即时通讯技术在远程协作学习系统中的应用研究
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摘要
随着信息技术的飞速发展以及互联网应用的日益普及,远程教育进入了一个崭新的领域。远程协作学习是一种基于网络技术及资源的新型协作学习方式,是通过协作、分享、讨论的形式互相促进,关注集体责任感培养、人际交往能力的锻炼,最终实现个人的全面发展。处于时空分离的学习者通过网络进行协作学习已经成为远程教育的重要特征,近年来受到越来越多的关注。与此同时,即时通讯技术的出现对人们的交往方式产生了巨大影响,使网络迅速成为实现社会交往的虚拟社区,并逐渐被大众所接受。目前,在我国结合即时通讯技术应用于远程协作学习领域、教师对协作学习的控制、学生行为的统计、学生获取网络教学平台资源,进行系统的研究还很少。远程协作学习实践过程中各部分相互独立,没有实现真正的整合,还处在对通讯工具的教育应用和综合性网站合作社区建设阶段。因此,进行基于即时通讯技术的远程协作学习的研究具有十分重要的意义。
正是基于上述背景,本文在对国内外远程协作学习发展现状、即时通讯技术的应用现状及协作学习理论进行分析的基础之上,提出将即时通讯技术、教师、学生、资源平台之间建立联系,使之成为一种新的远程协作学习模式,并设计开发了基于即时通讯技术的远程协作学习系统。该系统通过对即时通讯技术教育功能的挖掘,实现了远程协作学习的环境创建、过程管理、行为统计等功能。本文对即时通讯技术应用于远程协作学习进行了初步的探索与研究,也为将来在这个领域更深入的研究打下了基础。最后,本文对系统的不足之处提出了改进设想,并对基于即时通讯技术的远程协作学习未来的研究作出了展望。
With the rapid development of the information technology,and the increasing popularization of the Internet,Distance Education has entered a new field. Distance Collaborative Learning is a new learning mode,promote students' overall development,through collaboration,sharing,discussion.Distance Collaborative Learning emphasizes to the collective responsibility,interpersonal communication skills. The learners are in the space and time separation,and learning on web is an important feature of Distance Education.Meanwhile,Internet has tuened into a virtual community through Instant Messaging,and is accepted gradually by the populace.Nowadays,the research on the following aspects is not enough,such as Instant Messaging technology in the field of Distance Collaborative Learning,and the process of using Instant Messaging technology of Collaborative Learning,and the control of Collaborative Learning by teachers,and students get resources efficiently.Each part of Distance Collaborative Learning practice process is independent,mainly used in simple application and creating cooperation community on the website.Therefore,based on Instant Messaging technology of Distance Collaborative Learning research has the extremely vital significance.
Under this background and based on the research of Distance Collaborative Learning development in domestic and overseas,and Instant Messaging application, this paper suggests that a new Learning mode should be established,combined organically with the technology,the teachers,the students and the resources platform. The Designed a Distance Collaborative Learning System based on Instant Messaging, by this system teachers can achieve the learning environment,process management,etc. In the future,it is believed that this system will take further research.Finally,the existing problems and future improvement assumption are given,and proposed anticipation of the future of Distance Collaborative Learning research based on Instant Messaging technology.
正是基于上述背景,本文在对国内外远程协作学习发展现状、即时通讯技术的应用现状及协作学习理论进行分析的基础之上,提出将即时通讯技术、教师、学生、资源平台之间建立联系,使之成为一种新的远程协作学习模式,并设计开发了基于即时通讯技术的远程协作学习系统。该系统通过对即时通讯技术教育功能的挖掘,实现了远程协作学习的环境创建、过程管理、行为统计等功能。本文对即时通讯技术应用于远程协作学习进行了初步的探索与研究,也为将来在这个领域更深入的研究打下了基础。最后,本文对系统的不足之处提出了改进设想,并对基于即时通讯技术的远程协作学习未来的研究作出了展望。
With the rapid development of the information technology,and the increasing popularization of the Internet,Distance Education has entered a new field. Distance Collaborative Learning is a new learning mode,promote students' overall development,through collaboration,sharing,discussion.Distance Collaborative Learning emphasizes to the collective responsibility,interpersonal communication skills. The learners are in the space and time separation,and learning on web is an important feature of Distance Education.Meanwhile,Internet has tuened into a virtual community through Instant Messaging,and is accepted gradually by the populace.Nowadays,the research on the following aspects is not enough,such as Instant Messaging technology in the field of Distance Collaborative Learning,and the process of using Instant Messaging technology of Collaborative Learning,and the control of Collaborative Learning by teachers,and students get resources efficiently.Each part of Distance Collaborative Learning practice process is independent,mainly used in simple application and creating cooperation community on the website.Therefore,based on Instant Messaging technology of Distance Collaborative Learning research has the extremely vital significance.
Under this background and based on the research of Distance Collaborative Learning development in domestic and overseas,and Instant Messaging application, this paper suggests that a new Learning mode should be established,combined organically with the technology,the teachers,the students and the resources platform. The Designed a Distance Collaborative Learning System based on Instant Messaging, by this system teachers can achieve the learning environment,process management,etc. In the future,it is believed that this system will take further research.Finally,the existing problems and future improvement assumption are given,and proposed anticipation of the future of Distance Collaborative Learning research based on Instant Messaging technology.
引文
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[2]谢新观等.远程教育概[M].中央广播电视大学出版社.2001
[3]Eulynn Shiu.Amanda Lenhart.How Americans use instant Messaging[R].Washington:Pew Internet & American Life Project.2004
[4]中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R].北京.中国互联网络信息中心.2009
[5]Andrew Edney.Rui Maximo.Pro LCS-Live Communications Server Administration[M].California.Apress.2007.(1).7-14
[6]李虹.远程开放教育中协同学习小组的特性[J].重庆广播电视大学学报.2002.(2).11
[7]T.R.噶斯基著.王坦译.合作掌握学习的策略[J].山东教育科研.1993.(5)
[8]陈丽.远程教育学基础[M].北京.高等教育出版社.2004.13-15
[9]王春枝.张伟.基于建构主义的远程视频教育[J].软件导刊.2005.(20).43-45
[10]张文兰.建构主义学习环境下教师角色的再定位[J].电化教育研究.1999.(4)
[11]马传宝.构建基于Internet的协作学习的应用模式[J].中国电化教育.2002.(7).39-40
[12]刘凡丰.网络教育的四种交互及交互作用[J].开放教育研究.2002.(6).28-30
[13]王妍莉.马志强.基于CSCL理论的文献研究[J].软件导刊.2008.(12).45-47
[14]Levent Altinay.Alexandros Paraskevas.A computer-supported collaborative learning(CSCL)approach in teaching research methods[J].Hospitality Management 2007.(26).623-644
[15]吴涛顾.月琴.试析CSCL的理论基础及协作原则[J].教学研究.2009.(3)
[16]周庆华.现代远程教育的理论与实践[M].陕西人民出版社.2007.(9)
[17]David W.Johnson.Roger T.Johnson.Karl Smith.The State of Cooperative Learning in Postsecondary and Professional Settings[J].Educational Psychology Review.2007.(3).12-15
[18]欧益生.张建芳.综合实践活动课程:常态化实施实践与研究[M].浙江教育出版社.2006.(10).130-135
[19]秦国林.合作学习的基本理论及其借鉴意义[J].黑龙江高教研究.2007.(9)
[20]李克东.信息技术环境下基于协作学习的教学设计[J].电化教育研究.2000.(4).7-13
[21]王旭红.情境认知理论及其在教学中的应用[J].当代教育论坛.2008.(10).9-11
[22]EDITORIAL.Distance Education:Past.Contributions and Possible Futures.Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia.2005.26.(2).159-163
[23]Jeanne M.Wilson.Susan G.Straus b.Bill McEvily.All in due time:The development of trust in computer-mediatedand face-to-face teams[J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes.2006.(99).16-33
[24]Douglas B.Clark.Victor Sampson.Armin Weinberger.Analytic Frameworks for Assessing Dialogic Argumentation in Online Learning Environments[J].Educ Psychol Rev.2007.(19).343
[25]Bram De Wever.Hilde Van Keer.Tammy Schellens.Applying multilevel modelling to content analysis data.Methodological issues in the study of role assignment in asynchronous discussion groups[J].Learning and Instruction 2007.(17).436-447
[26]Gijsbert Erkens.Jos Jaspers.Maaike Prangsma.Coordination processes in computer supported collaborative writing[J].Computers in Human Behavior.2005.(21).463-486
[27]王珠珠.张伟远.我国普通高校网上教学平台及网站建设的现状分析.中国远程教育.2005.(2).40-44
[28]陈丽.仝艳蕊.远程学习中社会性交互策略和方法[J].中国远程教育.2006.(8)
[29]Peter J.Smith.Distance Education:Past Contributions and Possible Futures[J].Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia.2005.(26).159-163
[30]赵建华著.计算机支持的协作学习[M].上海教育出版社.2006.159-165
[31]J.W.Strijbos.R.L.Martens.Jochems.Designing for interaction.Six steps to designing computer-supported group-based learning[J].Computers & Education 2004.(42).403-424
[32]杨改学.现代远程教育[M].北京:国防工业出版社.2003.(7).5-9
[33]周庆华.现代远程教育的理论与实践[M].陕西人民出版社.2007
[34]Aaron X.L.Shen.Christy M.K.Cheung.Matthew K.O.Lee.The Power of" We ".Using Instant Messaging for Student Group Project Discussion[R].Hawaii.Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on System Sciences.2008
[35]王敏娟.参与式学习和网络教学法[J].开放教育研究2008.14.(2).22-27
[36]汪琼.费龙.网上教学支撑平台现状分析[J].电化教育研究.2000.(8).36-37
[2]谢新观等.远程教育概[M].中央广播电视大学出版社.2001
[3]Eulynn Shiu.Amanda Lenhart.How Americans use instant Messaging[R].Washington:Pew Internet & American Life Project.2004
[4]中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[R].北京.中国互联网络信息中心.2009
[5]Andrew Edney.Rui Maximo.Pro LCS-Live Communications Server Administration[M].California.Apress.2007.(1).7-14
[6]李虹.远程开放教育中协同学习小组的特性[J].重庆广播电视大学学报.2002.(2).11
[7]T.R.噶斯基著.王坦译.合作掌握学习的策略[J].山东教育科研.1993.(5)
[8]陈丽.远程教育学基础[M].北京.高等教育出版社.2004.13-15
[9]王春枝.张伟.基于建构主义的远程视频教育[J].软件导刊.2005.(20).43-45
[10]张文兰.建构主义学习环境下教师角色的再定位[J].电化教育研究.1999.(4)
[11]马传宝.构建基于Internet的协作学习的应用模式[J].中国电化教育.2002.(7).39-40
[12]刘凡丰.网络教育的四种交互及交互作用[J].开放教育研究.2002.(6).28-30
[13]王妍莉.马志强.基于CSCL理论的文献研究[J].软件导刊.2008.(12).45-47
[14]Levent Altinay.Alexandros Paraskevas.A computer-supported collaborative learning(CSCL)approach in teaching research methods[J].Hospitality Management 2007.(26).623-644
[15]吴涛顾.月琴.试析CSCL的理论基础及协作原则[J].教学研究.2009.(3)
[16]周庆华.现代远程教育的理论与实践[M].陕西人民出版社.2007.(9)
[17]David W.Johnson.Roger T.Johnson.Karl Smith.The State of Cooperative Learning in Postsecondary and Professional Settings[J].Educational Psychology Review.2007.(3).12-15
[18]欧益生.张建芳.综合实践活动课程:常态化实施实践与研究[M].浙江教育出版社.2006.(10).130-135
[19]秦国林.合作学习的基本理论及其借鉴意义[J].黑龙江高教研究.2007.(9)
[20]李克东.信息技术环境下基于协作学习的教学设计[J].电化教育研究.2000.(4).7-13
[21]王旭红.情境认知理论及其在教学中的应用[J].当代教育论坛.2008.(10).9-11
[22]EDITORIAL.Distance Education:Past.Contributions and Possible Futures.Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia.2005.26.(2).159-163
[23]Jeanne M.Wilson.Susan G.Straus b.Bill McEvily.All in due time:The development of trust in computer-mediatedand face-to-face teams[J].Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes.2006.(99).16-33
[24]Douglas B.Clark.Victor Sampson.Armin Weinberger.Analytic Frameworks for Assessing Dialogic Argumentation in Online Learning Environments[J].Educ Psychol Rev.2007.(19).343
[25]Bram De Wever.Hilde Van Keer.Tammy Schellens.Applying multilevel modelling to content analysis data.Methodological issues in the study of role assignment in asynchronous discussion groups[J].Learning and Instruction 2007.(17).436-447
[26]Gijsbert Erkens.Jos Jaspers.Maaike Prangsma.Coordination processes in computer supported collaborative writing[J].Computers in Human Behavior.2005.(21).463-486
[27]王珠珠.张伟远.我国普通高校网上教学平台及网站建设的现状分析.中国远程教育.2005.(2).40-44
[28]陈丽.仝艳蕊.远程学习中社会性交互策略和方法[J].中国远程教育.2006.(8)
[29]Peter J.Smith.Distance Education:Past Contributions and Possible Futures[J].Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia.2005.(26).159-163
[30]赵建华著.计算机支持的协作学习[M].上海教育出版社.2006.159-165
[31]J.W.Strijbos.R.L.Martens.Jochems.Designing for interaction.Six steps to designing computer-supported group-based learning[J].Computers & Education 2004.(42).403-424
[32]杨改学.现代远程教育[M].北京:国防工业出版社.2003.(7).5-9
[33]周庆华.现代远程教育的理论与实践[M].陕西人民出版社.2007
[34]Aaron X.L.Shen.Christy M.K.Cheung.Matthew K.O.Lee.The Power of" We ".Using Instant Messaging for Student Group Project Discussion[R].Hawaii.Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on System Sciences.2008
[35]王敏娟.参与式学习和网络教学法[J].开放教育研究2008.14.(2).22-27
[36]汪琼.费龙.网上教学支撑平台现状分析[J].电化教育研究.2000.(8).36-37