无网格法在汽车车内噪声分析中的应用研究
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摘要
针对目前在汽车噪声分析时尚未有一种成熟的方法用于中频分析,本文提出用无网格方法来求解。无网格方法作为一种数值分析方法,与有限元法、边界元法等传统的数值分析方法相比具有许多突出的优点。近年来,国内外学者在无网格方法研究方面已经取得了很多具有开创性的重要成果,本论文尝试将无网格方法用于分析车内噪声,期望能较好地解决中频域的噪声分析问题。
在研究过程中主要进行了如下研究工作:
1.介绍了汽车的NVH特性,总结了NVH技术的最新发展,指出车内噪声分析与控制是其重要的组成部分。通过分析国内外学者在车内噪声研究方面取得的成果及进展,归纳出在汽车噪声分析领域常用到的如有限元法、边界元法、统计能量法等常用分析方法。详细分析了各种分析方法在分析计算车内噪声各频段内的优缺点,进而有针对性地提出了本文的研究内容。
2.简要介绍了无网格法的研究现状和发展趋势,总结了无网格法的特点及优越性,大体描述了无网格法实现的总体步骤,综合考虑本文研究对象与无网格法的特点,选取了无网格配点法和无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法用于本文的分析。
3.详细推导出空穴声学模态分析的无网格法方程,以某车的乘员舱作为计算模型,采用自编的计算机程序分析了乘员舱的声学模态,并进行了数值计算验证。
4.基于声—固耦合的无网格模型,充分运用无网格法的优点,建立了一种无网格法分析车内噪声中频域方法。
通过本文的研究,推广了无网格法在分析车内噪声中的应用,经验证无网格法能有效进行中频域的噪声分析。
This thesis proposed meshless method to solve the problem that there is not a mature method on the mid-frequency analysis of automotive noise analysis at present. Meshless method as a numerical analysis method has many outstanding advantages comparing with the finite element method, boundary element method and other traditional numerical methods. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have been made a lot of important ground-breaking results in the meshless method field. The paper tried to use meshless method for the analysis of automotive interior noise, hoping to solve the noise analysis problem of mid-frequency domain.
The main research work involves:
1. This paper introduced the NVH characteristics of the automobile, summarized the latest developments in NVH technology and indicated that analyzed and controlled the automotive interior noise is an important component of NVH. Through analyzing the results and progress achieved by domestic and foreign scholars in the car noise study aspect, some analysis methods such as finite element method, boundary element method and statistical energy analysis which were commonly used in the areas of automotive noise analysis were summarized. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the various analysis methods in the analysis of each band of the noise inside the car in detail, this paper corresponding put forward its research content.
2. Then this paper concisely introduced the research status and development trends of the meshless method, summarized the characteristics and the superiority of meshless method and described the general implementation steps. Considering this study and the characteristics of meshless method, the meshless collocation method and the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method were selected for the analysis in this paper.
3. After deriving in detail the meshless equation for the acoustic modal analysis of cavity, this paper took a car’s crew module as a model, used the computer program that was written by self to analyze the acoustic mode of the crew module and validated this method through numerical calculation.
4. Furthermore on the sound–structure coupling model foundation, this paper made full use the advantages of meshless method to establish a method to analyze the automotive interior mid-frequency noise using meshless method.
Through this study, the meshless method was spread in the analysis of the automotive interior noise. The practical example certificated that the meshless method could be effectively used in the mid-frequency noise analysis.
在研究过程中主要进行了如下研究工作:
1.介绍了汽车的NVH特性,总结了NVH技术的最新发展,指出车内噪声分析与控制是其重要的组成部分。通过分析国内外学者在车内噪声研究方面取得的成果及进展,归纳出在汽车噪声分析领域常用到的如有限元法、边界元法、统计能量法等常用分析方法。详细分析了各种分析方法在分析计算车内噪声各频段内的优缺点,进而有针对性地提出了本文的研究内容。
2.简要介绍了无网格法的研究现状和发展趋势,总结了无网格法的特点及优越性,大体描述了无网格法实现的总体步骤,综合考虑本文研究对象与无网格法的特点,选取了无网格配点法和无网格局部Petrov-Galerkin法用于本文的分析。
3.详细推导出空穴声学模态分析的无网格法方程,以某车的乘员舱作为计算模型,采用自编的计算机程序分析了乘员舱的声学模态,并进行了数值计算验证。
4.基于声—固耦合的无网格模型,充分运用无网格法的优点,建立了一种无网格法分析车内噪声中频域方法。
通过本文的研究,推广了无网格法在分析车内噪声中的应用,经验证无网格法能有效进行中频域的噪声分析。
This thesis proposed meshless method to solve the problem that there is not a mature method on the mid-frequency analysis of automotive noise analysis at present. Meshless method as a numerical analysis method has many outstanding advantages comparing with the finite element method, boundary element method and other traditional numerical methods. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have been made a lot of important ground-breaking results in the meshless method field. The paper tried to use meshless method for the analysis of automotive interior noise, hoping to solve the noise analysis problem of mid-frequency domain.
The main research work involves:
1. This paper introduced the NVH characteristics of the automobile, summarized the latest developments in NVH technology and indicated that analyzed and controlled the automotive interior noise is an important component of NVH. Through analyzing the results and progress achieved by domestic and foreign scholars in the car noise study aspect, some analysis methods such as finite element method, boundary element method and statistical energy analysis which were commonly used in the areas of automotive noise analysis were summarized. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the various analysis methods in the analysis of each band of the noise inside the car in detail, this paper corresponding put forward its research content.
2. Then this paper concisely introduced the research status and development trends of the meshless method, summarized the characteristics and the superiority of meshless method and described the general implementation steps. Considering this study and the characteristics of meshless method, the meshless collocation method and the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin method were selected for the analysis in this paper.
3. After deriving in detail the meshless equation for the acoustic modal analysis of cavity, this paper took a car’s crew module as a model, used the computer program that was written by self to analyze the acoustic mode of the crew module and validated this method through numerical calculation.
4. Furthermore on the sound–structure coupling model foundation, this paper made full use the advantages of meshless method to establish a method to analyze the automotive interior mid-frequency noise using meshless method.
Through this study, the meshless method was spread in the analysis of the automotive interior noise. The practical example certificated that the meshless method could be effectively used in the mid-frequency noise analysis.
引文
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[19] H. I. Koh, H. B. Kwon, W. H. You , J. H. Park.A Study on Source Mechanism in the Interior Noise Problem of High Speed Trains [J] .Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design,2008,99:222-228
[20] Kailash Krishnaswamy, Rajesh Raja Mani, Jong Jin Woo .Structural vibration control for broadband noise attenuation in enclosures [J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2009,19:1414-1423
[21] Dandy Eschricht, Bjorn Greschner, Frank Thiele,Marc C. Jacob.Numerical Simulation of Jet Mixing Noise Associated with Engine Exhausts [J].Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design,2009,104:121-146
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[29]张琪,张卫红.封闭空腔声学特性研究[J].强度与环境. 2008,35(6):36-39
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[3]余志牛.汽车理论(第二版).北京:机械工业出版社,1996.5
[4]何渝生.汽车噪声控制.北京:机械工业出版社,1999.8
[5]汽车加速行驶车外噪声限值及测量方法.中华人民共和国国家标准GB1495-2002
[6]徐兀.汽车振动和噪声控制.人民交通出版社,1987.7
[7] Elliott.D.R.Crowther.P.J, Benett .C.J. Development of a practical method for the subjective appraisal of total betide NVH refinement.SAE 951285
[8] Exner,Wolfgang.NVH phenomena in light truck drivelines SAE 952641
[9]吴光强,盛云,方园.基于声学灵敏度的汽车噪声声一固耦合[J].机械工程学报,2009,45(3)
[10]申秀敏,左曙光,何吕昌,张世炜,李林.车内噪声声品质的神经网络预测[J].声学技术,2009,28(3)
[11]邱亚宇.基于SYSNOISE的车内噪声主动控制研究[J].机械与电子,2009,15
[12]周敬东,张三强,陈源,史铁林.带有阻尼结构的车内噪声控制研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2009,8(4)
[13]于增亮,张立军,孙北.轮毂电机驱动电动微型车车内噪声道路试验分析[J].设计研究,2009
[14]贾继德,陈剑,王军.车内噪声分析与控制研究[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(2)
[15]陈书明,王登峰,陈鑫.小波变换在轿车车内噪声源识别中的应用研究[J].噪声与振动控制,2009,4(2)
[16] S. J. Kim , S. K. Lee.Prediction of interior noise by excitation force of the power train based on hybrid transfer path analysis [J] .International Journal of Automotive Technology,2008,9:577-583
[17] J. T. Nelson, M. Harrisson ,M. Pettersson.Structure-Borne Noise,Vibration Control for Chats wood Interchange [J] .Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design,2008,99:143-149
[18] Steffen Marburg.Developments in structural-acoustic optimization for passive noise control [J].Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering,2009,9:291-370.
[19] H. I. Koh, H. B. Kwon, W. H. You , J. H. Park.A Study on Source Mechanism in the Interior Noise Problem of High Speed Trains [J] .Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design,2008,99:222-228
[20] Kailash Krishnaswamy, Rajesh Raja Mani, Jong Jin Woo .Structural vibration control for broadband noise attenuation in enclosures [J].Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,2009,19:1414-1423
[21] Dandy Eschricht, Bjorn Greschner, Frank Thiele,Marc C. Jacob.Numerical Simulation of Jet Mixing Noise Associated with Engine Exhausts [J].Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design,2009,104:121-146
[22]林逸.带有非完整约束的汽车多刚体系统动力学研究:[博士学位论文].吉林:吉林工业大学汽车学院.1989.9
[23]蒋孝煜.有限元法基础(修订版).清华大学出版社,1992
[24]徐次达,华伯浩.同体力学有限元理论、方法及程序.水利电力出版社,1983
[25] W.B.Turner,F.M. Turgay. Development of coupled structure-acoustic FE models for vehicle refinement.ImechE Seminar Publication.C521/026/98
[26] MSC/NASTRAN Advanced Dynamics guide Version 2001, The Macneal-Schwendler Corporation, 2001
[27]宋雷鸣,孙守光,张新华.用有限元法分析铁路客车车内空间的声学特性[J].噪声与振动控制. 2005,(2):21-22
[28]虞爱民,张雷,陈琳等.封闭空间声学特性的有限元分析及CAD技术应用研究[J].机械强度. 2000,22(2):92-93
[29]张琪,张卫红.封闭空腔声学特性研究[J].强度与环境. 2008,35(6):36-39
[30] J.A.Hargreves. The use of indirect coupled boundary element analysis in vehicle NVH refinement.ImechE Seminar Publication.C521/019/98
[31]李瑞遐.有限元法与边界元法.上海科技教育出版社.1993.10
[32]申光宪等.边界无法.机械工业出版社.1998.4
[33]姚寿广.边界无数值方法及其工程应用.国防工业出版社,1995.3
[34]李增刚.SYSNOISE Rev5.6详解.国防工业出版社.2005
[35]白金泽.LS-DYNA3D理论基础与实例分析.北京:科学出版社.2004.12
[36]李裕春,时党勇,赵远.ANSYS10.0/LS-DYNA基础理论与工程实例.中国水利水电出版社.2004.6
[37]尚晓红,苏建宁等.ANSYS10.0/LS-DYNA动力分析方法与工程实例.中国水利水电出版社.2006.1
[38] M’hamed Souli. LS_DYNA advanced course in ALE and Fluid-Structure Coupling. Livermore Software Technology Corporation Livermore, 2002
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