三维浮雕CAD/CAM软件系统开发研究
摘要
浮雕以其特有的艺术魅力得到了越来越多人们的青睐，浮雕艺术品的需求量出现前所未有的增长。为了适应这种需求的变化，我们必须引进先进的计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造（CAD/CAM）技术去改进浮雕传统的制作加工方法。
本文介绍了一个基于AUTOCAD 2000平台的应用软件系统——三维浮雕CAD/CAM软件系统。该系统是用ObjectARX 2000开发的，因为它提供了面向对象的C++编程接口，而且相应的程序具有更高的执行效率。
正如将在后续章节中所讲述的那样，我们在系统中采用了许多先进的技术，其中主要包括以下几点：采用分层设计思想，使三维物体的设计得到了简化；采用先进的实体造型方法，使所建立的实体真实感强；实现了内点自动查找、多边形方向自动定义等算法，提高了系统的自动化水平；实现了刀具轨迹的自动生成、优化；实现了数控代码的自动编写，克服了手动编写的缺点；实现了数控加工仿真，能检验数控代码的正确性和合理性，并能自动检测刀具与工件之间的干涉。
这些先进的CAD/CAM技术的应用，能帮助企业以最快的速度、最好的质量、最低的成本、最优的服务来适应瞬息万变的市场需求，使企业在当今高效率、高质量、高技术的市场竞争中占据有利地位，从而在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。
More and more people come to like the relief sculpture due to its peculiar artistic glamour. So the demand of the relief sculpture artwork has greatly increased. To make suitable to this change, what we can do is to introduce the advanced CAD/CAM technology to improve the traditional manufacturing process of the relief sculpture.
This paper introduces an ObjectARX application - 3D relief sculpture CAD/CAM software system, which works inside AutoCAD 2000. We select ObjectARX 2000 as our major development tool, as it provides an object-oriented C++ application programming interface and helps us develop fast, efficient, compact applications.
As will be discussed in the next chapter, we have taken many advanced technologies to solve various problems of our task. Some major technologies are as follows:
?To simplify the design of 3D object, we adopt layer-based design thought throughout this system.
?To make the solid have realistic surface, we adopt advanced solid modeling method -Constructive Solid Geometry.
?To free end-user from overwork, we presents and realizes many auto-processing algorithms, such as searching of inner-point, definition of polygon's counter-clockwise direction, as well as generation of numeric control codes.
?To checkout the collision and interference between cutter and part, we accomplish numeric control machining simulation, which can help end-user validate the correctness and rationality of numeric control codes, so it is needless that do repetitive test-cut before normal manufacture.
Due to the exertion of these advanced CAD/CAM's technologies, the enterprises are able to meet needs of the variable market requirements with the quickest speed, the best quality, the lowest cost, the most excellent service. So the enterprise can take up the advantageous position in the high-efficiency, high-quality and high-technology market competition.
本文介绍了一个基于AUTOCAD 2000平台的应用软件系统——三维浮雕CAD/CAM软件系统。该系统是用ObjectARX 2000开发的，因为它提供了面向对象的C++编程接口，而且相应的程序具有更高的执行效率。
正如将在后续章节中所讲述的那样，我们在系统中采用了许多先进的技术，其中主要包括以下几点：采用分层设计思想，使三维物体的设计得到了简化；采用先进的实体造型方法，使所建立的实体真实感强；实现了内点自动查找、多边形方向自动定义等算法，提高了系统的自动化水平；实现了刀具轨迹的自动生成、优化；实现了数控代码的自动编写，克服了手动编写的缺点；实现了数控加工仿真，能检验数控代码的正确性和合理性，并能自动检测刀具与工件之间的干涉。
这些先进的CAD/CAM技术的应用，能帮助企业以最快的速度、最好的质量、最低的成本、最优的服务来适应瞬息万变的市场需求，使企业在当今高效率、高质量、高技术的市场竞争中占据有利地位，从而在激烈的市场竞争中立于不败之地。
More and more people come to like the relief sculpture due to its peculiar artistic glamour. So the demand of the relief sculpture artwork has greatly increased. To make suitable to this change, what we can do is to introduce the advanced CAD/CAM technology to improve the traditional manufacturing process of the relief sculpture.
This paper introduces an ObjectARX application - 3D relief sculpture CAD/CAM software system, which works inside AutoCAD 2000. We select ObjectARX 2000 as our major development tool, as it provides an object-oriented C++ application programming interface and helps us develop fast, efficient, compact applications.
As will be discussed in the next chapter, we have taken many advanced technologies to solve various problems of our task. Some major technologies are as follows:
?To simplify the design of 3D object, we adopt layer-based design thought throughout this system.
?To make the solid have realistic surface, we adopt advanced solid modeling method -Constructive Solid Geometry.
?To free end-user from overwork, we presents and realizes many auto-processing algorithms, such as searching of inner-point, definition of polygon's counter-clockwise direction, as well as generation of numeric control codes.
?To checkout the collision and interference between cutter and part, we accomplish numeric control machining simulation, which can help end-user validate the correctness and rationality of numeric control codes, so it is needless that do repetitive test-cut before normal manufacture.
Due to the exertion of these advanced CAD/CAM's technologies, the enterprises are able to meet needs of the variable market requirements with the quickest speed, the best quality, the lowest cost, the most excellent service. So the enterprise can take up the advantageous position in the high-efficiency, high-quality and high-technology market competition.
引文
[01] 周济，周艳红.数控加工技术.北京：国防工业出版社，2002.1
[02] 焦振学.微机数控技术.北京：北京理工大学出版社，2000.11
[03] 潘云鹤.计算机图形学——原理、方法及应用.北京：高等教育出版社，2001.1
[04] 宋延杭，王宜凯，廖强.AutoCAD 2000精读教程.北京：人民邮电出版社，1999.11
[05] 刘文剑，常伟，金天国，柏合民.CAD/CAM集成技术.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2000.12
[06] 姜光华.基于AutoCAD的数控自动编程.机车车辆工艺，2000， No.4:28～46
[07] 谢叻，周儒荣. 二维半零件的简易造型方法和数控加工刀具轨迹生成.航空制造技术，1999， No.1:15～17
[08] 谢叻，周来水，周儒荣.复杂型腔的余料加工方法.东南大学学报，1999，Vol.29，No.3:63～67
[09] 邵俊昌，李旭东.AutoCAD ObjectARX 2000 开发技术指南.北京：电子工业出版社，2000
[10] 戴同.CAD/CAPP/CAM基本教程.北京：机械工业出版社，1997
[11] 蔡颖等.CAD/CAM原理及应用.北京：机械工业出版社，1998
[12] K.T.Lim，H.El-Mounayri.CAD/CAM-based geometric modeling simulation for virtual manufacturing.Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing & Coil Winding Conference, 1999. Proceedings , 1999.547～551
[13] Kwan S.Kwok，Cliff S.Loucks,Brian J.Driessen. Automatic tool path generation for finish machining.1997 IEEE International Conference on ,1997. Vol 2 ,1229～1234
[02] 焦振学.微机数控技术.北京：北京理工大学出版社，2000.11
[03] 潘云鹤.计算机图形学——原理、方法及应用.北京：高等教育出版社，2001.1
[04] 宋延杭，王宜凯，廖强.AutoCAD 2000精读教程.北京：人民邮电出版社，1999.11
[05] 刘文剑，常伟，金天国，柏合民.CAD/CAM集成技术.哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社，2000.12
[06] 姜光华.基于AutoCAD的数控自动编程.机车车辆工艺，2000， No.4:28～46
[07] 谢叻，周儒荣. 二维半零件的简易造型方法和数控加工刀具轨迹生成.航空制造技术，1999， No.1:15～17
[08] 谢叻，周来水，周儒荣.复杂型腔的余料加工方法.东南大学学报，1999，Vol.29，No.3:63～67
[09] 邵俊昌，李旭东.AutoCAD ObjectARX 2000 开发技术指南.北京：电子工业出版社，2000
[10] 戴同.CAD/CAPP/CAM基本教程.北京：机械工业出版社，1997
[11] 蔡颖等.CAD/CAM原理及应用.北京：机械工业出版社，1998
[12] K.T.Lim，H.El-Mounayri.CAD/CAM-based geometric modeling simulation for virtual manufacturing.Electrical Insulation Conference and Electrical Manufacturing & Coil Winding Conference, 1999. Proceedings , 1999.547～551
[13] Kwan S.Kwok，Cliff S.Loucks,Brian J.Driessen. Automatic tool path generation for finish machining.1997 IEEE International Conference on ,1997. Vol 2 ,1229～1234