监控系统设计.供热工程,2007,(1): 33～34
[48] Saud A.Taher,John W.Labadie.Optimal Design of Water Distribution Networks With GIS.Journal of Water Resources planning and Management,1996,122(4): 301～311
[49] M.S.Morley,R.M.Atkinson,D.A.Savi?*,et al.GAnet:genetic algorithm platform for pipe network optimization.Advances in Engineering Software,2001,(32):467～475
[50]郭勇,胡三高,邢振河,等.区域供热管网仿真软件的开发.现代电力,2001,18(3):12～18
[51]张建华.集中供热系统的水力计算及地理信息系统的开发:[硕士学位论文].北京:华北电力大学,2000
[52]丁星阳.基于GIS的供热管网可视化仿真系统的理论研究与应用开发:[硕士学位论文].杭州:浙江大学,2003
[53]严煦世,刘遂庆.给水排水管网系统.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002. 66～114
[54]严煦世,赵宏宾.给水管网理论和计算.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986. 57～126
[55]贺平,孙刚.供热工程.北京:中国建筑出版社(第三版),1993.64～185
[56]吴飞.集中供热管网的设计方法分析与改进:[硕士学位论文].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2006
[57]王继明,刘桂森,王中孚.给水排水管道工程.北京:清华大学出版社,1989.83～119
[58]中华人民共和国建设部.GJJ34-2002.城市热网设计规范.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002