航空摄影信息管理系统
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摘要
航摄像片是摄影测量和修编地图的原始资料，它的质量对于成图精度、工作效率、经济指标以及判读的可靠性有着决定性的影响，所以在航空摄影及摄影处理的各个工序中应创造出一切条件，使得航摄像片具备良好的质量，满足摄影测量的需要。
本文结合实际生产中的作业规范、要求、经验及航空摄影的发展情况，对航空摄影的信息及信息的管理进行了较为系统的研究。
本文充分考虑各种因素对航空摄影的影响，提出了在实施航摄任务技术设计过程中，应着重注意的几个问题，并根据航空摄影的理论基础和实际生产经验，总结归纳了解决这些问题的方法和措施。结合航空摄影测量发展的方向和趋势，本文阐述了数字摄影测量技术及数字航摄仪的发展与应用，介绍了数字影像的获取方法，并对模拟影像和数字影像的特性进行了比较。新技术对航空摄影及影像处理提出了新的要求，同时也为解决新问题提供了一定的理论依据，这也是《航空摄影信息管理系统》的重要组成部分。结合GPS定位技术在航空摄影中的应用，介绍了利用GPS导航和摄影的基本方法及GPS动态定位的原理，本文利用GPS动态定位的原理，推导了确定摄影站坐标的公式，并且对实际生产中的作业方法也做了简单的介绍。
最后本文对《航空摄影信息管理系统》的的设计原理以及主要功能进行了介绍，研究了其具体的实现过程。
Aerial photograph is original resource of the photogrammetry and the revision of topography maps, image quality directly affects the precision of mapping, work efficiency, economy index and the reliability of image interpretation. So it is necessary to take some techniques to insure image quality.
Criterion,request,experience of the photogrammetry work and the development of the aerial photography are calculated, Some research work about the informations of the aerial photography and the management of these informations are studied in this paper.
All the factors affecting aerial photography are considered,and some important questions of technical design of aerial photography are put forward. And then, according to the theory of aerial photography and practical experiences, some methods and measures are summarized. In combination with the developing direction and the trend of photogrammetry, the digital photogrammetry technology and the digital camera are introduced.and some methods of acquiring digital images and different characteristics between film images and digital images are explained. All these put up new requirement to aerial photography and image processing , and also afford certain theory basis for solving these new problems. It is also the important content of the aerial photography information management system, the fundamental method of utilizing GPS for navigation and aerial photography are discussed, by the theory , we get the formulas of GPS kinetic positioning and give a brief introduction of work method in practical production.
Finally the design principle and the main functions of aerial photography information system are introduced,and the system is realized in this paper.
本文结合实际生产中的作业规范、要求、经验及航空摄影的发展情况，对航空摄影的信息及信息的管理进行了较为系统的研究。
本文充分考虑各种因素对航空摄影的影响，提出了在实施航摄任务技术设计过程中，应着重注意的几个问题，并根据航空摄影的理论基础和实际生产经验，总结归纳了解决这些问题的方法和措施。结合航空摄影测量发展的方向和趋势，本文阐述了数字摄影测量技术及数字航摄仪的发展与应用，介绍了数字影像的获取方法，并对模拟影像和数字影像的特性进行了比较。新技术对航空摄影及影像处理提出了新的要求，同时也为解决新问题提供了一定的理论依据，这也是《航空摄影信息管理系统》的重要组成部分。结合GPS定位技术在航空摄影中的应用，介绍了利用GPS导航和摄影的基本方法及GPS动态定位的原理，本文利用GPS动态定位的原理，推导了确定摄影站坐标的公式，并且对实际生产中的作业方法也做了简单的介绍。
最后本文对《航空摄影信息管理系统》的的设计原理以及主要功能进行了介绍，研究了其具体的实现过程。
Aerial photograph is original resource of the photogrammetry and the revision of topography maps, image quality directly affects the precision of mapping, work efficiency, economy index and the reliability of image interpretation. So it is necessary to take some techniques to insure image quality.
Criterion,request,experience of the photogrammetry work and the development of the aerial photography are calculated, Some research work about the informations of the aerial photography and the management of these informations are studied in this paper.
All the factors affecting aerial photography are considered,and some important questions of technical design of aerial photography are put forward. And then, according to the theory of aerial photography and practical experiences, some methods and measures are summarized. In combination with the developing direction and the trend of photogrammetry, the digital photogrammetry technology and the digital camera are introduced.and some methods of acquiring digital images and different characteristics between film images and digital images are explained. All these put up new requirement to aerial photography and image processing , and also afford certain theory basis for solving these new problems. It is also the important content of the aerial photography information management system, the fundamental method of utilizing GPS for navigation and aerial photography are discussed, by the theory , we get the formulas of GPS kinetic positioning and give a brief introduction of work method in practical production.
Finally the design principle and the main functions of aerial photography information system are introduced,and the system is realized in this paper.
引文
[1]张永生．数字摄影测量．解放军出版社，1997
[2]张永生．遥感图像信息系统．科学出版社，2000
[3]张永生，王仁礼．遥感动态监测．解放军出版社，1998
[4]钱曾波，刘静宇，肖国超．航天摄影测量．解放军出版社．1990
[5]朱述龙，张占睦．遥感图像获取与分析．科学出版社，2000
[6]俞浩清．摄影与空中摄影学．测绘出版社，1985
[7]戴勇书，张庆龄．摄影与航空摄影．解放军出版社，1989
[8]张祖勋，张剑清．数字摄影测量学．武汉测绘科技大学出版社，1996
[9]许其风 GPS 卫星导航与精密定位解放军出版社，1994
[10]徐青，吴寿虎，朱述龙，邱振戈．近代摄影测量．解放军出版社，2000
[11]朱述龙，张占睦．遥感图像获取与分析．科学出版社，2000
[12]沈邦乐．计算机图像处理．解放军出版社，1995
[13]王大平，江延川，蔡旺森．数字摄影测量学．解放军出版社，1991
[14]王之卓．摄影测量原理．测绘出版社，1979年。
[15]钱曾波，解析空中三角测量基础．测绘出版社，1980
[16]郑威．资源遥感纲要．科学出版社，1993．
[17]王之卓．摄影测量原理续编．测绘出版社，1986年
[18]李德仁．解析摄影测量学．测绘出版社，1992年。
[19]蔡俊良，陈惠萍．摄影分辨率的含义及应用．测绘科技
[20]何欣年．航空遥感CCD数字图像应用潜力分析．遥感技术与应用，1995,5，10
[21]王任享，线性阵列影像摄影测量处理．测绘科技，No．3，1996
[22]《卫星摄影定位研究》技术总结报告．1991年总参测绘研究所内部文件
[23]杨峻峰．三线阵CCD相机动态检定的研究．1998
[24]王任享，利用三线阵CCD影像恢复外方位元素．测绘科技，No．4，1996
[25]胡莘．三线阵CCD航天相机的摄影测量基础．军事测绘，No．5，1998
[26]GB／T 15661—1995 1：5000 1：10 000 1：25000 1：50000 1：100000地形图航空摄影规范
[27]GJB1287-91 1：10000 1：25000 1：50000 1：100000军用地形图航空摄影规则
[28]Donald L. Light: Film Cameras or Digital Sensors? The Challenge Ahead for Aerial Imaging. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, Vol. 62, No.3,March 1996.
[29]Karsten Jacobsen: Advantages And Disadvantages of Different Space Images For Mapping 汉诺威大学学报, P162-167
[30]Kng D.Airbome Multispectral Digital Camera and Video Sensors:A Critical Review of System Designs and Application [J].Canadian Journel of Remote Sensing, 1995,21(3).
[31]Light D L.Film Cameras or Digital Sensors? The Challenge Ahead for Aerial Imaging[J].PE&RS march. 1996.
[32]Wang Renxiang,Principle of"Profile Guided Approach(PGA)"and Image Matching. ISPRS,commission Ⅲ,1996.
[33]Wuj:"Tripe Evaluation of Stereo-pushboom scanner Data",XV, ISPRS comm. Ⅲ congress ,Riode Janeiro, 1164-1178,1984.
[34]Ebner,H.,Mueller, F.:"Processing Generalizded Modle for ombined Point Determination",IS-PRS comm.,Ⅲ symposium Rovaiemi,Finland.August,1986
[35]Konecny und J. Wu: Analytische Streifen-Aerotriangulation fuer Stereo-Dreilinienabtaster,
BUL 54 (1986) .
[36] Hofmann : Dynamische Photogrammetrie , BUL 53 (1986) .
[37] W.Kornus, M.Lehner,F.Blechinger,E.Putz: Geometric Calibration of the Stereoscopic CCD-Linescanner MOMS-2P, International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol.XXXI, Part B1 ,Vienna, 1996．
[2]张永生．遥感图像信息系统．科学出版社，2000
[3]张永生，王仁礼．遥感动态监测．解放军出版社，1998
[4]钱曾波，刘静宇，肖国超．航天摄影测量．解放军出版社．1990
[5]朱述龙，张占睦．遥感图像获取与分析．科学出版社，2000
[6]俞浩清．摄影与空中摄影学．测绘出版社，1985
[7]戴勇书，张庆龄．摄影与航空摄影．解放军出版社，1989
[8]张祖勋，张剑清．数字摄影测量学．武汉测绘科技大学出版社，1996
[9]许其风 GPS 卫星导航与精密定位解放军出版社，1994
[10]徐青，吴寿虎，朱述龙，邱振戈．近代摄影测量．解放军出版社，2000
[11]朱述龙，张占睦．遥感图像获取与分析．科学出版社，2000
[12]沈邦乐．计算机图像处理．解放军出版社，1995
[13]王大平，江延川，蔡旺森．数字摄影测量学．解放军出版社，1991
[14]王之卓．摄影测量原理．测绘出版社，1979年。
[15]钱曾波，解析空中三角测量基础．测绘出版社，1980
[16]郑威．资源遥感纲要．科学出版社，1993．
[17]王之卓．摄影测量原理续编．测绘出版社，1986年
[18]李德仁．解析摄影测量学．测绘出版社，1992年。
[19]蔡俊良，陈惠萍．摄影分辨率的含义及应用．测绘科技
[20]何欣年．航空遥感CCD数字图像应用潜力分析．遥感技术与应用，1995,5，10
[21]王任享，线性阵列影像摄影测量处理．测绘科技，No．3，1996
[22]《卫星摄影定位研究》技术总结报告．1991年总参测绘研究所内部文件
[23]杨峻峰．三线阵CCD相机动态检定的研究．1998
[24]王任享，利用三线阵CCD影像恢复外方位元素．测绘科技，No．4，1996
[25]胡莘．三线阵CCD航天相机的摄影测量基础．军事测绘，No．5，1998
[26]GB／T 15661—1995 1：5000 1：10 000 1：25000 1：50000 1：100000地形图航空摄影规范
[27]GJB1287-91 1：10000 1：25000 1：50000 1：100000军用地形图航空摄影规则
[28]Donald L. Light: Film Cameras or Digital Sensors? The Challenge Ahead for Aerial Imaging. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, Vol. 62, No.3,March 1996.
[29]Karsten Jacobsen: Advantages And Disadvantages of Different Space Images For Mapping 汉诺威大学学报, P162-167
[30]Kng D.Airbome Multispectral Digital Camera and Video Sensors:A Critical Review of System Designs and Application [J].Canadian Journel of Remote Sensing, 1995,21(3).
[31]Light D L.Film Cameras or Digital Sensors? The Challenge Ahead for Aerial Imaging[J].PE&RS march. 1996.
[32]Wang Renxiang,Principle of"Profile Guided Approach(PGA)"and Image Matching. ISPRS,commission Ⅲ,1996.
[33]Wuj:"Tripe Evaluation of Stereo-pushboom scanner Data",XV, ISPRS comm. Ⅲ congress ,Riode Janeiro, 1164-1178,1984.
[34]Ebner,H.,Mueller, F.:"Processing Generalizded Modle for ombined Point Determination",IS-PRS comm.,Ⅲ symposium Rovaiemi,Finland.August,1986
[35]Konecny und J. Wu: Analytische Streifen-Aerotriangulation fuer Stereo-Dreilinienabtaster,
BUL 54 (1986) .
[36] Hofmann : Dynamische Photogrammetrie , BUL 53 (1986) .
[37] W.Kornus, M.Lehner,F.Blechinger,E.Putz: Geometric Calibration of the Stereoscopic CCD-Linescanner MOMS-2P, International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol.XXXI, Part B1 ,Vienna, 1996．