新型架桥机设计开发
摘要
随着我国既有铁路的全面提速和新建铁路高速重载的要求,既有小吨位桥梁铺架设备已不能满足铁路架设的施工要求。为适应客货共线(时速200公里)铁路简支T型桥梁的架设需要,设计开发新型的铁路架桥机十分迫切。本文正是基于铁路跨越式发展对铺架设备的要求,展开对新型架桥机的研究,具有现实意义和工程实用价值。
结合国内外架桥机的现状和发展趋势,在国内现有架桥机的基础上,新型架桥机继承DJK140和DJK160型架桥机车辆设计思路和基本方案,并根据高速重载铁路桥梁铺架的工作要求,在既有架桥机方案的基础上进行改进和优化。主要改进有加大车辆尺寸;采用带交叉支撑装置和常接触旁承的新型提速转向架,提高车辆的运行品质;对心盘、从板座的结构进行优化设计,提高维护性;车体架采用全钢焊接框架结构以及对其他主要部件进行设计加强以满足车体强度和刚度要求;改进动力传动系统以增大车辆驱动力使新型架桥机适应长大坡道施工条件;主机及机动车辆车体不设中梁,采用中空、盖板式台面以便于发电机组和空压机等安装维护。新型架桥机能适用于重量＜=170T、长度＜=32m重载桥梁及以下2201梁、2101梁、9753梁、普通桥梁和轨排的铺架,同时在运输条件、安全系数、传动方式、操作性能等方面都得到了较大的改进和完善。
对新型架桥机主机车辆及机动车辆以80km/h联挂速度运行时的制动距离进行计算,制动距离分别为328.3m和260m,符合我国铁路技术管理规定紧急制动时距离为800m的要求。
采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对新型铁路架桥机车体、中摇枕和构架的静强度进行计算分析,结果表明车体底架结构支腿部分、底架结构局部位置不能满足强度要求,因此对原设计方案进行了改进和优化,使其满足强度要求。样机试制后进行了车体静强度试验,结果符合《铁道车体强度设计及试验鉴定规范》和TB/T 2939-1999《单臂式铁路架桥机技术条件》的要求。
对新型铁路架桥机动力学性能进行计算,结果表明稳定性、平稳性均满足要求。样机试制后进行了动力学性能试验,满足GB/T17426-1998《铁道特种车辆和轨行机械动力学性能评定及试验方法》的要求。
Following with the requirement of the overall speed-raising for Chinese existing railways and heavy-load capacity and high speed for the new-built railways, the existing bridge erecting machines with low tonnage can not satisfy the erection of railway track. In order to accommodate the erection of railway simply-supported T beam bridge which is applicable to both wagons and passenger cars at 200km/h, it is pressing to design and develop a new type of railway bridge erecting machine. This paper research the new bridge erecting machine based on the requirement of the erecting machine by the development of the China railway and this research have practical significance and engineering value.
Combination with the development trend of existing bridge erecting machine in abroad and home, and based on the existing machine in China, the new bridge erecting machine inherit the design and project of DJK140 and DJK160 bridge erecting machine, the original proposal were overall strengthen and local improved and optimized in order to satisfying the work condition. The major improvement and optimization include: expand the whole size of the vehicle; the new speed increased bogie with cross sustaining device and constant contact side bearing was used to improve the running quality of the vehicle; the structure of the center plate and coupler seat was optimized in order to improve the maintainability; the all-steel welded frame structure was used in the vehicle body and the other parts was strengthen in order to satisfy the requirement of the strength and stiffness; the driving force was strengthen by develop the power transmission system in order to suit the work condition in long descending gradient; the center sill was not used in host and auxiliary machine and the table board was equipped in order to make the installation and maintenance of generator set and air compressor convenient. The new bridge erecting machine applies to laying and erecting heavy-load bridges with weight<=170T and length <=32m, 2201, 2101 and 9753 girders, general bridges and track panes. Great improvement has been made in the aspects such as transportation condition, safety factor, transmission mode and operation performance, with the main technical properties and parameters upgraded.
The brake distance of host machine and auxiliary machine which run in 80km/h was calculated, and the brake distance are 328.3m and 260m, requires the technology policy which prescribe the brake distance must be less than 800m.
The static strength of carbody, bolster and frame of new bridge erecting machine was calculated by the software ANSYS, the results show that the outrigger part and local structure of vehicle chassis can't satisfies the require of the standard. So some structure of the origin design was proved. Static strength is made on the body after trial production of prototype machine and the results all satisfies the requirement of the standards.
The dynamic performance of the new bridge erecting machine was calculated and the result shows that the stability and sperling satisfies the requirement of the standards. Dynamic performance is made after trial production of prototype machine and the results all satisfies the requirement of the standards.
结合国内外架桥机的现状和发展趋势,在国内现有架桥机的基础上,新型架桥机继承DJK140和DJK160型架桥机车辆设计思路和基本方案,并根据高速重载铁路桥梁铺架的工作要求,在既有架桥机方案的基础上进行改进和优化。主要改进有加大车辆尺寸;采用带交叉支撑装置和常接触旁承的新型提速转向架,提高车辆的运行品质;对心盘、从板座的结构进行优化设计,提高维护性;车体架采用全钢焊接框架结构以及对其他主要部件进行设计加强以满足车体强度和刚度要求;改进动力传动系统以增大车辆驱动力使新型架桥机适应长大坡道施工条件;主机及机动车辆车体不设中梁,采用中空、盖板式台面以便于发电机组和空压机等安装维护。新型架桥机能适用于重量＜=170T、长度＜=32m重载桥梁及以下2201梁、2101梁、9753梁、普通桥梁和轨排的铺架,同时在运输条件、安全系数、传动方式、操作性能等方面都得到了较大的改进和完善。
对新型架桥机主机车辆及机动车辆以80km/h联挂速度运行时的制动距离进行计算,制动距离分别为328.3m和260m,符合我国铁路技术管理规定紧急制动时距离为800m的要求。
采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对新型铁路架桥机车体、中摇枕和构架的静强度进行计算分析,结果表明车体底架结构支腿部分、底架结构局部位置不能满足强度要求,因此对原设计方案进行了改进和优化,使其满足强度要求。样机试制后进行了车体静强度试验,结果符合《铁道车体强度设计及试验鉴定规范》和TB/T 2939-1999《单臂式铁路架桥机技术条件》的要求。
对新型铁路架桥机动力学性能进行计算,结果表明稳定性、平稳性均满足要求。样机试制后进行了动力学性能试验,满足GB/T17426-1998《铁道特种车辆和轨行机械动力学性能评定及试验方法》的要求。
Following with the requirement of the overall speed-raising for Chinese existing railways and heavy-load capacity and high speed for the new-built railways, the existing bridge erecting machines with low tonnage can not satisfy the erection of railway track. In order to accommodate the erection of railway simply-supported T beam bridge which is applicable to both wagons and passenger cars at 200km/h, it is pressing to design and develop a new type of railway bridge erecting machine. This paper research the new bridge erecting machine based on the requirement of the erecting machine by the development of the China railway and this research have practical significance and engineering value.
Combination with the development trend of existing bridge erecting machine in abroad and home, and based on the existing machine in China, the new bridge erecting machine inherit the design and project of DJK140 and DJK160 bridge erecting machine, the original proposal were overall strengthen and local improved and optimized in order to satisfying the work condition. The major improvement and optimization include: expand the whole size of the vehicle; the new speed increased bogie with cross sustaining device and constant contact side bearing was used to improve the running quality of the vehicle; the structure of the center plate and coupler seat was optimized in order to improve the maintainability; the all-steel welded frame structure was used in the vehicle body and the other parts was strengthen in order to satisfy the requirement of the strength and stiffness; the driving force was strengthen by develop the power transmission system in order to suit the work condition in long descending gradient; the center sill was not used in host and auxiliary machine and the table board was equipped in order to make the installation and maintenance of generator set and air compressor convenient. The new bridge erecting machine applies to laying and erecting heavy-load bridges with weight<=170T and length <=32m, 2201, 2101 and 9753 girders, general bridges and track panes. Great improvement has been made in the aspects such as transportation condition, safety factor, transmission mode and operation performance, with the main technical properties and parameters upgraded.
The brake distance of host machine and auxiliary machine which run in 80km/h was calculated, and the brake distance are 328.3m and 260m, requires the technology policy which prescribe the brake distance must be less than 800m.
The static strength of carbody, bolster and frame of new bridge erecting machine was calculated by the software ANSYS, the results show that the outrigger part and local structure of vehicle chassis can't satisfies the require of the standard. So some structure of the origin design was proved. Static strength is made on the body after trial production of prototype machine and the results all satisfies the requirement of the standards.
The dynamic performance of the new bridge erecting machine was calculated and the result shows that the stability and sperling satisfies the requirement of the standards. Dynamic performance is made after trial production of prototype machine and the results all satisfies the requirement of the standards.
引文
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[2]高亚文,高醒东.胜利型架桥机转向设备的研制.铁道建筑,2003,(08)
[3]成都铁路局基建工程分局.红旗130架桥机.铁道建筑,1975,(04)
[4]广州铁路局第一工程大队.燎原型架桥机简介.铁道建筑,1974,(01)
[5]姜福香,王玉田.小半径曲线梁的临时架桥机架设方法.青岛建筑工程学院学报,2001(01)
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[7]刘挺,戴胜勇.简支组装T梁应用于客运专线铁路的探讨.铁道标准设计,2009,(01)
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[14]李立东,杨爱国.转K6型转向架的研制.铁道车辆,2005,(10)
[15]陈大名,张泽伟.铁路货车新技术.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[16]周光德,袁有车.准高速机车JZ-7型电空制动机的研究.铁道车辆,1996,(09)
[17]饶忠.列车制动.北京:中国铁道出版社,2001
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[20]王光欣,张智营.广珠城际JQ450型架桥机总体设计及有限元分析.工程机械,2008,(11)
[21]邢海军,张帆,张建超,王金祥.架桥机金属结构有限元分析.建筑机械,2006,(07)
[22]王东,蒲小琼.基于SolidWorks的机械零件参数化设计.机械制造与自动化,2004,(05)
[23]王福天.车辆系统动力学.北京:中国铁道出版社,1994
[24]严隽耄,傅茂海.车辆工程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2008
[25]西南交通大学起重运输机械教研室.龙门起重机.北京:人民铁道出版社,1988
[26]张质文,虞和谦,王金诺,包起帆.起重机设计手册.北京:中国铁道出版社,1998
[27]王文斌.机械设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[28]Chen Hao.Design and Research of Class 900 t Railway Box-girder Bridge Erecting Machine.Engineering Sciences,2004,2(1)
[29]潘耀忠.拼装式双梁架桥机的结构特点与应用.石家庄铁道学院学报,1996,9(1)
[30]丁智.基于有限单元法的架桥机关键技术研究.长安大学硕士学位论文,2004
[31]梁建明,张长荣.应用ANSYS7.0软件及有限元法优化架桥机主梁.起重运输机械,2005,(12)
[32]宋大炜,杨永清.JQ900架桥机局部应力的有限元分析.四川建筑,2004,(06)
[33]郑锦.简支梁的架设与架桥机的选配.中国建设信息处理,2001,(10)
[34]王文斌.机械设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[35]尹山.JQ900C型箱梁架桥机研制.成都:西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[36]焦宏涛.基于ANSYS的900t级高速铁路架桥机主结构设计研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[37]徐大鹏.JHl25车架结构分析.重庆大学硕士学位论文,2002
[38]李自光.桥梁施工成套机械设备.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[39]杨明慧,张红星.JQ130铁路架桥机机臂结构有限元分析,建筑机械技术与管理,1999,(01)
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[50]GB/T5600铁道货车通用技术条件
[51]TB/T1883货车两轴转向架通用技术条件
[52]TB/T1335-1996铁道车辆强度设计及试验鉴定规范
[53]GB/T 5599-1985铁道车辆动力学性能评定和试验鉴定规范
[54]GB/T17426-1998《铁道特种车辆和轨行机械动力学性能评定及试验方法》
[55]TB/T2939-1999单臂式铁路架桥机技术条件
[2]高亚文,高醒东.胜利型架桥机转向设备的研制.铁道建筑,2003,(08)
[3]成都铁路局基建工程分局.红旗130架桥机.铁道建筑,1975,(04)
[4]广州铁路局第一工程大队.燎原型架桥机简介.铁道建筑,1974,(01)
[5]姜福香,王玉田.小半径曲线梁的临时架桥机架设方法.青岛建筑工程学院学报,2001(01)
[6]孙吉堂,薛普.简易架桥机的改装设计和施工应用.铁道建筑,1999,(07)
[7]刘挺,戴胜勇.简支组装T梁应用于客运专线铁路的探讨.铁道标准设计,2009,(01)
[8]丁凤铁.JQ130型架桥机机动平车.铁道车辆,1994,(05)
[9]李德忠.DJK140型架桥机结构特点.铁道标准设计,2000,(09)
[10]魏学伟.DJ50/160步履型单导梁公路架桥机.工程机械与维修,2003,(06)
[11]黄耀怡.DJK140新型架桥机结构设计与试验.建筑机械,1997,(11)
[12]鲍维千.内燃机车总体及走形部.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[13]黄元琳.铺架机用旁承承载五轴转向架.铁道车辆,1994,(05)
[14]李立东,杨爱国.转K6型转向架的研制.铁道车辆,2005,(10)
[15]陈大名,张泽伟.铁路货车新技术.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004
[16]周光德,袁有车.准高速机车JZ-7型电空制动机的研究.铁道车辆,1996,(09)
[17]饶忠.列车制动.北京:中国铁道出版社,2001
[18]米彩盈.铁道机车车辆结构强度.成都:西南交通大学出版社,2007
[19]胡亚群,谭加才,覃波.大型架桥机的有限元结构分析.湖南工程学院学报(自然科学版),2008,(01)
[20]王光欣,张智营.广珠城际JQ450型架桥机总体设计及有限元分析.工程机械,2008,(11)
[21]邢海军,张帆,张建超,王金祥.架桥机金属结构有限元分析.建筑机械,2006,(07)
[22]王东,蒲小琼.基于SolidWorks的机械零件参数化设计.机械制造与自动化,2004,(05)
[23]王福天.车辆系统动力学.北京:中国铁道出版社,1994
[24]严隽耄,傅茂海.车辆工程.北京:中国铁道出版社,2008
[25]西南交通大学起重运输机械教研室.龙门起重机.北京:人民铁道出版社,1988
[26]张质文,虞和谦,王金诺,包起帆.起重机设计手册.北京:中国铁道出版社,1998
[27]王文斌.机械设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[28]Chen Hao.Design and Research of Class 900 t Railway Box-girder Bridge Erecting Machine.Engineering Sciences,2004,2(1)
[29]潘耀忠.拼装式双梁架桥机的结构特点与应用.石家庄铁道学院学报,1996,9(1)
[30]丁智.基于有限单元法的架桥机关键技术研究.长安大学硕士学位论文,2004
[31]梁建明,张长荣.应用ANSYS7.0软件及有限元法优化架桥机主梁.起重运输机械,2005,(12)
[32]宋大炜,杨永清.JQ900架桥机局部应力的有限元分析.四川建筑,2004,(06)
[33]郑锦.简支梁的架设与架桥机的选配.中国建设信息处理,2001,(10)
[34]王文斌.机械设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社,2004
[35]尹山.JQ900C型箱梁架桥机研制.成都:西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[36]焦宏涛.基于ANSYS的900t级高速铁路架桥机主结构设计研究.西南交通大学硕士学位论文,2006
[37]徐大鹏.JHl25车架结构分析.重庆大学硕士学位论文,2002
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