Web Services在B2B集成中的应用研究
摘要
在日新月异的Internet时代,基于Web的应用已经进入了千家万户,对各行各业都起到了不可估量的作用。特别是随着电子商务的盛行,越来越多的企业、机构接入网络,B2C、B2B的网上交易已经成为企业发展的必然趋势。近几年来B2B交易的市场份额在逐步上升,占有越来越多的比重。虽然大多数企业已经在企业内部实行了管理的信息化,然而各个企业的管理系统都各自独立,大多数企业间还是沿用传统的联系和交易方式,往往因为信息不能及时准确的共享而造成交易双方实现的困难。在这种紧迫的形势下,有很多的技术都应用到B2B的集成中来,以解决企业间存在的信息孤岛的危机。但是,由于技术、实施上的问题,从集成的结果上看,都存在着一定的利弊。
随着解决Web应用和桌面系统之间连接沟鸿的Web Services技术的产生和发展,开发人员逐步发现Web Services所具有的跨平台互操作性、重用性等特点能为多个业务服务和业务伙伴提供一个单一的公用框架,方便商业进程、应用程序、企业、合作伙伴、客户等之间的有效集成。Web Services的出现为那些由不同资源构建的商业应用程序之间的通信和协作带来了光明的前景,从而使得他们能够彼此协作,而不受各自底层实现方案的影响。
本文首先探讨了设计和实现Web服务所需的服务标准和技术,重点介绍了Web服务的体系结构、协议和实现方法,包括SOAP、WSDL、XML和UDDI等。其次分析了在Java和Delphi等开发环境下实现Web服务的工具。并在此基础上设计了一个基于Web服务的B2B集成系统原型,该原型在应用系统的集成中得到了应用,为B2B应用集成提供了一个良好的技术途径。
In the Internet age changing with each passing day, the application based on Web has gone into families, and affect on all trades and fields. Especially, with the prevailing of e-commerce, more and more enterprises and organizations connect to network, and online transaction by B2C or B2B has become the inevitable trend of development of enterprises. In recent years, the market share by B2B has increased step by step. Although most enterprises have already established management information system (MIS), MIS of different enterprises run separately and enterprises continue to work in traditional communication and transaction manner. Therefore, it is quite likely to result in trade difficulty by lack of exact information share in time;many technologies have been applicated in the integration of B2B to resolve the crisis of information island. However, various integration technology and implementation have the advantages and disadvantages.With the development of Web Services technology which can solve the connection problem between Web application and desktop system, developers find that the interoperability of platform and the reuse of Web Services can offer a single sharing frame for business partners to effectively integrate among commercial process, application program,enterprise, cooperative partner, customer, etc. The appearance of Web Services have brought the bright prospect to the communication among business application programs constructed by different resources,thus enable them to cooperate each other and not be influenced by their implementation scheme.This thesis first discussed service standard and the technology which Web Services needed in design and realization, introduced the Web Services system structure, the protocol and the realization method with emphasis, including SOAP, WSDL, XML and UDDI and so on. Then this thesis analyzed the implementation tools of Web Services under some development environment such as Java and Delphi. In this foundation, the thesis Last designed a B2B integrative system
prototype based on Web Services, this prototype was applied in the application system integration and provided a good technical way to realize B2B integration.
随着解决Web应用和桌面系统之间连接沟鸿的Web Services技术的产生和发展,开发人员逐步发现Web Services所具有的跨平台互操作性、重用性等特点能为多个业务服务和业务伙伴提供一个单一的公用框架,方便商业进程、应用程序、企业、合作伙伴、客户等之间的有效集成。Web Services的出现为那些由不同资源构建的商业应用程序之间的通信和协作带来了光明的前景,从而使得他们能够彼此协作,而不受各自底层实现方案的影响。
本文首先探讨了设计和实现Web服务所需的服务标准和技术,重点介绍了Web服务的体系结构、协议和实现方法,包括SOAP、WSDL、XML和UDDI等。其次分析了在Java和Delphi等开发环境下实现Web服务的工具。并在此基础上设计了一个基于Web服务的B2B集成系统原型,该原型在应用系统的集成中得到了应用,为B2B应用集成提供了一个良好的技术途径。
In the Internet age changing with each passing day, the application based on Web has gone into families, and affect on all trades and fields. Especially, with the prevailing of e-commerce, more and more enterprises and organizations connect to network, and online transaction by B2C or B2B has become the inevitable trend of development of enterprises. In recent years, the market share by B2B has increased step by step. Although most enterprises have already established management information system (MIS), MIS of different enterprises run separately and enterprises continue to work in traditional communication and transaction manner. Therefore, it is quite likely to result in trade difficulty by lack of exact information share in time;many technologies have been applicated in the integration of B2B to resolve the crisis of information island. However, various integration technology and implementation have the advantages and disadvantages.With the development of Web Services technology which can solve the connection problem between Web application and desktop system, developers find that the interoperability of platform and the reuse of Web Services can offer a single sharing frame for business partners to effectively integrate among commercial process, application program,enterprise, cooperative partner, customer, etc. The appearance of Web Services have brought the bright prospect to the communication among business application programs constructed by different resources,thus enable them to cooperate each other and not be influenced by their implementation scheme.This thesis first discussed service standard and the technology which Web Services needed in design and realization, introduced the Web Services system structure, the protocol and the realization method with emphasis, including SOAP, WSDL, XML and UDDI and so on. Then this thesis analyzed the implementation tools of Web Services under some development environment such as Java and Delphi. In this foundation, the thesis Last designed a B2B integrative system
prototype based on Web Services, this prototype was applied in the application system integration and provided a good technical way to realize B2B integration.
引文
[1] 武晓慧.基于XML和Web Services的企业间信息集成研究:[硕士学位论文].西安交通大学,2003.11:6～10
[2] 靳风荣,郑雪峰,孙国辉.SOAP协议及其在企业信息集成中的应用研究.微计算机信息.2004(4)66～67
[3] 边海峰.基于智能代理和Web服务的动态电子商务集成.清华大学学报2003(3):429-432
[4] 黄成.基于Web服务的企业应用集成架构及引擎研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江大学.2005:10～13
[5] 黎朝辉.基于Web服务的B2B电子商务中的在线采购系统的实现研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉大学,2004(5):21～26
[6] Gunjan Samtani,Dimple Sadhwani.J2EE-based Application Servers,Web Services and EAI.Web Services Journal,may 2002
[7] Mikhail Genkin,Jin Li.Web services and J2EE Connectors for B2B Integration.http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks//library/j-conn/index.html.
[8] 刘英丹,董传良.利用Web Service实现企业应用集成.计算机应用.2003(7):124～126
[9] 岳桦,王恩波.SOAP协议在电子商务中的应用.北方工业大学学报.2002(3):45～47
[10] 柴晓路,梁宇奇.Web Services技术、架构和应用.北京:电子工业出版社.2003:426-501
[11] 周宏生.基于Web服务的企业应用集成的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文].大连理工大学,2005:32～36
[12] 范颍杰,胡运发.基于J2EE的统一资源描述、发现和集成(UDDI)系统.计算机工程.2003(21):64～65
[13] 柴晓路.Web Service Overview.http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/web-service-Archite-cture-v2.pps.
[14] Nentwich.C,Emmerich.W, Finkelstein.A 等Box:Browsing objects in XML. Software-Practice and Experience. Dec 2000:15～18
[15] 吕曦,王化文.Web Service的架构和协议.计算机应用.2002(12)
[16] 闫新庆,李文峰,陈定方.Web服务的体系结构和应用.武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2002(5):28～31
[17] Dralk V. Discovering Web Services: an Overview. Proc of 27th VLDB, Roma, Italy. Sept2001:21～25
[18] 蔡月茹,柳西玲.Web Service基础教程.北京清华大学出版社.2005.4～15
[19] 吴应良.基于Web Service的动态电子商务体系结构.计算机应用研究,2003(7):22～25
[20] 朱晶,沈美明.Web服务系统的性能分析与测试.计算机工程与应用,2001(15):9～11
[21] 李东,周晓宇.SOAP及其对Web服务的影响.计算机工程与应用.2002(12):78～81
[22] 张文斌,叶红云,陈恩红.基于Web Service的B2B电子商务环境构建技术.计算机工程.2002(11):77～79
[23] Lawrence Wilkes. Web Services—Right Here, Right now. IBM. 2002. http://www-s.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/cbdi.pdf
[24] 周晖.基于WebService的企业应用集成技术研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江大学,2004:45～49
[25] 刘洋,魏飞.精通JBoss—EJB与Web Service开发精解.北京电子工业出版社.2004:249～261
[26] 程序员杂志社.SOAP协议规范.见程序员2003合订本.北京:电子工业出版社.2004:50～53
[27] 戴露思,廖文和,田宏.基于Web Service的B2B电子商务系统模型的研究(英文).Transaction of Nanjing University of Aeronautics, 2003(1): 121～126
[28] Peter Brittenham, Francisco Cubera, Dave Ehnebuske, Steve Graham. Under-standing WSDL in a UDDI registry. http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl/
[29] EricChristensen等. Web Service Description Language(WSDL) W3C. 2001. 3. 15
[30] 郑辉,李冠一,涂奉生.使用传统应用构建Web Service的方法.计算机工程,2004(7):88～89
[31] Ramesh Nagappan, Robert Skoczylas, Rima Patel Sriganesh著,庞太刚,陶程等译.Java Web服务开发.北京:清华大学出版社.2004,149～198
[32] UDDI SDK Version 2.0.http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/downloads/list/websrvuddi.asp
[33] 王艳峰,王峰,金键等.Web Service的资源中介——UDDI注册中心介绍.http://www.cnnic.net.cn/resource/daily, 2003. 11
[34] UDDI. org, Barbara McKee, David Ehnebuske等. UDDI Programmers API Specification Version 2.0. 8 June 2001
[35] David A. Cbappell & Tyler Jewell. Java Web Service. 北京:中国电力出版社.2003:24～25
[36] Matjaz B. Juric, Marjan Hericko. J2EE, EAI and Web Services: New Challenges for your Information Systems. Web Services Journal, May 2002: 17～19
[37] (美)Steven L.Halter,Steven J.Munroe著.许崇梅,张雪莲等译.Java技术精髓.机械工业出版社,2002:156～201
[38] 飞思科技产品研发中心.Java Web服务应用开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社.2002:71～124
[39] 肖刚.Java Web服务器应用程序设计.北京:电子工业出版社.2001.9:160～168
[40] 赵敏,王余旺,王俊,刁兴春.基于AXIS的分布式Java Web Service的应用.信息技术与信息化,2005(2):48～50
[41] Ray Lai著,周斌,刘亚萍冯艳玲等译.J2EE平台Web Services.北京电子工业出版社,2005.59～68
[42] 陈灿煌.Delphi6彻底研究.北京:中国铁道出版社.2002:389～400
[43] 正东曦,唐少华,黎绍发.XML Web服务安全技术纵览.计算机工程与应用.2004(7):38-41
[44] 沈良忠.基于Web服务的集成应用研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江工业大学学.2004:45～47
[2] 靳风荣,郑雪峰,孙国辉.SOAP协议及其在企业信息集成中的应用研究.微计算机信息.2004(4)66～67
[3] 边海峰.基于智能代理和Web服务的动态电子商务集成.清华大学学报2003(3):429-432
[4] 黄成.基于Web服务的企业应用集成架构及引擎研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江大学.2005:10～13
[5] 黎朝辉.基于Web服务的B2B电子商务中的在线采购系统的实现研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉大学,2004(5):21～26
[6] Gunjan Samtani,Dimple Sadhwani.J2EE-based Application Servers,Web Services and EAI.Web Services Journal,may 2002
[7] Mikhail Genkin,Jin Li.Web services and J2EE Connectors for B2B Integration.http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks//library/j-conn/index.html.
[8] 刘英丹,董传良.利用Web Service实现企业应用集成.计算机应用.2003(7):124～126
[9] 岳桦,王恩波.SOAP协议在电子商务中的应用.北方工业大学学报.2002(3):45～47
[10] 柴晓路,梁宇奇.Web Services技术、架构和应用.北京:电子工业出版社.2003:426-501
[11] 周宏生.基于Web服务的企业应用集成的研究与应用:[硕士学位论文].大连理工大学,2005:32～36
[12] 范颍杰,胡运发.基于J2EE的统一资源描述、发现和集成(UDDI)系统.计算机工程.2003(21):64～65
[13] 柴晓路.Web Service Overview.http://www.uddi-china.org/pubs/web-service-Archite-cture-v2.pps.
[14] Nentwich.C,Emmerich.W, Finkelstein.A 等Box:Browsing objects in XML. Software-Practice and Experience. Dec 2000:15～18
[15] 吕曦,王化文.Web Service的架构和协议.计算机应用.2002(12)
[16] 闫新庆,李文峰,陈定方.Web服务的体系结构和应用.武汉理工大学学报(信息与管理工程版),2002(5):28～31
[17] Dralk V. Discovering Web Services: an Overview. Proc of 27th VLDB, Roma, Italy. Sept2001:21～25
[18] 蔡月茹,柳西玲.Web Service基础教程.北京清华大学出版社.2005.4～15
[19] 吴应良.基于Web Service的动态电子商务体系结构.计算机应用研究,2003(7):22～25
[20] 朱晶,沈美明.Web服务系统的性能分析与测试.计算机工程与应用,2001(15):9～11
[21] 李东,周晓宇.SOAP及其对Web服务的影响.计算机工程与应用.2002(12):78～81
[22] 张文斌,叶红云,陈恩红.基于Web Service的B2B电子商务环境构建技术.计算机工程.2002(11):77～79
[23] Lawrence Wilkes. Web Services—Right Here, Right now. IBM. 2002. http://www-s.ibm.com/software/solutions/webservices/pdf/cbdi.pdf
[24] 周晖.基于WebService的企业应用集成技术研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江大学,2004:45～49
[25] 刘洋,魏飞.精通JBoss—EJB与Web Service开发精解.北京电子工业出版社.2004:249～261
[26] 程序员杂志社.SOAP协议规范.见程序员2003合订本.北京:电子工业出版社.2004:50～53
[27] 戴露思,廖文和,田宏.基于Web Service的B2B电子商务系统模型的研究(英文).Transaction of Nanjing University of Aeronautics, 2003(1): 121～126
[28] Peter Brittenham, Francisco Cubera, Dave Ehnebuske, Steve Graham. Under-standing WSDL in a UDDI registry. http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-wsdl/
[29] EricChristensen等. Web Service Description Language(WSDL) W3C. 2001. 3. 15
[30] 郑辉,李冠一,涂奉生.使用传统应用构建Web Service的方法.计算机工程,2004(7):88～89
[31] Ramesh Nagappan, Robert Skoczylas, Rima Patel Sriganesh著,庞太刚,陶程等译.Java Web服务开发.北京:清华大学出版社.2004,149～198
[32] UDDI SDK Version 2.0.http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/downloads/list/websrvuddi.asp
[33] 王艳峰,王峰,金键等.Web Service的资源中介——UDDI注册中心介绍.http://www.cnnic.net.cn/resource/daily, 2003. 11
[34] UDDI. org, Barbara McKee, David Ehnebuske等. UDDI Programmers API Specification Version 2.0. 8 June 2001
[35] David A. Cbappell & Tyler Jewell. Java Web Service. 北京:中国电力出版社.2003:24～25
[36] Matjaz B. Juric, Marjan Hericko. J2EE, EAI and Web Services: New Challenges for your Information Systems. Web Services Journal, May 2002: 17～19
[37] (美)Steven L.Halter,Steven J.Munroe著.许崇梅,张雪莲等译.Java技术精髓.机械工业出版社,2002:156～201
[38] 飞思科技产品研发中心.Java Web服务应用开发详解.北京:电子工业出版社.2002:71～124
[39] 肖刚.Java Web服务器应用程序设计.北京:电子工业出版社.2001.9:160～168
[40] 赵敏,王余旺,王俊,刁兴春.基于AXIS的分布式Java Web Service的应用.信息技术与信息化,2005(2):48～50
[41] Ray Lai著,周斌,刘亚萍冯艳玲等译.J2EE平台Web Services.北京电子工业出版社,2005.59～68
[42] 陈灿煌.Delphi6彻底研究.北京:中国铁道出版社.2002:389～400
[43] 正东曦,唐少华,黎绍发.XML Web服务安全技术纵览.计算机工程与应用.2004(7):38-41
[44] 沈良忠.基于Web服务的集成应用研究:[硕士学位论文].浙江工业大学学.2004:45～47