GNSS完好性增强理论与方法研究
|
摘要
本文紧紧围绕利用星基增强系统(SBAS)和地基增强系统(GBAS)对卫星导航系统(GNSS)进行完好性增强这一主题展开研究,主要内容如下:
1、归纳总结了卫星导航系统完好性保障的理论与方法,明确了民用航空对卫星导航系统的性能需求,给出了系统完好性的概念及其监测方法,研究分析了系统完好性保障领域存在并需解决的问题。
2、对欧洲GALILEO卫星导航系统进行了系统仿真,分析了GALILEO系统的性能和完好性保障方法。通过分析得出,GALILEO系统星座部署较GPS星座更具优势,GALILEO系统GDOP值的变化规律在低仰角情况下与GPS相当,在高仰角情况下具有明显优势。
3、研究了分米级星基增强系统的关键技术,并进行了精度分析。对基于伪距与载波相位组合观测量和精化摄动力模型的卫星轨道与钟差的精密确定进行了分析研究。通过采用全球的GPS数据,预报3小时精度优于15cm,采用国内一类基准站+部分国际站,国际站用网络取滞后1小时的观测数据定轨,预报2小时轨道精度可优于20cm,卫星钟差的解算精度可以达到0.3ns。采用精化格网电离层模型,由上海多功能GPS综合服务网的观测数据建立VTEC单站模型,校正SHSS站观测的PRN25卫星信号的电离层延迟,扣除系统偏差后精度好于0.2m。
4、研究分析了WAAS的电文系统,阐述了星基增强系统如何通过其电文系统对差分及完好性信息进行准确的传播。通过分析得出,WAAS电文系统充分考虑了卫星快变、慢变改正数和电离层延迟改正数及其误差范围等参数的表示方法,此外还考虑了改正数误差范围的退化因子,用户可通过电文中的完好性信息在时域上更加准确的估计改正数残留误差,从而更加准确地估计定位域误差保护限值。
5、针对星基增强系统完好性参数取值相对保守和加权最小二乘定位解算中权阵计算相对不合理问题,提出了综合考虑精度和完好性的SBAS定位解算优化方案。在适当放宽完好性要求条件下调整完好性参数UDRE和GIVE取值,可以更好地符合真实卫星信号的误差特性,并进一步计算新的权阵。使用新权阵的加权最小二乘解可以在一定程度上提升定位结果的精度;使用新调整的完好性参数UDRE和GIVE计算得出的VPL值更小,对定位误差仍具有包络作用;采用自适应的载波相位平滑伪距时间可使得定位精度达到最优。
6、针对星载原子钟相位异常和频率异常情况,提出了一种基于平稳时间序列的星载原子钟异常监测算法。该算法通过对卫星钟差进行双差处理构建平稳时间序列,然后对平稳时间序列中的异常进行监测,其实质是从平稳的随机过程中监测不平稳的状态,从而达到监测卫星钟相位异常和频率异常的目的。
7、研究了JPALS的原理、关键技术和核心算法。通过分析研究得出LB-JPALS的DFS算法与SB-JPALS的WLFS算法有些近似,但又不完全相同,主要区别是,WLFS算法是对L1和L2宽巷组合观测值进行实数域的平滑处理,而DFS算法是对L1(或L2)单频观测值的平滑处理。因而,SB-JPALS机载设备必须是双频接收机以满足WLFS处理过程,并且WLFS算法的宽巷组合观测值已在平滑处理前将电离层延迟消除,因而不存在平滑中存在的电离层延迟快速变化在码和相位之间存在偏差的问题。
8、对基于非零均值非高斯分布的多路径误差模型进行了膨胀分析。该方法的提出基于用户端计算定位域保护限值的前提条件是伪距域残差服从零均值高斯分布,然而伪距域残差中的主要分量多路径误差并非服从零均值高斯分布。本文从多路径误差分布的分析入手,引入“包络”的概念,推导了三种多路径误差分布模型,并针对每种误差分布模型,分别研究了如何构造零均值高斯分布模型“包络”非高斯分布的多路径误差分布模型,并计算相应的膨胀因子,从理论上体现了完好性保障方法的严密性和有效性。
9、研究了地基增强系统的异常监测体系和流程。该体系由一系列的异常监测算法与执行逻辑构成,比星基增强系统的异常监测体系更全面,要求更高。它可以对卫星导航信号、观测量和电文进行比较全面的监测,并能对故障点进行有效地定位、隔离和排除。
10、研究了基于B值Sigma的异常监测算法。这种监测算法是针对伪距域出现的异常随机误差而提出的。基于B值Sigma开方监测算法是在时域开窗,并对窗口内采样点Sigma求平方和构造检验量;基于B值Sigma累积和监测算法是对B值标准化之后,求累积和构造检验量,通过将检验量与限值比较判定是否有异常发生。仿真计算结果表明,基于B值Sigma开方监测算法和基于B值Sigma累计和监测算法均能够有效地监测GBAS参考站异常随机误差。
11、针对局部电离层风暴对地基增强系统的影响,引入了局部电离层风暴模型并提出了相应的监测算法,并在此基础上改进了伪距差分算法。若电离层风暴发生在局域差分有效服务区内,使电离层延迟误差在空域和时域上去相关化,则会对系统完好性构成较大威胁。对此,本文提供时域异常监测的CCDMA算法和DSCMA算法,提出空域异常监测的DRSMA算法,并改进了伪距差分算法,以在电离层风暴发生时对伪距差分改正数进行补偿。仿真结果表明,改进的伪距差分定位算法能有效减小用户定位结果的系统偏差,提高定位精度。
The dissertation mainly focuses on the theory and algorithms about GNSS integrity of Satellite-Based Augment System and Ground-Based Augment System, the main works and contributions are summarized as follows:
1. The theory and methods are introduced and discussed on GNSS integrity. The GNSS performance requirements are analyzed, the conception of integrity is defined and the monitoring methods are studied, finally some technical challenges are listed which are the mianly works to study.
2. Simulation system of GALILEO is built, through which the performance of GALILEO is analyzed, and the methods of integrity ensurement are studied. According the analysis with the simulation system, the conclusion can be drawn that the constellation of GALILEO is better than that of GPS because the value of GDOP of GALILEO is similar to that of GPS at low elevation and much better than that of GPS at high elevation.
3. The base frame and key techniques of Wide Area Precise Point Position at decimeter-level is studied, and a primary accuracy analysis is made. Precise orbit and clock is determined by using combined measurement consisted of pseudorange and carrier phase.Though analyzing, it is shown that the error of pridicted orbit within 3 hours is less than 15 centimeter using the data from the sations allover the world, and the error of pridicted orbit within 2 hours is less than 20 centimeter using the data from the domestic and aboard sations of the first kind.The error of the pridicted clock is less than 0.3ns.The error of the ionosphere delay coreection built by SHSS reference station conducted from system bias using optimized grid ionosphere model is less than 0.2m.
4. The SBAS message system is studied, it is expatiated how to define and transport the differential and integrity information exactly and roundly. The SBAS message system not only considers the fast correction, long term correction and ionosphere delay correction and bouds the error of these corrections, but also considers the degenerated factors, using these corrections and dagenetated factors, more exact error bound can be estimated at position domian.
5. A new method which optimizing accuracy and stability is studied. If the requirement of integrity is relaxed and the value of UDRE and GIVE is adjusted so as to fit the reality, the position accuracy can be improved using Least-Squares based on the new weight. The VPL will be smaller than before using the adjusted sigma. The accuracy at position domain can be improved by adjusting adaptive carrier smoothing using code-carrier divergence .
6. a x~2 monitoring method is studied to detect the atomic clock anomaly of the navigation satellites by making atomic clock bias twice difference and biulding the balanced time serial.Through analyzing, the conclusion can be drawn that double difference method is effective for the phase anomaly but not effective for frequency anomaly,and x~2 method based balancedtime serial is effective for both phase anomaly and frequency anomaly.
7. The key principle and algorithoms of Joint Precise Approach System are studied. Through analyzing the conclusion can be drawn that the DFS algorithm of LB-JPALS is similar to the WLFS algorithm of SB-JPALS, and the diffrence between them is that the Wide-Lane mixed measurement of L1 and L2 frequence is smoothed by carrier phase towards WLFS algorithm and the pseudorange of single frequence is smoothed by carrier phase towards DFS algorithm. So the reciever of SB-JPALS must be double frequece reciever so as to satisfy WLFS algorithm, and WLFS algorithm need not care about code carrier divergence as the ionosphere delay has been removed befor smoothing.
8. The integrity algorithom of GBAS based on non-gausss distribution is studied. The primary method of calculating VPL is based on the gauss distribution of the sigma of the residual pseudorange error, but multi-path error is the main component of the residual pseudorange error and is not gauss. A new method how to inflate the sigma is studied so as to ensure rigorous theoretically.
9. The system and flow how to monitor anomaly of GBAS is designed. The system is consist of some algorithoms used to monitoring anomaly and execute logic, the system is more entirely and difficult than SBAS, with the system and the execute logic, mesurement and message can be monitored and can be isolated if they seems to be anomaly.
10. The monitoring algorithm on Sigma anomaly based on B-Value is studied. Through the analysis it is shown that the Sigma Monitoring Algorithm based on B-Value and SUM Algorithm are also effective to anomaly error of the pseudorange correction.
11. The effect toward GBAS when ionosphere storm occures is modeled and the monitoring algorithms are studied, and the method of Local Area Difference is improved.GBAS is based on the case that the errers on the pseudoranges observed by user and reference station is similar, so the correction provided by reference station is used to correct the pseudorange measurements observed by users. But when ionosphere anomaly is met, the errers between the the station and user is quit different and the positioning solution is effected.The dissertation provides CCDMA and DSCMA algorithm to detect the ionosphere anomaly, and the differential positioning solution of GBAS is improved. It's shown that the provided algorithm mitigrates the threat for GBAS.
1、归纳总结了卫星导航系统完好性保障的理论与方法,明确了民用航空对卫星导航系统的性能需求,给出了系统完好性的概念及其监测方法,研究分析了系统完好性保障领域存在并需解决的问题。
2、对欧洲GALILEO卫星导航系统进行了系统仿真,分析了GALILEO系统的性能和完好性保障方法。通过分析得出,GALILEO系统星座部署较GPS星座更具优势,GALILEO系统GDOP值的变化规律在低仰角情况下与GPS相当,在高仰角情况下具有明显优势。
3、研究了分米级星基增强系统的关键技术,并进行了精度分析。对基于伪距与载波相位组合观测量和精化摄动力模型的卫星轨道与钟差的精密确定进行了分析研究。通过采用全球的GPS数据,预报3小时精度优于15cm,采用国内一类基准站+部分国际站,国际站用网络取滞后1小时的观测数据定轨,预报2小时轨道精度可优于20cm,卫星钟差的解算精度可以达到0.3ns。采用精化格网电离层模型,由上海多功能GPS综合服务网的观测数据建立VTEC单站模型,校正SHSS站观测的PRN25卫星信号的电离层延迟,扣除系统偏差后精度好于0.2m。
4、研究分析了WAAS的电文系统,阐述了星基增强系统如何通过其电文系统对差分及完好性信息进行准确的传播。通过分析得出,WAAS电文系统充分考虑了卫星快变、慢变改正数和电离层延迟改正数及其误差范围等参数的表示方法,此外还考虑了改正数误差范围的退化因子,用户可通过电文中的完好性信息在时域上更加准确的估计改正数残留误差,从而更加准确地估计定位域误差保护限值。
5、针对星基增强系统完好性参数取值相对保守和加权最小二乘定位解算中权阵计算相对不合理问题,提出了综合考虑精度和完好性的SBAS定位解算优化方案。在适当放宽完好性要求条件下调整完好性参数UDRE和GIVE取值,可以更好地符合真实卫星信号的误差特性,并进一步计算新的权阵。使用新权阵的加权最小二乘解可以在一定程度上提升定位结果的精度;使用新调整的完好性参数UDRE和GIVE计算得出的VPL值更小,对定位误差仍具有包络作用;采用自适应的载波相位平滑伪距时间可使得定位精度达到最优。
6、针对星载原子钟相位异常和频率异常情况,提出了一种基于平稳时间序列的星载原子钟异常监测算法。该算法通过对卫星钟差进行双差处理构建平稳时间序列,然后对平稳时间序列中的异常进行监测,其实质是从平稳的随机过程中监测不平稳的状态,从而达到监测卫星钟相位异常和频率异常的目的。
7、研究了JPALS的原理、关键技术和核心算法。通过分析研究得出LB-JPALS的DFS算法与SB-JPALS的WLFS算法有些近似,但又不完全相同,主要区别是,WLFS算法是对L1和L2宽巷组合观测值进行实数域的平滑处理,而DFS算法是对L1(或L2)单频观测值的平滑处理。因而,SB-JPALS机载设备必须是双频接收机以满足WLFS处理过程,并且WLFS算法的宽巷组合观测值已在平滑处理前将电离层延迟消除,因而不存在平滑中存在的电离层延迟快速变化在码和相位之间存在偏差的问题。
8、对基于非零均值非高斯分布的多路径误差模型进行了膨胀分析。该方法的提出基于用户端计算定位域保护限值的前提条件是伪距域残差服从零均值高斯分布,然而伪距域残差中的主要分量多路径误差并非服从零均值高斯分布。本文从多路径误差分布的分析入手,引入“包络”的概念,推导了三种多路径误差分布模型,并针对每种误差分布模型,分别研究了如何构造零均值高斯分布模型“包络”非高斯分布的多路径误差分布模型,并计算相应的膨胀因子,从理论上体现了完好性保障方法的严密性和有效性。
9、研究了地基增强系统的异常监测体系和流程。该体系由一系列的异常监测算法与执行逻辑构成,比星基增强系统的异常监测体系更全面,要求更高。它可以对卫星导航信号、观测量和电文进行比较全面的监测,并能对故障点进行有效地定位、隔离和排除。
10、研究了基于B值Sigma的异常监测算法。这种监测算法是针对伪距域出现的异常随机误差而提出的。基于B值Sigma开方监测算法是在时域开窗,并对窗口内采样点Sigma求平方和构造检验量;基于B值Sigma累积和监测算法是对B值标准化之后,求累积和构造检验量,通过将检验量与限值比较判定是否有异常发生。仿真计算结果表明,基于B值Sigma开方监测算法和基于B值Sigma累计和监测算法均能够有效地监测GBAS参考站异常随机误差。
11、针对局部电离层风暴对地基增强系统的影响,引入了局部电离层风暴模型并提出了相应的监测算法,并在此基础上改进了伪距差分算法。若电离层风暴发生在局域差分有效服务区内,使电离层延迟误差在空域和时域上去相关化,则会对系统完好性构成较大威胁。对此,本文提供时域异常监测的CCDMA算法和DSCMA算法,提出空域异常监测的DRSMA算法,并改进了伪距差分算法,以在电离层风暴发生时对伪距差分改正数进行补偿。仿真结果表明,改进的伪距差分定位算法能有效减小用户定位结果的系统偏差,提高定位精度。
The dissertation mainly focuses on the theory and algorithms about GNSS integrity of Satellite-Based Augment System and Ground-Based Augment System, the main works and contributions are summarized as follows:
1. The theory and methods are introduced and discussed on GNSS integrity. The GNSS performance requirements are analyzed, the conception of integrity is defined and the monitoring methods are studied, finally some technical challenges are listed which are the mianly works to study.
2. Simulation system of GALILEO is built, through which the performance of GALILEO is analyzed, and the methods of integrity ensurement are studied. According the analysis with the simulation system, the conclusion can be drawn that the constellation of GALILEO is better than that of GPS because the value of GDOP of GALILEO is similar to that of GPS at low elevation and much better than that of GPS at high elevation.
3. The base frame and key techniques of Wide Area Precise Point Position at decimeter-level is studied, and a primary accuracy analysis is made. Precise orbit and clock is determined by using combined measurement consisted of pseudorange and carrier phase.Though analyzing, it is shown that the error of pridicted orbit within 3 hours is less than 15 centimeter using the data from the sations allover the world, and the error of pridicted orbit within 2 hours is less than 20 centimeter using the data from the domestic and aboard sations of the first kind.The error of the pridicted clock is less than 0.3ns.The error of the ionosphere delay coreection built by SHSS reference station conducted from system bias using optimized grid ionosphere model is less than 0.2m.
4. The SBAS message system is studied, it is expatiated how to define and transport the differential and integrity information exactly and roundly. The SBAS message system not only considers the fast correction, long term correction and ionosphere delay correction and bouds the error of these corrections, but also considers the degenerated factors, using these corrections and dagenetated factors, more exact error bound can be estimated at position domian.
5. A new method which optimizing accuracy and stability is studied. If the requirement of integrity is relaxed and the value of UDRE and GIVE is adjusted so as to fit the reality, the position accuracy can be improved using Least-Squares based on the new weight. The VPL will be smaller than before using the adjusted sigma. The accuracy at position domain can be improved by adjusting adaptive carrier smoothing using code-carrier divergence .
6. a x~2 monitoring method is studied to detect the atomic clock anomaly of the navigation satellites by making atomic clock bias twice difference and biulding the balanced time serial.Through analyzing, the conclusion can be drawn that double difference method is effective for the phase anomaly but not effective for frequency anomaly,and x~2 method based balancedtime serial is effective for both phase anomaly and frequency anomaly.
7. The key principle and algorithoms of Joint Precise Approach System are studied. Through analyzing the conclusion can be drawn that the DFS algorithm of LB-JPALS is similar to the WLFS algorithm of SB-JPALS, and the diffrence between them is that the Wide-Lane mixed measurement of L1 and L2 frequence is smoothed by carrier phase towards WLFS algorithm and the pseudorange of single frequence is smoothed by carrier phase towards DFS algorithm. So the reciever of SB-JPALS must be double frequece reciever so as to satisfy WLFS algorithm, and WLFS algorithm need not care about code carrier divergence as the ionosphere delay has been removed befor smoothing.
8. The integrity algorithom of GBAS based on non-gausss distribution is studied. The primary method of calculating VPL is based on the gauss distribution of the sigma of the residual pseudorange error, but multi-path error is the main component of the residual pseudorange error and is not gauss. A new method how to inflate the sigma is studied so as to ensure rigorous theoretically.
9. The system and flow how to monitor anomaly of GBAS is designed. The system is consist of some algorithoms used to monitoring anomaly and execute logic, the system is more entirely and difficult than SBAS, with the system and the execute logic, mesurement and message can be monitored and can be isolated if they seems to be anomaly.
10. The monitoring algorithm on Sigma anomaly based on B-Value is studied. Through the analysis it is shown that the Sigma Monitoring Algorithm based on B-Value and SUM Algorithm are also effective to anomaly error of the pseudorange correction.
11. The effect toward GBAS when ionosphere storm occures is modeled and the monitoring algorithms are studied, and the method of Local Area Difference is improved.GBAS is based on the case that the errers on the pseudoranges observed by user and reference station is similar, so the correction provided by reference station is used to correct the pseudorange measurements observed by users. But when ionosphere anomaly is met, the errers between the the station and user is quit different and the positioning solution is effected.The dissertation provides CCDMA and DSCMA algorithm to detect the ionosphere anomaly, and the differential positioning solution of GBAS is improved. It's shown that the provided algorithm mitigrates the threat for GBAS.
引文
[1]陈金平.GPS完好性增强研究[D].博士论文,郑州:信息工程大学,2001.
[2]王刚.广域差分GPS系统的研究[D].博士论文,郑州:测绘学院,2001.
[3]杨龙.中低轨卫星单站精密定轨[D].博士论文,装备指挥技术学院,2006.
[4]许其凤.空间大地测量学—卫星导航与精密定位[M].北京:解放军出版社,2001.
[5]许其凤.GPS卫星导航与精密定位[M].北京:解放军出版社,1994.
[6]黄维彬.近代平差理论及其应用[M].北京:解放军出版社,1990.
[7]魏子卿.广域增强计划及其进展[J].导航,1998,(1):5-9.
[8]周兵,窦长江.广域增强系统完好性监测研究[J].无线电通信技术,2002,28(3).
[9]吕志伟.2000年至2010年间GPS的改进[J].测绘学院学报,2001,18(3):250-254.
[10]刘经南.广域差分GPS原理和方法[M].北京:测绘出版社,1999.
[11]吕小平.发展我国的GNSS完好性监测系统(一)[J].空中交通管理,2004,(3):6-10.
[12]吕小平.发展我国的GNSS完好性监测系统(二)[J].空中交通管理,2004,(4):6-16.
[13]Gunter Seeber著,赖锡安等译.卫星大地测量学[M].北京:地震出版社,1998.
[14]Elliott D.Kaplan著,邱致和等译.GPS原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[15]周忠膜.GPS卫星测量原理与应用[M].北京:测绘出版社,1997.
[16]干国强,邱致和.导航与定位-现代战争的北斗星[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000.
[17]林洪桦.动态测试数据处理[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995.
[18]陈惠萍.卫星导航系统中的RAIM技术[J].中国民航学院学报,1996,14(1):43-49.
[19]秘金钟,李毓麟.广域差分GPS监测站的完备性监测[J].测绘科学,2001,26(3):29-33.
[20]秘金钟,李毓麟.分布式WADGPS完备性监测技术研究[J].全球定位系统,2002,(4):2-9.
[21]秘金钟,李毓麟.RALM算法研究[J].测绘通报,2001,(3):7-10.
[22]王忠等.GPS姿态测量中的完好性研究[J].导航,2001,(1).
[23]孙桦,何树海.WAAS完好性监测结构设计[J].通信技术,2001,(2):4-6.
[24]王维国,周保军.GPS完好性监测站站址选择的仿真计算[J].导航,2002,38(3):40-45.
[25]王祥峰.空间用户GPS完好性检测方法探讨[J].飞行器测控学报,2002,21(1).
[26]黄晓瑞,田巍,李波.GPS接收机的自主完好性监测算法研究[J].遥测遥控,2003,24(1).
[27]冯庆堂,沈林成,常文森.一种监测GPS完好性的新方法[J].导航与控制,2004,3(1):4-8.
[28]周其焕.全球导航完好性通道(GNIC)方案讨论[J].中国民航学院学报,1993,11(3):78-90.
[29]赵春梅,欧吉坤.基于GALILEO及GPS-GALILEO组合系统的仿真分析[J].系统仿真学报,2005,17(4):1008-1011.
[30]韩灵,朱文耀.Galileo系统及其在中国的应用[J].天文学进展,2005.1.
[31]蒋虎,李国通,余金培.GALILEO卫星导航和定位系统PDOP仿真[J].天文研究与技术,2006.3(3):258-263.
[32]刘基余.GPS卫星导航定位原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[33]陈金平.卫星导航系统性能要求的概念分析[J].测控技术,2005.1.
[34]韩春好.相对论框架中的时间计量[J].天文学进展,2002,20(2):107-110.
[35]季善标,朱文耀,熊永清.精密GPS卫星钟差的改正和应用[J].空间科学学报,2001,21(1):42-48.
[36]柯熙政.原子钟噪声的时—频尺度分析及算法研究[D].博士学位论文,西安:中国科学院陕西天文台,1996.
[37]Charles S.Dixon,GNSS Local Component Integrity Concepts,Journal of Global Positioning System,2003,12(2):pp.126-134.
[38]Carlos Hernandez Medel and et al,SISA Computation Algorithms and their Applicability for Galileo Integrity[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 2002,2002:pp.2173-2184.
[39]Sam Pullen,Boris Pervan,Per Enge,and Bradford Parkinson,A Comprehensive Integrity Verification Architecture for On-Airport LAAS Category Ⅲ Precision Landing[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 1996,Conference,Kansas City,MO,1996:pp.17-20.
[40]Helmut Blomenhofer and et al,Performance Analysis of GNSS Global and Regional Integrity Concepts[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 2003,2003:pp.991-1001.
[41]B.Parkinson and et al,Global Positioning System:Theory and Applications,AIAA Washingtong D.C.,1996.
[42]R.G.Brown and P.W.Mcburney,Self-Contained GPS Integrity Check Using Maximum Solution Separation[J],NAVIGATION,Journal of the Institute of Navigation,Vol.35 No.1,Spring 1998.
[43]B.W.Parkinson and P.Axelrad,Autonomous GPS Integrity Monitoring Using the Pseudorange Residual[J],NAVIGATION,Journal of the Institute of Navigation,Vol.35 No.2,Summer 1998.
[44]Gang Xie,Optimal On-Airport Monitoring of the Integrity of GPS-based Landing Systems[D],Ph.D.Dissertation,Stanford University,March 2004.
[45]NAVSTAR GPS Joint Program Office.Interface Control Document(ICD)-GPS-200[EB].Internet URL:http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pubs/gps/icd200/default.htm
[46]NAVSTAR GPS Joint Program Office.NAVSTAR GPS User Equipment Introduction[EB].Internet URL:http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/,1996.
[47]U.S.Department of Defense.NAVSTAR GPS Joint Program Office,Global Positioning System Standard Positioning Service Signal Specification[EB],2nd Edition,http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/,1995.
[48]Karen L.Van Dyke.The World After SA:Benefits to GPS Integrity[EB].Internet URL:DOT/Volpe Center.
[49]W.Y.OCHIENG Integrity Mechanisms for GPS Satellites within the Galileo Architecture[EB],Internet URL:w.ochieng@ic.ac.uk.
[50]Werner,W..Towards Global Integrity,Symposium on Kinematic Systems KIS 2001[R].Canada,5.-8.Jun.2001.
[51]Karen Van Dyke and et al,Status Update on GPS Integrity Failure Modes and Effects Analysis[J],ION NTM 2004,San Diego,CA,2004.
[52]Manfred Lugert,Galileo Ground Segment for Navigation and Integrity,Proceedings of 15th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation[J],ION GPS 2002,Portland,2002:pp.2135-2147.
[53]Wolfgang Werner and et al,GALILEO Integrity Performance Assessment[J],ION GPS 2001,Salt Lake City,Utah,September 11-14,2001:pp.1838-1849.
[54]Sherman Chih Lo,Broadcasting GPS Integrity Information Using Loran C[D],Ph.D.Dissertation,Stanford University,July 2002.
[55]Thomas Weber and et al,GALILEO SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE-Status and Concepts [J],ION GPS 2001,Salt Lake City,Utah,September 11-14,2001:pp.1264-1272.
[56]Jaewoo Jung,High Integrity Carrier Phase Navigation for Future LAAS Using Multiple Civilian GPS Signals[EB],Internet URL http://www.laas.stanfor.edu.
[57]C.Comp and et al,Improving WAAS Integrity and Availability:UDRE and GIVE Time Updates[J],Proceedings of ION GPS-97,1997.
[58]Alberto Garcia et al,Extending the Concept of Depth of Coverage for the Analysis of the Distribution of Integrity Stations on Wide Area Augmentation Systems[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 1996,Conference,Kansas City,MO.,Sept.17-20,1996.
[59]Galileo Industries.GSTB-V1 Test Cases Experimentation Plan[EB].Internet URL http://www.GSTB-V1.com.
[60]ESTEC.GSTB-V1 Commissioning Report E-IPF Processing Quality Assessment[EB],Internet URL http://www.GSTB-V1.com.
[61]W.Y.Ochieng and et al.Integrity Performance Models for a Combined Galileo/GPS Navigation System[Y].Journal of Geospatial Engineering,2001,3(1):pp.21-33.
[62]W.Werner,T.Zink,J.Hahn.Galileo Integrity Performance Assessment,Results and Recommendations[j].The Institute of Navigation,2002:pp.2185-2195.
[63]Ricardo Piriz,Angel Cavin-Alarcon,Alvaro Mozo-Garcia.The Role of Simulation in Galileo[J].ION GPS/GNSS 2005[C],2005:pp.902-913.
[64]Beech,T.W.et al.Integrity:a Key Enabler for Liability Critical Applications[J].published in theproceedings of the ION 61 st AM(Cambridge,MA),June2005:pp.2987-2998.
[65]Ballester-Gurpide et al.Future GNSS Constellation Performances inside Urban Environments[J].published inthe proceedings of the ION-GPS 2000Conference,September,2000:pp.2436-2345.
[66]Federal Aviation Administration.LPV-200 Loealizer Performance with Vertical Guidance 200' Decision Altitude System Safety Analysis[R].March 2007.
[67]ICAO NSP.Approval to Conduct WAAS Based LPV Approaches to Lower Minima[R].March2007.
[68]Federal Aviation Administration.Wide Area Augmentation System(WAAS) Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance 200' Height Above Touchdown Decision Altitude System Safety Analysis[R].December 2006.
[69]RTCA DO-229D.Minimum Operational Performance Standards for GPS/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment[S].Washington D.C..2006.
[70]Per Enge.GNSS Evolutionary Architecture Study(GEAS) Action Plan for August 2007[R].August 2007.
[71]RTCA SC-159.Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards for the Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS)[S].RTCA/DO-245,Washington DC,28 September 1998.
[72]M.Braasch.Multipath Effects[J].Global Positionin System:Theory and Applications.1996,163(1).
[73]M.Luo,S.Pullen.Development and Testing of the Stanford LAAS Ground Facility Prototype[J].Proceedings of ION NTM 2000.Anaheim,CA.,26-28 January 2000:pp.210-219.
[74]S.Pullen,M.Luo.GBAS Validation Methodology and Test Results from the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[j].ION GPS 2000,19-22 September 2000,Salt Lake City,UT:pp.1191-1201.
[75]Marshall J.Worst case probability density functions for over-bounding LAAS fault-free errors[R].The MITRE Corporation,2003.
[76]Braff,R.A method of fault-free error over bounding using a position domain monitor[J].Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation Technical Meeting,Anaheim,California,2003:pp.1456-1462.
[77]R.Braff,C.Shively.An Overbound Concept for Pseudorange Error from the LAAS Ground Facility[J].Proceedings of IAIN World Congress/ION 56th Annual Meeting.San Diego,CA.,June 26-28,2000.
[78]S.Pullen,The Use of CUSUMs to Validate Protection Level Overbounds for Ground Based and Space Based Augmentations Systems[J],Proceedings of ISPA 2000.Munich,Germany,18-20 July 2000.
[79]R.Braff,C.Shively.Revised CAT Ⅲ PDM Feasibility Analysis with Application to Prototype[R].McLean,VA.,MITRE/CAASD,May 1,2003.
[80]M.Luo,S.Pullen,et.al.LAAS Ionosphere Spatial Gradient Threat Model and Impact of LGF and Airborne Monitoring[J].Proceedings of ION GPS/GNSS 2003,Portland,OR.,Sept.9-12,2003:pp.2255-2274.
[81]J.Lee,S.Pullen.LAAS Position-Domain Monitor Analysis and Failure-Test Verification.Proceedings of 21st International Communication Satellite Systems Conference and Exhibit[J],Yokohama,Japan,AIAA,April 15-19,2003:pp.2003-2418.
[82]FAA.Performance Type One Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility[S].U.S.Federal Aviation Administration,Washington,D.C.,FAA-E-2937,21 September 1999.
[83]B.Pervan and I.Sayim,Issues and Results Concerning The LAAS.Overbound[J].IEEE PLANS 2000,San Diego,CA.
[84]Walter T.The Effects of Large Ionospheric Gradients on Single Frequency Airborne Smoothing Filter for WAAS and LAAS[J].Proceedings of the ION,National Technical Meeting,Jan 2004.
[85]Walter,T.,P.Enge and A.Hansen,A Proposed Integrity Equation for WAAS MOPS[J].In Proceedings of ION GPS Meeting 1997.
[86]Euiho Kim.Apaptive Carrier Smoothing Using Code and Cartier Divergence[J].to be published in ION-NTM 2007.
[87]E.Kim,T.Walter,and J.D.Powell.A Development of WAAS-Aided Flight Inspection Truth System[J].in Proceedings of IEEE/ION PLANS 2006.
[88]RTCA SC-159.Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment[S].Washington D.C,DO-229C,28 Nov,2001.
[89]P.J.Brockwell,R.A.Davis.Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting[M].second edition,Springer,2002.
[90]T.Walter et al.The Effects of Large Ionospheric Gradients on Single Frequency Airborne Smoothing Filters for WAAS and LAAS[J],in Proceeding of ION NTM 2004.
[91]Schempp,Timothy et al.WAAS Algorithm Contribution to Hazardously Misleading Information[J].14th nternational Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation,Salt Lake City,Utah,September 11-14,2001:pp.1831-1838.
[92]Watt,Gavin et al.Lessons Learned in the Certification of Integrity for a Satellite-Based Navigation System[J].Proceedings of the ION NTM 2003,Anaheim,CA,January 2003.
[93]Walter,Todd,DeCleene,Bruce et al.Lessons Learned in the Certification of Integrity for a Satellite-Based Navigation System[J].Proceedings of the ION NTM 2003,Anaheim,CA,January 2003.
[94]Grewal,M.S.,Andrews,A.P.Kalman Filtering Theory and Practice Using Matlab, Second Edition[M]. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001.
[95] Grewal, M. S., Weill, L., and Andrews, A. P., Global Positioning Systems, Inertial Navigation, and Integration[M]. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001.
[96] Grewal, M. S., Schempp, T., Habereder, H. Overview of the SBAS integrity design[J].GNSS 2003 . The European Navigation Conference, Graz, Austria, April 22-25,2003.
[97] Heo, Moon-Beom, Boris Pervan, et al. Robust Airborne Navigation Algorithm for SRGPS[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE Position, Location, and Navigation Symposium, April 2004, Monterey, CA.
[98] Hwang, P. Y., G. A. McGraw, and J. R. Bader. Enhanced Differential GPS Carrier-Smoothed Code Processing using Dual-Frequency Measurements[J]. the Institute of Navigation, 1999 46(2).
[99] Peterson, Bruce R., Greg Johnson, Jeff Stevens. Feasible Architectures for Joint Precision Approach and Landing System (PALS) for Land and Sea[J]. Proceedings of ION GNSS-2004, Long Beach,California, 21-24 September 2004:pp. 544-555.
[100]Pullen Sam. Ionosphere Spatial Anomalies: Impact on LAAS and LDGPS[R]. LDGPS Technical Interchange Meeting, 18 August 2004, California, MD.
[101]B.Pervan and I.Sayim. Issues and Results Concerning The LAAS a pr _ gnd Overbound[J].San Diego.CA ,IEEE PLANS 2000.
[102]B. Pervan, Draft SARPS Guidance Material for the GBAS Mean Requirement[J]. paper delivered to B. DeCleene, May 19,2000.
[103]B. DeCleene. Proof for ICAO Overbounding Requirement[R]. Paper distributed to ICAO Overbounding Subgroup, December 2,1999.
[104]S.Pullen, et.al. The Use of CUSUMs to Validate Protection Level Overbounds for Ground Based and Space Based Augmentations Systems[J]. Proceedings of ISPA 2000. Munich,Germany, 18-20 July 2000.
[105]M.Luo, S.Pullen, et.al. Development and Testing of the Stanford LAAS Ground Facility Prototype[J]. Proceedings of ION NTM-2000. Anaheim, CA., 26-28 January 2000,pp.210-219.
[106] Brenner, M., Reuter, R. and Schipper, B. GPS landing system multipath evaluation techniques and results[J]. Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation GPS 1998, Nashville,Tennessee.
[107] Campos, L. and Marques, J. On safety metrics related to aircraft separation[J]. Journal of Navigation (RTN), 2000:pp. 59-61.
[108]Cornell, J. Experiments With Mixtures, Designs, Models and Analysis of Mixture Data[R].John Wiley and Sons,1990.
[109] DeCleene, B. Defining Pseudorange Integrity-Overbounding[J]. Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation GPS 2000, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2000: pp. 1916-1925.
[110]Hanssen, A. Oigard, T. A. The normal inverse gaussian distribution model for heavy tailed stochastic processes[J]. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing, 2002.
[111]Marshall, J. Worst case probability density functions for over-bounding LAAS fault-free errors[R]. The MITRE Corporation, 2003.
[112] Parker, J. B. The exponential integral frequency distribution[J]. Journal of Navigation (RIN), 1966: pp. 526-527.
[113]Pervan, B., Pullen, S., and Sayim, I. Sigma estimation, inflation and monitoring in the LAAS ground system[J]. Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation GPS 2000, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2000: pp. 1234-1245.
[114]Warburton, J. Sigma pseudorange ground establishment, over bounding and monitoring: support data[R]. FAA Presentation to RTCA SC-159, December 2002.
[115]R. Braff. Description of the FAA's Local Area Augmentation System [J]. Navigation,Winter 1997,44(4): pp. 411-424.
[116]D. Jefferson, Y. Bar-Sever. Accuracy and Consistency of Broadcast GPS Ephemeris Data[J]. Proceedings of ION GPS 2000. Salt Lake City, UT., Sept. 19-22, 2000: pp. 391-395.
[117]S. Matsumoto, S. Pullen, M. Rotkowitz, B. Pervan. GPS Ephemeris Verification for Local Area Augmentation System Ground Stations[J]. Proceedings of ION GPS-99. Nashville,TN., Sept. 14-17,1999: pp. 691-704.
[118]M. Rivers. 2 SOPS Anomaly Resolution on an Aging Constellation[J]. Proceedings of ION GPS 2000. Salt Lake City, UT., Sept. 19-22,2000, pp. 2547-2550.
[119]S. Pullen, et.al. Minutes of 2SOPS/FAA Interoperability Meeting[M]. Colorado Springs,CO.: ARINC, Unpublished Manuscript, Version 3.0, Feb. 3,1999.
[120]J. Spilker. GPS Navigation Data in B. Parkinson and J. Spilker, Eds., Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications[M]. Washington, D.C.: AIAA, 1996. Volume I, Chapter 4,pp.121-176.
[121]G. Xie, etal. Integrity Design and Updated Test Results for the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[J]. Proceedings of the ION 57th Annual Meeting. Albuquerque, NM.,June 11-13,2001: pp. 681-693.
[122]B. Parkinson. GPS Error Analysis in B. Parkinson and J. Spilker, Eds., Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications[M]. Washington, D.C.: AIAA, 1996. Volume I, Chapter 11,pp. 469-483.
[123]S. Pullen, M. Rotkowitz. OCS Monitoring Effectiveness and LAAS Ephemeris Requirements[M]. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University,Version 1.1, March 4,1999.
[124]T.Hsiao,C.Shively,C.Varner.LAAS Ephemeris Error Protection Requirements &Availability[R].MITRE/CAASD,February 26,2001.
[125]C.Shively.Integrity from Ephemeris Test and Protection Level[R].MITRE/CAASD,Draft Manuscript,March 8,2001.
[126]S.Pullen.False-Rejection Probability Requirements for Initial GPS Satellite Acquisition[M].Stanford University,Draft Version 1.1,May 17,2001.
[127]D.Vallado.Fundamentals of Astrodynamics and Applications[M].New York:McGraw Hill,1997.Section 1.4:pp.31-44.
[128]M.Kaplan,Modern Spacecraft Dynamics and Control[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1976.Section 3.6:pp.108-115.
[129]Van Graas,D.H.,and van Graas,F.Aircraft Loran-C Dual-Loop Antenna System Design and Flight Test[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation National Technical Meeting,San Diego,CA,January 2001.
[130]Van Willigen,D.Eurofix.Differential Hybridized Integrated Navigation[J].Proceedings of the 18th Annual Symposium of the Wild Goose Association,Hyannis,MA,November 1989.
[131]Van Willigen,D.,Offermans,G.W.A,and Helwig,A.W.S.Eurofix.Definition and Current Status[A].Position Location and Navigation Symposium[M],1998:pp.101-108.
[132]Walter,Todd;et.al.Flight Trials of the Wide Area Augmentation System(WA.AS)[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS,Salt Lake City,UT,September 1994:pp.1537-1546.
[133]Walter,T.and Enge,P.Weighted RAIM for Precision Approach[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS,1995:pp.1995-2004.
[134]Walter,Todd.WAAS MOPS:Practical Examples[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation National Technical Meeting,San Diego,CA,January 1999:pp.165-185.
[135]Walter,T.,Enge,P.,and Hansen,A.Integrity Equations for WAAS MOPS[A].Global Positioning System Volume Ⅵ[C]:Selected Papers on Satellite Augmentation Systems,The Institute of Navigation,Alexandria,VA,1999:pp.5-36.
[136]Walter,Todd,et.al.Robust Detection of Ionospheric Irregularities.Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS,2000,Salt Lake City,UT:pp.209-218.
[137]Walter,T.,Hansen,A.,and Enge,P.Message Type 28[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation National Technical Meeting,Long Beach,CA,January 2001:pp.522-532.
[138]U.S.Federal Aviation Administration.Programs - Local Area Augmentation System[EB].Internet URL:http://gps.faa.gov/Programs/laas/howitworks-text.htm.
[139]U.S.Federal Aviation Administration.Specification:Category Ⅰ Local Area Augmentation System Non-Federal Ground Facility[S].Washington,D.C.,FAA/AND710-2937,May 31, 2001.
[140]U.S.Federal Aviation Administration.Specification:Performance Type One Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility[S][EB].Washington,D.C.,FAA-E-2937A,April 17,2002.Internet URL:http://gps.faa.gov/Library/Data/LAAS/LGF2937A.PDF.
[141]A.J.Van Dierendonck,D.Akos,S.Pullen,R.E.Phelts,P.Enge.Practical Implementation Considerations in the Detection of GPS Satellite Signal Failures[J].Proceedings of IAIN World Congress/ION 56th Annual Meeting.San Diego,CA.,June 26-28,2000:pp.189-199.
[142]A.J Van Dierendonck,S.Russel,E.Kopitzke,M.Birnbaum.The GPS Navigation Message[J].Global Positioning System,Vol.Ⅰ,The Institute of Navigation,1980:pp.53-73.
[143]F.van Diggelen.GPS and GPS+GLONASS RTK[J].ION GPS-97:pp.139-144.
[144]G.Xie.An Analysis of Code-Carrier Divergence Test Performance with Different Time Constants[R].Stanford University,Unpublished Presentation,Nov.23,2003.
[145]G.Xie.Integrity Monitor Testbed and its Software Development[R].Stanford University,Unpublished Manuscript,March 16,2004.
[146]G.Xie,S.Pullen,M.Luo,P.Enge.Detecting Ionospheric Gradients with the Cumulative
Sum(CUSUM) Method[J].AIAA 21st International Communications Satellite Systems Conference,Apr.15-19,2003,Yokohama,Japan.
[147]G.Xie,S.Pullen,M.Luo,P.L.Normark,D.Akos,J.Lee,P.Enge,B.Pervan.Integrity Design and Updated Test Results for the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[J].Proceedings of the ION 57th Annual Meeting,Albuquerque,NM.,June 11-13,2001:pp.681-693.
[148]R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,P.Enge.Robust Signal Quality Monitoring and Detection of Evil Waveforms[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 2000,Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.19-22,2000,pp.1180-1190.
[149]R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,P.Enge.SQM Validation Report[R].ICAO GNSSP WG-B Meeting,Seattle,WA.,May 30,2000.
[150]R.E.Phelts,A.Mitelman,S.Pullen,D.Akos,P.Enge.Transient Performance Analysis of a Multicorrelator Signal Quality Monitor[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 2001,Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.11-14,2001:pp.1700-1710.
[151]S.Pullen,J.Lee,G.Xie,P.Enge.CUSUM-Based Real-Time Risk Metrics for Augmented GPS and GNSS.ION GPS/GNSS 2003,Sept.9-12,2003:pp.2275-2288.
[152]S.Pullen,M.Luo,S.Gleason,G.Xie,D.Akos,P.Enge,B.Pervan.GBAS Validation Methodology and Test Results from the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 2000,Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.19-22,2000:pp.1191-1201.
[153]S.Pullen,M.Luo,B.Pervan,F.C.Chang.Ephemeris Protection Level Equations and Monitor Algorithms for GBAS[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 2001.Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.11-14,2001:pp.1738-1749.
[154]S.Pullen,M.Luo,T.Walter,P.Enge,B.Pervan.The Use of CUSUMs to Validate Protection Level Overbounds for Ground-Based and Space-Based Augmentation Systems[J].Proceedings of ISPA 2000.Munich,Germany,July 18-20,2000.
[155]S.Pullen,M.Luo,G.Xie,J.Lee,R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,G.Elkaim,P.Enge.LAAS Ground Facility Design Improvements to Meet Proposed Requirements for Category Ⅱ/ⅢOperations[J].ION GPS 2002,Portland,OR.,Sept.24-27,2002:pp.1934-1948.
[156]S.Pullen T.Walter.A Quick Look at Last Weekend's SVN/PRN 22 Clock Anomaly[R].Stanford University,Unpublished Presentation,Aug.3,2001.
[157]S.Pullen,T.Walter,P.Enge.System Overview,Recent Developments,and Future Outlook for WAAS and LAAS[J].Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine GPS Symposium,Tokyo,Japan,Nov.11-13,2002.
[158]S.Pullen,G.Xie,P.Enge.Soft Failure Diagnosis and Exclusion for GBAS Ground Facilities[A].Royal Institute of Navigation:NAV 01 Conference[C],Westminster,London,England,Nov.6-8,2001.
[159]C.Shively.Derivation of Acceptable Error Limits for Satellite Signal Faults in LAAS[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 1999.Nashville,TN.,Sept.14-17,1999:pp.761-770.
[160]C.Shively.LAAS CAT Ⅲ Potential Availability Benefit from Dual Frequency(Preliminary Results)[M].Revision 1.McLean,VA.,MITRE/CAASD,May 22,2002.
[161]C.Shively,R.Braff.An Overbound Concept for Pseudorange Error from the LAAS Ground Facility[J].ION Annual Meeting,San Diego,CA.,June 26-28,2000.
[162]T.Skidmore,F.van Graas.DGPS Ground Station Integrity Monitoring[J].ION National Technical Meeting,San Diego,CA.,Jan.24-26,1994.
[163]D.Stratton.Development and Testing of GNSS-Based Landing System Avionics[J].Proceedings of IEEE PLANS 2000.San Diego,CA.,March 13-16,2000:pp.90-97.
[164]P.Enge,R.E.Phelts,and D.Akos.Detecting Anomalous Signals from GPS Satellites[R].in Draft Manuscript.Stanford University,Oct.12,1999.
[165]A.Mitelman,R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,S.Pullen,and P.Enge.A Real-Time Signal Quality Monitor for GPS Augmentation Systems[J].presented at ION GPS 2000,Salt Lake City,UT,Sept.19-22,2000:pp.862-872.
[166]U.S Department of Defense.Global Positioning System(GPS) Standard Positioning Service(SPS) Performance Standard[S].Washington D.C.,October 2001.
[167]B.Pervan.A Review of LGF Code-Carrier Divergence Issues[J].Illinois Institute of Technology,MMAE Dept.,May 29 2001.
[168] S. Matsumoto, S. Pullen, M. Rotkowitz, and B. Pervan. GPS Ephemeris Verification for Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) Ground Stations[J]. presented at ION GPS 1999,Nashville, TN, 1999.
[169]B. Pervan, S. Pullen, and J. Christie. A Multiple Hypothesis Approach to Satellite Navigation Integrity[J]. Journal of the U.S. Institute of Navigation, Vol. 45, Spring 1998.
[170]J. Lee, S. Pullen, G Xie, and P. Enge. LAAS Sigma Monitor Analysis and Failure-Test Verification[J]. presented at ION NTM 2001, Albuquerque, NM, June 11-13,2001.
[171]U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. Specification: Category I Local Area Augmentation System Non-Federal Ground Facility[S]. Washington, D.C. FAA/AND710-2937, May 31,2001.
[172] Federal Aviation Administration. Specification: Performance Type One Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility[S]. U.S. Washington, D.C. FAA-E-2937, September 21,1999.
[173] J. M. Lucas and R. B. Crosier. Fast Initial Response for CUSUM Quality Control Schemes:Give your CUSUM a Head Start[J]. Technometrics, Vol. 24,1982: pp. 199-205.
[174] M. Gary, T. Murphy, M. Brenner, and S. Pullen. Development of the LAAS Accuracy Models[J]. presented at Proceedings of ION GPS, Salt Lake City, UT, Sept. 19-22, 2000:pp. 1212-1224.
[175]RTCA SC-159 WG-4A. Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards for the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)[S]. Washington D.C, DO-245, September 1998.
[176]F. Van Grass. Informal Discussion during Ohio University/Stanford University LAAS Review Meeting[R]. Stanford University, June 21,2002.
[177]B. Pervan, S. Pullen, and M. Luo. Navigation Integrity Monitoring for DGPS-Based Precision Landing of Aircraft[A]. presented at Proceedings of the 1999 American Control Conference, San Diego, CA, June 2-4,1999.
[178]RTCA. GNSS Based Precision Approach Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) Signal-in-Space Interface Control Document (ICD)[S]. RTCA/DO-246A, Jan. 11,2000.
[179]D. M. Hawkins. Evaluation of the average run length of cumulative sum charts for an arbitrary data distribution[J]. Communications in Statistics, series B, Vol. 21, 1992: pp.1001-1020.
[180]Bruce DeCleene. Defining Pseudorange Integrity-Overbounding. Ion, 2002: pp.1916-1924.
[2]王刚.广域差分GPS系统的研究[D].博士论文,郑州:测绘学院,2001.
[3]杨龙.中低轨卫星单站精密定轨[D].博士论文,装备指挥技术学院,2006.
[4]许其凤.空间大地测量学—卫星导航与精密定位[M].北京:解放军出版社,2001.
[5]许其凤.GPS卫星导航与精密定位[M].北京:解放军出版社,1994.
[6]黄维彬.近代平差理论及其应用[M].北京:解放军出版社,1990.
[7]魏子卿.广域增强计划及其进展[J].导航,1998,(1):5-9.
[8]周兵,窦长江.广域增强系统完好性监测研究[J].无线电通信技术,2002,28(3).
[9]吕志伟.2000年至2010年间GPS的改进[J].测绘学院学报,2001,18(3):250-254.
[10]刘经南.广域差分GPS原理和方法[M].北京:测绘出版社,1999.
[11]吕小平.发展我国的GNSS完好性监测系统(一)[J].空中交通管理,2004,(3):6-10.
[12]吕小平.发展我国的GNSS完好性监测系统(二)[J].空中交通管理,2004,(4):6-16.
[13]Gunter Seeber著,赖锡安等译.卫星大地测量学[M].北京:地震出版社,1998.
[14]Elliott D.Kaplan著,邱致和等译.GPS原理与应用[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2002.
[15]周忠膜.GPS卫星测量原理与应用[M].北京:测绘出版社,1997.
[16]干国强,邱致和.导航与定位-现代战争的北斗星[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2000.
[17]林洪桦.动态测试数据处理[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995.
[18]陈惠萍.卫星导航系统中的RAIM技术[J].中国民航学院学报,1996,14(1):43-49.
[19]秘金钟,李毓麟.广域差分GPS监测站的完备性监测[J].测绘科学,2001,26(3):29-33.
[20]秘金钟,李毓麟.分布式WADGPS完备性监测技术研究[J].全球定位系统,2002,(4):2-9.
[21]秘金钟,李毓麟.RALM算法研究[J].测绘通报,2001,(3):7-10.
[22]王忠等.GPS姿态测量中的完好性研究[J].导航,2001,(1).
[23]孙桦,何树海.WAAS完好性监测结构设计[J].通信技术,2001,(2):4-6.
[24]王维国,周保军.GPS完好性监测站站址选择的仿真计算[J].导航,2002,38(3):40-45.
[25]王祥峰.空间用户GPS完好性检测方法探讨[J].飞行器测控学报,2002,21(1).
[26]黄晓瑞,田巍,李波.GPS接收机的自主完好性监测算法研究[J].遥测遥控,2003,24(1).
[27]冯庆堂,沈林成,常文森.一种监测GPS完好性的新方法[J].导航与控制,2004,3(1):4-8.
[28]周其焕.全球导航完好性通道(GNIC)方案讨论[J].中国民航学院学报,1993,11(3):78-90.
[29]赵春梅,欧吉坤.基于GALILEO及GPS-GALILEO组合系统的仿真分析[J].系统仿真学报,2005,17(4):1008-1011.
[30]韩灵,朱文耀.Galileo系统及其在中国的应用[J].天文学进展,2005.1.
[31]蒋虎,李国通,余金培.GALILEO卫星导航和定位系统PDOP仿真[J].天文研究与技术,2006.3(3):258-263.
[32]刘基余.GPS卫星导航定位原理与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[33]陈金平.卫星导航系统性能要求的概念分析[J].测控技术,2005.1.
[34]韩春好.相对论框架中的时间计量[J].天文学进展,2002,20(2):107-110.
[35]季善标,朱文耀,熊永清.精密GPS卫星钟差的改正和应用[J].空间科学学报,2001,21(1):42-48.
[36]柯熙政.原子钟噪声的时—频尺度分析及算法研究[D].博士学位论文,西安:中国科学院陕西天文台,1996.
[37]Charles S.Dixon,GNSS Local Component Integrity Concepts,Journal of Global Positioning System,2003,12(2):pp.126-134.
[38]Carlos Hernandez Medel and et al,SISA Computation Algorithms and their Applicability for Galileo Integrity[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 2002,2002:pp.2173-2184.
[39]Sam Pullen,Boris Pervan,Per Enge,and Bradford Parkinson,A Comprehensive Integrity Verification Architecture for On-Airport LAAS Category Ⅲ Precision Landing[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 1996,Conference,Kansas City,MO,1996:pp.17-20.
[40]Helmut Blomenhofer and et al,Performance Analysis of GNSS Global and Regional Integrity Concepts[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 2003,2003:pp.991-1001.
[41]B.Parkinson and et al,Global Positioning System:Theory and Applications,AIAA Washingtong D.C.,1996.
[42]R.G.Brown and P.W.Mcburney,Self-Contained GPS Integrity Check Using Maximum Solution Separation[J],NAVIGATION,Journal of the Institute of Navigation,Vol.35 No.1,Spring 1998.
[43]B.W.Parkinson and P.Axelrad,Autonomous GPS Integrity Monitoring Using the Pseudorange Residual[J],NAVIGATION,Journal of the Institute of Navigation,Vol.35 No.2,Summer 1998.
[44]Gang Xie,Optimal On-Airport Monitoring of the Integrity of GPS-based Landing Systems[D],Ph.D.Dissertation,Stanford University,March 2004.
[45]NAVSTAR GPS Joint Program Office.Interface Control Document(ICD)-GPS-200[EB].Internet URL:http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/pubs/gps/icd200/default.htm
[46]NAVSTAR GPS Joint Program Office.NAVSTAR GPS User Equipment Introduction[EB].Internet URL:http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/,1996.
[47]U.S.Department of Defense.NAVSTAR GPS Joint Program Office,Global Positioning System Standard Positioning Service Signal Specification[EB],2nd Edition,http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/,1995.
[48]Karen L.Van Dyke.The World After SA:Benefits to GPS Integrity[EB].Internet URL:DOT/Volpe Center.
[49]W.Y.OCHIENG Integrity Mechanisms for GPS Satellites within the Galileo Architecture[EB],Internet URL:w.ochieng@ic.ac.uk.
[50]Werner,W..Towards Global Integrity,Symposium on Kinematic Systems KIS 2001[R].Canada,5.-8.Jun.2001.
[51]Karen Van Dyke and et al,Status Update on GPS Integrity Failure Modes and Effects Analysis[J],ION NTM 2004,San Diego,CA,2004.
[52]Manfred Lugert,Galileo Ground Segment for Navigation and Integrity,Proceedings of 15th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation[J],ION GPS 2002,Portland,2002:pp.2135-2147.
[53]Wolfgang Werner and et al,GALILEO Integrity Performance Assessment[J],ION GPS 2001,Salt Lake City,Utah,September 11-14,2001:pp.1838-1849.
[54]Sherman Chih Lo,Broadcasting GPS Integrity Information Using Loran C[D],Ph.D.Dissertation,Stanford University,July 2002.
[55]Thomas Weber and et al,GALILEO SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE-Status and Concepts [J],ION GPS 2001,Salt Lake City,Utah,September 11-14,2001:pp.1264-1272.
[56]Jaewoo Jung,High Integrity Carrier Phase Navigation for Future LAAS Using Multiple Civilian GPS Signals[EB],Internet URL http://www.laas.stanfor.edu.
[57]C.Comp and et al,Improving WAAS Integrity and Availability:UDRE and GIVE Time Updates[J],Proceedings of ION GPS-97,1997.
[58]Alberto Garcia et al,Extending the Concept of Depth of Coverage for the Analysis of the Distribution of Integrity Stations on Wide Area Augmentation Systems[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 1996,Conference,Kansas City,MO.,Sept.17-20,1996.
[59]Galileo Industries.GSTB-V1 Test Cases Experimentation Plan[EB].Internet URL http://www.GSTB-V1.com.
[60]ESTEC.GSTB-V1 Commissioning Report E-IPF Processing Quality Assessment[EB],Internet URL http://www.GSTB-V1.com.
[61]W.Y.Ochieng and et al.Integrity Performance Models for a Combined Galileo/GPS Navigation System[Y].Journal of Geospatial Engineering,2001,3(1):pp.21-33.
[62]W.Werner,T.Zink,J.Hahn.Galileo Integrity Performance Assessment,Results and Recommendations[j].The Institute of Navigation,2002:pp.2185-2195.
[63]Ricardo Piriz,Angel Cavin-Alarcon,Alvaro Mozo-Garcia.The Role of Simulation in Galileo[J].ION GPS/GNSS 2005[C],2005:pp.902-913.
[64]Beech,T.W.et al.Integrity:a Key Enabler for Liability Critical Applications[J].published in theproceedings of the ION 61 st AM(Cambridge,MA),June2005:pp.2987-2998.
[65]Ballester-Gurpide et al.Future GNSS Constellation Performances inside Urban Environments[J].published inthe proceedings of the ION-GPS 2000Conference,September,2000:pp.2436-2345.
[66]Federal Aviation Administration.LPV-200 Loealizer Performance with Vertical Guidance 200' Decision Altitude System Safety Analysis[R].March 2007.
[67]ICAO NSP.Approval to Conduct WAAS Based LPV Approaches to Lower Minima[R].March2007.
[68]Federal Aviation Administration.Wide Area Augmentation System(WAAS) Localizer Performance with Vertical Guidance 200' Height Above Touchdown Decision Altitude System Safety Analysis[R].December 2006.
[69]RTCA DO-229D.Minimum Operational Performance Standards for GPS/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment[S].Washington D.C..2006.
[70]Per Enge.GNSS Evolutionary Architecture Study(GEAS) Action Plan for August 2007[R].August 2007.
[71]RTCA SC-159.Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards for the Local Area Augmentation System(LAAS)[S].RTCA/DO-245,Washington DC,28 September 1998.
[72]M.Braasch.Multipath Effects[J].Global Positionin System:Theory and Applications.1996,163(1).
[73]M.Luo,S.Pullen.Development and Testing of the Stanford LAAS Ground Facility Prototype[J].Proceedings of ION NTM 2000.Anaheim,CA.,26-28 January 2000:pp.210-219.
[74]S.Pullen,M.Luo.GBAS Validation Methodology and Test Results from the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[j].ION GPS 2000,19-22 September 2000,Salt Lake City,UT:pp.1191-1201.
[75]Marshall J.Worst case probability density functions for over-bounding LAAS fault-free errors[R].The MITRE Corporation,2003.
[76]Braff,R.A method of fault-free error over bounding using a position domain monitor[J].Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation Technical Meeting,Anaheim,California,2003:pp.1456-1462.
[77]R.Braff,C.Shively.An Overbound Concept for Pseudorange Error from the LAAS Ground Facility[J].Proceedings of IAIN World Congress/ION 56th Annual Meeting.San Diego,CA.,June 26-28,2000.
[78]S.Pullen,The Use of CUSUMs to Validate Protection Level Overbounds for Ground Based and Space Based Augmentations Systems[J],Proceedings of ISPA 2000.Munich,Germany,18-20 July 2000.
[79]R.Braff,C.Shively.Revised CAT Ⅲ PDM Feasibility Analysis with Application to Prototype[R].McLean,VA.,MITRE/CAASD,May 1,2003.
[80]M.Luo,S.Pullen,et.al.LAAS Ionosphere Spatial Gradient Threat Model and Impact of LGF and Airborne Monitoring[J].Proceedings of ION GPS/GNSS 2003,Portland,OR.,Sept.9-12,2003:pp.2255-2274.
[81]J.Lee,S.Pullen.LAAS Position-Domain Monitor Analysis and Failure-Test Verification.Proceedings of 21st International Communication Satellite Systems Conference and Exhibit[J],Yokohama,Japan,AIAA,April 15-19,2003:pp.2003-2418.
[82]FAA.Performance Type One Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility[S].U.S.Federal Aviation Administration,Washington,D.C.,FAA-E-2937,21 September 1999.
[83]B.Pervan and I.Sayim,Issues and Results Concerning The LAAS.Overbound[J].IEEE PLANS 2000,San Diego,CA.
[84]Walter T.The Effects of Large Ionospheric Gradients on Single Frequency Airborne Smoothing Filter for WAAS and LAAS[J].Proceedings of the ION,National Technical Meeting,Jan 2004.
[85]Walter,T.,P.Enge and A.Hansen,A Proposed Integrity Equation for WAAS MOPS[J].In Proceedings of ION GPS Meeting 1997.
[86]Euiho Kim.Apaptive Carrier Smoothing Using Code and Cartier Divergence[J].to be published in ION-NTM 2007.
[87]E.Kim,T.Walter,and J.D.Powell.A Development of WAAS-Aided Flight Inspection Truth System[J].in Proceedings of IEEE/ION PLANS 2006.
[88]RTCA SC-159.Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Global Positioning System/Wide Area Augmentation System Airborne Equipment[S].Washington D.C,DO-229C,28 Nov,2001.
[89]P.J.Brockwell,R.A.Davis.Introduction to Time Series and Forecasting[M].second edition,Springer,2002.
[90]T.Walter et al.The Effects of Large Ionospheric Gradients on Single Frequency Airborne Smoothing Filters for WAAS and LAAS[J],in Proceeding of ION NTM 2004.
[91]Schempp,Timothy et al.WAAS Algorithm Contribution to Hazardously Misleading Information[J].14th nternational Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation,Salt Lake City,Utah,September 11-14,2001:pp.1831-1838.
[92]Watt,Gavin et al.Lessons Learned in the Certification of Integrity for a Satellite-Based Navigation System[J].Proceedings of the ION NTM 2003,Anaheim,CA,January 2003.
[93]Walter,Todd,DeCleene,Bruce et al.Lessons Learned in the Certification of Integrity for a Satellite-Based Navigation System[J].Proceedings of the ION NTM 2003,Anaheim,CA,January 2003.
[94]Grewal,M.S.,Andrews,A.P.Kalman Filtering Theory and Practice Using Matlab, Second Edition[M]. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001.
[95] Grewal, M. S., Weill, L., and Andrews, A. P., Global Positioning Systems, Inertial Navigation, and Integration[M]. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2001.
[96] Grewal, M. S., Schempp, T., Habereder, H. Overview of the SBAS integrity design[J].GNSS 2003 . The European Navigation Conference, Graz, Austria, April 22-25,2003.
[97] Heo, Moon-Beom, Boris Pervan, et al. Robust Airborne Navigation Algorithm for SRGPS[J]. Proceedings of the IEEE Position, Location, and Navigation Symposium, April 2004, Monterey, CA.
[98] Hwang, P. Y., G. A. McGraw, and J. R. Bader. Enhanced Differential GPS Carrier-Smoothed Code Processing using Dual-Frequency Measurements[J]. the Institute of Navigation, 1999 46(2).
[99] Peterson, Bruce R., Greg Johnson, Jeff Stevens. Feasible Architectures for Joint Precision Approach and Landing System (PALS) for Land and Sea[J]. Proceedings of ION GNSS-2004, Long Beach,California, 21-24 September 2004:pp. 544-555.
[100]Pullen Sam. Ionosphere Spatial Anomalies: Impact on LAAS and LDGPS[R]. LDGPS Technical Interchange Meeting, 18 August 2004, California, MD.
[101]B.Pervan and I.Sayim. Issues and Results Concerning The LAAS a pr _ gnd Overbound[J].San Diego.CA ,IEEE PLANS 2000.
[102]B. Pervan, Draft SARPS Guidance Material for the GBAS Mean Requirement[J]. paper delivered to B. DeCleene, May 19,2000.
[103]B. DeCleene. Proof for ICAO Overbounding Requirement[R]. Paper distributed to ICAO Overbounding Subgroup, December 2,1999.
[104]S.Pullen, et.al. The Use of CUSUMs to Validate Protection Level Overbounds for Ground Based and Space Based Augmentations Systems[J]. Proceedings of ISPA 2000. Munich,Germany, 18-20 July 2000.
[105]M.Luo, S.Pullen, et.al. Development and Testing of the Stanford LAAS Ground Facility Prototype[J]. Proceedings of ION NTM-2000. Anaheim, CA., 26-28 January 2000,pp.210-219.
[106] Brenner, M., Reuter, R. and Schipper, B. GPS landing system multipath evaluation techniques and results[J]. Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation GPS 1998, Nashville,Tennessee.
[107] Campos, L. and Marques, J. On safety metrics related to aircraft separation[J]. Journal of Navigation (RTN), 2000:pp. 59-61.
[108]Cornell, J. Experiments With Mixtures, Designs, Models and Analysis of Mixture Data[R].John Wiley and Sons,1990.
[109] DeCleene, B. Defining Pseudorange Integrity-Overbounding[J]. Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation GPS 2000, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2000: pp. 1916-1925.
[110]Hanssen, A. Oigard, T. A. The normal inverse gaussian distribution model for heavy tailed stochastic processes[J]. Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing, 2002.
[111]Marshall, J. Worst case probability density functions for over-bounding LAAS fault-free errors[R]. The MITRE Corporation, 2003.
[112] Parker, J. B. The exponential integral frequency distribution[J]. Journal of Navigation (RIN), 1966: pp. 526-527.
[113]Pervan, B., Pullen, S., and Sayim, I. Sigma estimation, inflation and monitoring in the LAAS ground system[J]. Proceedings of The Institute of Navigation GPS 2000, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2000: pp. 1234-1245.
[114]Warburton, J. Sigma pseudorange ground establishment, over bounding and monitoring: support data[R]. FAA Presentation to RTCA SC-159, December 2002.
[115]R. Braff. Description of the FAA's Local Area Augmentation System [J]. Navigation,Winter 1997,44(4): pp. 411-424.
[116]D. Jefferson, Y. Bar-Sever. Accuracy and Consistency of Broadcast GPS Ephemeris Data[J]. Proceedings of ION GPS 2000. Salt Lake City, UT., Sept. 19-22, 2000: pp. 391-395.
[117]S. Matsumoto, S. Pullen, M. Rotkowitz, B. Pervan. GPS Ephemeris Verification for Local Area Augmentation System Ground Stations[J]. Proceedings of ION GPS-99. Nashville,TN., Sept. 14-17,1999: pp. 691-704.
[118]M. Rivers. 2 SOPS Anomaly Resolution on an Aging Constellation[J]. Proceedings of ION GPS 2000. Salt Lake City, UT., Sept. 19-22,2000, pp. 2547-2550.
[119]S. Pullen, et.al. Minutes of 2SOPS/FAA Interoperability Meeting[M]. Colorado Springs,CO.: ARINC, Unpublished Manuscript, Version 3.0, Feb. 3,1999.
[120]J. Spilker. GPS Navigation Data in B. Parkinson and J. Spilker, Eds., Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications[M]. Washington, D.C.: AIAA, 1996. Volume I, Chapter 4,pp.121-176.
[121]G. Xie, etal. Integrity Design and Updated Test Results for the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[J]. Proceedings of the ION 57th Annual Meeting. Albuquerque, NM.,June 11-13,2001: pp. 681-693.
[122]B. Parkinson. GPS Error Analysis in B. Parkinson and J. Spilker, Eds., Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications[M]. Washington, D.C.: AIAA, 1996. Volume I, Chapter 11,pp. 469-483.
[123]S. Pullen, M. Rotkowitz. OCS Monitoring Effectiveness and LAAS Ephemeris Requirements[M]. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Stanford University,Version 1.1, March 4,1999.
[124]T.Hsiao,C.Shively,C.Varner.LAAS Ephemeris Error Protection Requirements &Availability[R].MITRE/CAASD,February 26,2001.
[125]C.Shively.Integrity from Ephemeris Test and Protection Level[R].MITRE/CAASD,Draft Manuscript,March 8,2001.
[126]S.Pullen.False-Rejection Probability Requirements for Initial GPS Satellite Acquisition[M].Stanford University,Draft Version 1.1,May 17,2001.
[127]D.Vallado.Fundamentals of Astrodynamics and Applications[M].New York:McGraw Hill,1997.Section 1.4:pp.31-44.
[128]M.Kaplan,Modern Spacecraft Dynamics and Control[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1976.Section 3.6:pp.108-115.
[129]Van Graas,D.H.,and van Graas,F.Aircraft Loran-C Dual-Loop Antenna System Design and Flight Test[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation National Technical Meeting,San Diego,CA,January 2001.
[130]Van Willigen,D.Eurofix.Differential Hybridized Integrated Navigation[J].Proceedings of the 18th Annual Symposium of the Wild Goose Association,Hyannis,MA,November 1989.
[131]Van Willigen,D.,Offermans,G.W.A,and Helwig,A.W.S.Eurofix.Definition and Current Status[A].Position Location and Navigation Symposium[M],1998:pp.101-108.
[132]Walter,Todd;et.al.Flight Trials of the Wide Area Augmentation System(WA.AS)[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS,Salt Lake City,UT,September 1994:pp.1537-1546.
[133]Walter,T.and Enge,P.Weighted RAIM for Precision Approach[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS,1995:pp.1995-2004.
[134]Walter,Todd.WAAS MOPS:Practical Examples[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation National Technical Meeting,San Diego,CA,January 1999:pp.165-185.
[135]Walter,T.,Enge,P.,and Hansen,A.Integrity Equations for WAAS MOPS[A].Global Positioning System Volume Ⅵ[C]:Selected Papers on Satellite Augmentation Systems,The Institute of Navigation,Alexandria,VA,1999:pp.5-36.
[136]Walter,Todd,et.al.Robust Detection of Ionospheric Irregularities.Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation GPS,2000,Salt Lake City,UT:pp.209-218.
[137]Walter,T.,Hansen,A.,and Enge,P.Message Type 28[J].Proceedings of the Institute of Navigation National Technical Meeting,Long Beach,CA,January 2001:pp.522-532.
[138]U.S.Federal Aviation Administration.Programs - Local Area Augmentation System[EB].Internet URL:http://gps.faa.gov/Programs/laas/howitworks-text.htm.
[139]U.S.Federal Aviation Administration.Specification:Category Ⅰ Local Area Augmentation System Non-Federal Ground Facility[S].Washington,D.C.,FAA/AND710-2937,May 31, 2001.
[140]U.S.Federal Aviation Administration.Specification:Performance Type One Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility[S][EB].Washington,D.C.,FAA-E-2937A,April 17,2002.Internet URL:http://gps.faa.gov/Library/Data/LAAS/LGF2937A.PDF.
[141]A.J.Van Dierendonck,D.Akos,S.Pullen,R.E.Phelts,P.Enge.Practical Implementation Considerations in the Detection of GPS Satellite Signal Failures[J].Proceedings of IAIN World Congress/ION 56th Annual Meeting.San Diego,CA.,June 26-28,2000:pp.189-199.
[142]A.J Van Dierendonck,S.Russel,E.Kopitzke,M.Birnbaum.The GPS Navigation Message[J].Global Positioning System,Vol.Ⅰ,The Institute of Navigation,1980:pp.53-73.
[143]F.van Diggelen.GPS and GPS+GLONASS RTK[J].ION GPS-97:pp.139-144.
[144]G.Xie.An Analysis of Code-Carrier Divergence Test Performance with Different Time Constants[R].Stanford University,Unpublished Presentation,Nov.23,2003.
[145]G.Xie.Integrity Monitor Testbed and its Software Development[R].Stanford University,Unpublished Manuscript,March 16,2004.
[146]G.Xie,S.Pullen,M.Luo,P.Enge.Detecting Ionospheric Gradients with the Cumulative
Sum(CUSUM) Method[J].AIAA 21st International Communications Satellite Systems Conference,Apr.15-19,2003,Yokohama,Japan.
[147]G.Xie,S.Pullen,M.Luo,P.L.Normark,D.Akos,J.Lee,P.Enge,B.Pervan.Integrity Design and Updated Test Results for the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[J].Proceedings of the ION 57th Annual Meeting,Albuquerque,NM.,June 11-13,2001:pp.681-693.
[148]R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,P.Enge.Robust Signal Quality Monitoring and Detection of Evil Waveforms[J],Proceedings of ION GPS 2000,Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.19-22,2000,pp.1180-1190.
[149]R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,P.Enge.SQM Validation Report[R].ICAO GNSSP WG-B Meeting,Seattle,WA.,May 30,2000.
[150]R.E.Phelts,A.Mitelman,S.Pullen,D.Akos,P.Enge.Transient Performance Analysis of a Multicorrelator Signal Quality Monitor[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 2001,Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.11-14,2001:pp.1700-1710.
[151]S.Pullen,J.Lee,G.Xie,P.Enge.CUSUM-Based Real-Time Risk Metrics for Augmented GPS and GNSS.ION GPS/GNSS 2003,Sept.9-12,2003:pp.2275-2288.
[152]S.Pullen,M.Luo,S.Gleason,G.Xie,D.Akos,P.Enge,B.Pervan.GBAS Validation Methodology and Test Results from the Stanford LAAS Integrity Monitor Testbed[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 2000,Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.19-22,2000:pp.1191-1201.
[153]S.Pullen,M.Luo,B.Pervan,F.C.Chang.Ephemeris Protection Level Equations and Monitor Algorithms for GBAS[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 2001.Salt Lake City,UT.,Sept.11-14,2001:pp.1738-1749.
[154]S.Pullen,M.Luo,T.Walter,P.Enge,B.Pervan.The Use of CUSUMs to Validate Protection Level Overbounds for Ground-Based and Space-Based Augmentation Systems[J].Proceedings of ISPA 2000.Munich,Germany,July 18-20,2000.
[155]S.Pullen,M.Luo,G.Xie,J.Lee,R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,G.Elkaim,P.Enge.LAAS Ground Facility Design Improvements to Meet Proposed Requirements for Category Ⅱ/ⅢOperations[J].ION GPS 2002,Portland,OR.,Sept.24-27,2002:pp.1934-1948.
[156]S.Pullen T.Walter.A Quick Look at Last Weekend's SVN/PRN 22 Clock Anomaly[R].Stanford University,Unpublished Presentation,Aug.3,2001.
[157]S.Pullen,T.Walter,P.Enge.System Overview,Recent Developments,and Future Outlook for WAAS and LAAS[J].Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine GPS Symposium,Tokyo,Japan,Nov.11-13,2002.
[158]S.Pullen,G.Xie,P.Enge.Soft Failure Diagnosis and Exclusion for GBAS Ground Facilities[A].Royal Institute of Navigation:NAV 01 Conference[C],Westminster,London,England,Nov.6-8,2001.
[159]C.Shively.Derivation of Acceptable Error Limits for Satellite Signal Faults in LAAS[J].Proceedings of ION GPS 1999.Nashville,TN.,Sept.14-17,1999:pp.761-770.
[160]C.Shively.LAAS CAT Ⅲ Potential Availability Benefit from Dual Frequency(Preliminary Results)[M].Revision 1.McLean,VA.,MITRE/CAASD,May 22,2002.
[161]C.Shively,R.Braff.An Overbound Concept for Pseudorange Error from the LAAS Ground Facility[J].ION Annual Meeting,San Diego,CA.,June 26-28,2000.
[162]T.Skidmore,F.van Graas.DGPS Ground Station Integrity Monitoring[J].ION National Technical Meeting,San Diego,CA.,Jan.24-26,1994.
[163]D.Stratton.Development and Testing of GNSS-Based Landing System Avionics[J].Proceedings of IEEE PLANS 2000.San Diego,CA.,March 13-16,2000:pp.90-97.
[164]P.Enge,R.E.Phelts,and D.Akos.Detecting Anomalous Signals from GPS Satellites[R].in Draft Manuscript.Stanford University,Oct.12,1999.
[165]A.Mitelman,R.E.Phelts,D.Akos,S.Pullen,and P.Enge.A Real-Time Signal Quality Monitor for GPS Augmentation Systems[J].presented at ION GPS 2000,Salt Lake City,UT,Sept.19-22,2000:pp.862-872.
[166]U.S Department of Defense.Global Positioning System(GPS) Standard Positioning Service(SPS) Performance Standard[S].Washington D.C.,October 2001.
[167]B.Pervan.A Review of LGF Code-Carrier Divergence Issues[J].Illinois Institute of Technology,MMAE Dept.,May 29 2001.
[168] S. Matsumoto, S. Pullen, M. Rotkowitz, and B. Pervan. GPS Ephemeris Verification for Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) Ground Stations[J]. presented at ION GPS 1999,Nashville, TN, 1999.
[169]B. Pervan, S. Pullen, and J. Christie. A Multiple Hypothesis Approach to Satellite Navigation Integrity[J]. Journal of the U.S. Institute of Navigation, Vol. 45, Spring 1998.
[170]J. Lee, S. Pullen, G Xie, and P. Enge. LAAS Sigma Monitor Analysis and Failure-Test Verification[J]. presented at ION NTM 2001, Albuquerque, NM, June 11-13,2001.
[171]U.S. Federal Aviation Administration. Specification: Category I Local Area Augmentation System Non-Federal Ground Facility[S]. Washington, D.C. FAA/AND710-2937, May 31,2001.
[172] Federal Aviation Administration. Specification: Performance Type One Local Area Augmentation System Ground Facility[S]. U.S. Washington, D.C. FAA-E-2937, September 21,1999.
[173] J. M. Lucas and R. B. Crosier. Fast Initial Response for CUSUM Quality Control Schemes:Give your CUSUM a Head Start[J]. Technometrics, Vol. 24,1982: pp. 199-205.
[174] M. Gary, T. Murphy, M. Brenner, and S. Pullen. Development of the LAAS Accuracy Models[J]. presented at Proceedings of ION GPS, Salt Lake City, UT, Sept. 19-22, 2000:pp. 1212-1224.
[175]RTCA SC-159 WG-4A. Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards for the Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS)[S]. Washington D.C, DO-245, September 1998.
[176]F. Van Grass. Informal Discussion during Ohio University/Stanford University LAAS Review Meeting[R]. Stanford University, June 21,2002.
[177]B. Pervan, S. Pullen, and M. Luo. Navigation Integrity Monitoring for DGPS-Based Precision Landing of Aircraft[A]. presented at Proceedings of the 1999 American Control Conference, San Diego, CA, June 2-4,1999.
[178]RTCA. GNSS Based Precision Approach Local Area Augmentation System (LAAS) Signal-in-Space Interface Control Document (ICD)[S]. RTCA/DO-246A, Jan. 11,2000.
[179]D. M. Hawkins. Evaluation of the average run length of cumulative sum charts for an arbitrary data distribution[J]. Communications in Statistics, series B, Vol. 21, 1992: pp.1001-1020.
[180]Bruce DeCleene. Defining Pseudorange Integrity-Overbounding. Ion, 2002: pp.1916-1924.