钻孔信息管理和柱状图成图方法的改进研究
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摘要
钻孔柱状图是矿产勘查报告、工程地质报告中广泛使用的一种基础图件,是用各种岩性图案符号、文字等表示地层的垂向分布规律以及岩性组合特征。用钻孔柱状图分析地质环境、成矿规律、地层岩性是地质勘探工作中最直接、最重要的手段,对于工程的规划、设计、施工等具有重要意义。
传统柱状图绘制都是由地质人员通过使用钻孔信息资料手工或通过AutoCAD平台绘图,虽然近几年出现了很多基于AutoCAD和MapGIS二次开发的柱状图成图软件和插件,但大都存在缺乏规范、费时费工、数字自动化程度不高、通用情况考虑太少、数据管理弱等缺点。所以,利用计算机开发钻孔柱状图自动生成系统势在必行。
本文从生产实际应用的角度出发,概括了非金属、金属、煤矿、工程勘察钻孔柱状图类型。在分析钻孔数据资料的特点和数据需求的基础上,采用Visual C++6.0为前台开发工具,SQL Server 2000为后台数据库,并使用最流行的ADO数据库技术来进行数据库连接和访问,建立了地质钻孔数据库系统来管理钻孔柱状图的地质数据,提高了地质数据的利用率。一方面设计了钻孔柱状图数据库管理对话框,并且将钻孔柱状图分类进行管理,还可以对钻孔数据进行修改、添加、删除等操作;另一方面在地质钻孔数据库中建立了一套完整的岩性图例数据库,并且设计了图例管理器对图例进行科学有效的管理,还可以根据需要进行修改、添加,具有较强的扩展性。同时采用面向对象的程序设计方法,开发了通用钻孔柱状图自动成图软件。该系统不仅能够满足对基本图形元素的绘制功能,并能对生成的柱状图进行属性编辑、图形操作和打印出图。本文在分析钻孔资料并结合地层分布规律下,详细设计了柱状图成图规则,图形模板的绘制,并对柱状图分层、岩性描述的自动换行、动探曲线绘制算法、数据精度进行了详细的流程分析,完成了基于Windows系统下面向地质人员的柱状图绘图系统,经安徽铜陵地区的实际钻孔资料验证,系统运行稳定、成图速度快,输出结果准确,生成的图形美观、协调。
The bore histogram is basic plot in the mineral resources exploration report and the engineering geology report , which reflects stratums’vertical distribution and lithology combination with multifarious lithology pattern symbols and characters. Applying the bore histogram to analyse the geological environment, metallogenic regularity, stratums and lithology is key means .They have important meaning for project’s programming, design and construction.
The traditional methods of drawing histograms are handwork or AutoCAD drawing by geologist according to the bore information .Although in recent years there were a lot based on the secondary development of AutoCAD and MapGIS software and plug-ins of the histogram mapping ,most have some shortcomings ,such as lack of standardized , taking too much time and hard sledding ,degree of automation too low ,general considered too small ,data management too weak .So it is necessary to develop auto-generating bore histogram system with the techniques developing of computer .
The paper summarizes non-metallic, metals ,coal and engineering investigation bored column types from the practical application . Based on analyzing drilling data and data requirement, the drilling database is designed to manage geology data by Visual C + + 6.0 development tool for the front , SQL Server 2000 database for the background and the latest technology of ADO database to connect and visit database, which advances efficiency of data using . On one hand, this thesis writer had designed dialog of the bore histogram database management to manage bore histogram according to types ,it is convenient for modifying , adding and deleting ;on another hand establish a complete database of lithology symbols ,designed a dialog of symbols management and can be modified , added , according to actual needs , which has strong expansion. At the same time , the common auto-generating bore histogram software is developed with the Object-oriented programming technique. The system suffices the need of base elements drawing, also includes the histogram for attribute editing , graphics operation and printing out the map . Based on the analysis of drilling data and stratums’distribution , the mapping rules of the histogram are designed in detail, graph models are drawn, and the detailed flow analysis of stratification, the method for words’auto-newline and dynamic penetration curve, data accuracy to finish a Windows-based complete histogram mapping system for the geologist . Being validated by practical engineering geology data of Tongling(Anhui), the software system runs steadily and generates plot rapidly, the result is exact, generating histograms and profiles are slinky and concordant.
传统柱状图绘制都是由地质人员通过使用钻孔信息资料手工或通过AutoCAD平台绘图,虽然近几年出现了很多基于AutoCAD和MapGIS二次开发的柱状图成图软件和插件,但大都存在缺乏规范、费时费工、数字自动化程度不高、通用情况考虑太少、数据管理弱等缺点。所以,利用计算机开发钻孔柱状图自动生成系统势在必行。
本文从生产实际应用的角度出发,概括了非金属、金属、煤矿、工程勘察钻孔柱状图类型。在分析钻孔数据资料的特点和数据需求的基础上,采用Visual C++6.0为前台开发工具,SQL Server 2000为后台数据库,并使用最流行的ADO数据库技术来进行数据库连接和访问,建立了地质钻孔数据库系统来管理钻孔柱状图的地质数据,提高了地质数据的利用率。一方面设计了钻孔柱状图数据库管理对话框,并且将钻孔柱状图分类进行管理,还可以对钻孔数据进行修改、添加、删除等操作;另一方面在地质钻孔数据库中建立了一套完整的岩性图例数据库,并且设计了图例管理器对图例进行科学有效的管理,还可以根据需要进行修改、添加,具有较强的扩展性。同时采用面向对象的程序设计方法,开发了通用钻孔柱状图自动成图软件。该系统不仅能够满足对基本图形元素的绘制功能,并能对生成的柱状图进行属性编辑、图形操作和打印出图。本文在分析钻孔资料并结合地层分布规律下,详细设计了柱状图成图规则,图形模板的绘制,并对柱状图分层、岩性描述的自动换行、动探曲线绘制算法、数据精度进行了详细的流程分析,完成了基于Windows系统下面向地质人员的柱状图绘图系统,经安徽铜陵地区的实际钻孔资料验证,系统运行稳定、成图速度快,输出结果准确,生成的图形美观、协调。
The bore histogram is basic plot in the mineral resources exploration report and the engineering geology report , which reflects stratums’vertical distribution and lithology combination with multifarious lithology pattern symbols and characters. Applying the bore histogram to analyse the geological environment, metallogenic regularity, stratums and lithology is key means .They have important meaning for project’s programming, design and construction.
The traditional methods of drawing histograms are handwork or AutoCAD drawing by geologist according to the bore information .Although in recent years there were a lot based on the secondary development of AutoCAD and MapGIS software and plug-ins of the histogram mapping ,most have some shortcomings ,such as lack of standardized , taking too much time and hard sledding ,degree of automation too low ,general considered too small ,data management too weak .So it is necessary to develop auto-generating bore histogram system with the techniques developing of computer .
The paper summarizes non-metallic, metals ,coal and engineering investigation bored column types from the practical application . Based on analyzing drilling data and data requirement, the drilling database is designed to manage geology data by Visual C + + 6.0 development tool for the front , SQL Server 2000 database for the background and the latest technology of ADO database to connect and visit database, which advances efficiency of data using . On one hand, this thesis writer had designed dialog of the bore histogram database management to manage bore histogram according to types ,it is convenient for modifying , adding and deleting ;on another hand establish a complete database of lithology symbols ,designed a dialog of symbols management and can be modified , added , according to actual needs , which has strong expansion. At the same time , the common auto-generating bore histogram software is developed with the Object-oriented programming technique. The system suffices the need of base elements drawing, also includes the histogram for attribute editing , graphics operation and printing out the map . Based on the analysis of drilling data and stratums’distribution , the mapping rules of the histogram are designed in detail, graph models are drawn, and the detailed flow analysis of stratification, the method for words’auto-newline and dynamic penetration curve, data accuracy to finish a Windows-based complete histogram mapping system for the geologist . Being validated by practical engineering geology data of Tongling(Anhui), the software system runs steadily and generates plot rapidly, the result is exact, generating histograms and profiles are slinky and concordant.
引文
[1]赵宇,张春雷.钻孔预想柱状图的计算机自动生成.煤炭技术,2005,24(1):77-79
[2]方世明,吴冲龙,刘刚,等.地质图切剖面计算机辅助编绘系统设计与实现.煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(1):11-13
[3]郑洁红,吴名彬.工程地震钻孔柱状图的微机绘图系统.华南地震,1998,18(2):72-77
[4]方志江,曲政.通用柱状图绘图软件系统的研究.中国矿业大学学报,1999,28(1):82-85
[5]孙桂茹,马亮,赵国瑞,等.组件技术在工程及水文地质中的应用.天津大学学报,1999,32(6):765-769
[6]张良均,韦永乐.用VBA开发工程勘察CAD绘图系统.广西工学院学报,2001,12(1):56-59
[7]黄树桃,王树红,韩绍阳,等.钻孔资料管理和自动成图技术研究.铀矿地质,2004,20(1):51-55
[8]解华明,陈守余.基于MAPGIS的钻孔柱状图绘制软件的编制.物探化探计算技术,2004,26(1):85-90
[9]胡中富.应用EXCEL和MAPCAD快速生成地质钻孔柱状图.云南地质,2004,23(1):104-112
[10]张渭军,王文科,等.基于GeoMap的钻孔柱状剖面图的自动绘制.人民黄河,2005,27(6):58-62
[11]花卫华,邓伟萍.一种通用钻孔柱状图的自动生成技术.工程图学学报,2006, (4):14-18
[12]张建中.钻孔柱状图自动生成系统研究开发:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学(北京) ,2007.
[13]终贵生.面向对象技术在工程数据库应用中的研究.北方工业大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[14]袁清柯.面向对象Visual C++和Windows编程指南与实例.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1996
[15]王燕.面向对象的理论与C++实践.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[16]郑莉,傅仕星,等.C++语言程序设计,北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[17]谭浩强.C程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[18]李成.地质剖面图和柱状图的计算机自动生成技术:[硕士学位论文] .西安:西安科技大学,2003
[19]王培杰.面向对象的Windows编程技术.大连:大连理工大学出版社,1994
[20] Research Systems, Inc.Advanced Application Development with Object Graphics,1998,233-249
[21]陈建春.矢量图形系统开发与编程.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[22]侯其锋.Visual C++数据库通用模块开发与系统移植.北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[23]孙慧.数据库设计技术SQL Server.北京:北京希望电子出版社,2002
[24]王庆龙,黄毅,牛桂芝,等.地质勘探数据库的开发和应用.化工矿产地质,1996,18(3):252-256
[25]启明.Visual C++ + SQL Server数据库应用系统开发与实例.北京,人民邮电出版社,2005
[26]中国人民共和国国家标准.区域地质图图例(1:50000) .北京:国家技术监督局,1989
[27]中国人民共和国国家标准.综合工程地质图图例及色标.北京:国家技术监督局,1991
[28]王士元.C高级实用程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[29]邓小力.不整合面成图方法探讨[J].石油物探,2000,39(1):112-117
[30]钱能,C++程序设计教程[M].北京,清华大学出版社,1994
[31]南卓铜,李述训,程图栋等.工程钻探信息系统的开发与实现.地质与勘探,2002,4:78-79
[32]高祥.应用Mintec软件优化露天矿山开采规划与设计.矿冶,2000,9(2):10-14
[33]门桂珍,萨贤春,雷宝林.地质图件的数据存贮与处理.物探化探计算技术,1994,16(3):234-238
[34]陆春生.地层综合柱状图自动绘制的技术研究.长春地质学院学报, 2000,17(1):413-415
[35]陈兆田.水文地质勘察CAD系统的开发探讨.研究与探讨,1999-3
[36]黄勤,窦建伟.地质柱状岩性数据统计分析及简易柱状图的计算机打印.河北建筑科技学院学报,2000,17(1):50-52
[37]周劲辉,李晖,屠厚泽.同步显示钻孔地层柱状图技术的研究进展.探矿工程,2001(增刊):187-189
[38]赵锋,崔希民,王蕊香,等.基于ObjectARX与OLEDB的钻孔柱状图自动绘制.河北建筑科技学院学报,2002,19(4):61-64
[39]李舒瑶,刘紫婷.应用VB6.0绘制工程勘察图件的实践.黄河水利职业技术学院学,2004,16(4):17-19
[40]阿种明,李细根,王成,等.浅谈野外岩心地质编录工作,2001,17(5):314-320
[41]于瑞琴.工程地质图视软件设计.镇江高专学报,2002,15(1):112-116
[42] ESRI,ARC/INFO Data Management,GIS by ESRI 1994,1-55
[43] Sun jiaguang,Computer Graphics(3rded),Beijing,Tsinghua University Press, 2000,185-187
[44] Simon W.Houlding,Practical Geostatistic,Germany,Springer,2000,27-114
[45] Mine Design and Long Term Planning Workbook.Mintec Inc., 1998.
[46] KRUGLINSKI DJ著,王国印译,Visual C++技术内幕,北京:清华大学出版社,1994
[47] Antoinette Sprenger and Wamer G tenKate.A graphical software system to present stratigraphic information.Computer and Geosciences,1990,16(4):513-537
[2]方世明,吴冲龙,刘刚,等.地质图切剖面计算机辅助编绘系统设计与实现.煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(1):11-13
[3]郑洁红,吴名彬.工程地震钻孔柱状图的微机绘图系统.华南地震,1998,18(2):72-77
[4]方志江,曲政.通用柱状图绘图软件系统的研究.中国矿业大学学报,1999,28(1):82-85
[5]孙桂茹,马亮,赵国瑞,等.组件技术在工程及水文地质中的应用.天津大学学报,1999,32(6):765-769
[6]张良均,韦永乐.用VBA开发工程勘察CAD绘图系统.广西工学院学报,2001,12(1):56-59
[7]黄树桃,王树红,韩绍阳,等.钻孔资料管理和自动成图技术研究.铀矿地质,2004,20(1):51-55
[8]解华明,陈守余.基于MAPGIS的钻孔柱状图绘制软件的编制.物探化探计算技术,2004,26(1):85-90
[9]胡中富.应用EXCEL和MAPCAD快速生成地质钻孔柱状图.云南地质,2004,23(1):104-112
[10]张渭军,王文科,等.基于GeoMap的钻孔柱状剖面图的自动绘制.人民黄河,2005,27(6):58-62
[11]花卫华,邓伟萍.一种通用钻孔柱状图的自动生成技术.工程图学学报,2006, (4):14-18
[12]张建中.钻孔柱状图自动生成系统研究开发:[硕士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学(北京) ,2007.
[13]终贵生.面向对象技术在工程数据库应用中的研究.北方工业大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[14]袁清柯.面向对象Visual C++和Windows编程指南与实例.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1996
[15]王燕.面向对象的理论与C++实践.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[16]郑莉,傅仕星,等.C++语言程序设计,北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[17]谭浩强.C程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[18]李成.地质剖面图和柱状图的计算机自动生成技术:[硕士学位论文] .西安:西安科技大学,2003
[19]王培杰.面向对象的Windows编程技术.大连:大连理工大学出版社,1994
[20] Research Systems, Inc.Advanced Application Development with Object Graphics,1998,233-249
[21]陈建春.矢量图形系统开发与编程.北京:电子工业出版社,2004
[22]侯其锋.Visual C++数据库通用模块开发与系统移植.北京:清华大学出版社,2007
[23]孙慧.数据库设计技术SQL Server.北京:北京希望电子出版社,2002
[24]王庆龙,黄毅,牛桂芝,等.地质勘探数据库的开发和应用.化工矿产地质,1996,18(3):252-256
[25]启明.Visual C++ + SQL Server数据库应用系统开发与实例.北京,人民邮电出版社,2005
[26]中国人民共和国国家标准.区域地质图图例(1:50000) .北京:国家技术监督局,1989
[27]中国人民共和国国家标准.综合工程地质图图例及色标.北京:国家技术监督局,1991
[28]王士元.C高级实用程序设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2002
[29]邓小力.不整合面成图方法探讨[J].石油物探,2000,39(1):112-117
[30]钱能,C++程序设计教程[M].北京,清华大学出版社,1994
[31]南卓铜,李述训,程图栋等.工程钻探信息系统的开发与实现.地质与勘探,2002,4:78-79
[32]高祥.应用Mintec软件优化露天矿山开采规划与设计.矿冶,2000,9(2):10-14
[33]门桂珍,萨贤春,雷宝林.地质图件的数据存贮与处理.物探化探计算技术,1994,16(3):234-238
[34]陆春生.地层综合柱状图自动绘制的技术研究.长春地质学院学报, 2000,17(1):413-415
[35]陈兆田.水文地质勘察CAD系统的开发探讨.研究与探讨,1999-3
[36]黄勤,窦建伟.地质柱状岩性数据统计分析及简易柱状图的计算机打印.河北建筑科技学院学报,2000,17(1):50-52
[37]周劲辉,李晖,屠厚泽.同步显示钻孔地层柱状图技术的研究进展.探矿工程,2001(增刊):187-189
[38]赵锋,崔希民,王蕊香,等.基于ObjectARX与OLEDB的钻孔柱状图自动绘制.河北建筑科技学院学报,2002,19(4):61-64
[39]李舒瑶,刘紫婷.应用VB6.0绘制工程勘察图件的实践.黄河水利职业技术学院学,2004,16(4):17-19
[40]阿种明,李细根,王成,等.浅谈野外岩心地质编录工作,2001,17(5):314-320
[41]于瑞琴.工程地质图视软件设计.镇江高专学报,2002,15(1):112-116
[42] ESRI,ARC/INFO Data Management,GIS by ESRI 1994,1-55
[43] Sun jiaguang,Computer Graphics(3rded),Beijing,Tsinghua University Press, 2000,185-187
[44] Simon W.Houlding,Practical Geostatistic,Germany,Springer,2000,27-114
[45] Mine Design and Long Term Planning Workbook.Mintec Inc., 1998.
[46] KRUGLINSKI DJ著,王国印译,Visual C++技术内幕,北京:清华大学出版社,1994
[47] Antoinette Sprenger and Wamer G tenKate.A graphical software system to present stratigraphic information.Computer and Geosciences,1990,16(4):513-537