维克多·帕帕奈克及其设计理论研究
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摘要
维克多·帕帕奈克是活跃于美国战后的著名的设计师、设计教育家及设计理论家。在他的富有争议性的《为现实世界而设计——人类生态和社会改变》中,他呼吁美国工业设计圈要反对商业利益导向的设计,并专注于那些被设计师所忽略的人们真实的需求。他对设计进行了另一个维度的思考。本文首先陈述帕帕奈克所处的大的社会背景以及他的教育经历,之后阐释他的“功能复合体”及“现实世界”的观念,最终建构帕帕奈克的设计师的责任框架。
Victor Papanek, the renowed designer, design educationalist, and design theorist who was actived in the Post-War America. In his controversial work Design for the Real World :Human Ecology and Social Change, He called on design professional to against the profit-oriented design., and focus on the real needs of the people who were neglected by the designers. he searched another dimension of design .In this dissertation, the author first presents an analysis of the social milieu in which this book came into existence , next comes an account of Victor Papanek's early education and experience, and then explains the "Function complex "and "real world", finally the main purpose of this dissertation is to open up to the readers the main structure of designer's responsibility.
Victor Papanek, the renowed designer, design educationalist, and design theorist who was actived in the Post-War America. In his controversial work Design for the Real World :Human Ecology and Social Change, He called on design professional to against the profit-oriented design., and focus on the real needs of the people who were neglected by the designers. he searched another dimension of design .In this dissertation, the author first presents an analysis of the social milieu in which this book came into existence , next comes an account of Victor Papanek's early education and experience, and then explains the "Function complex "and "real world", finally the main purpose of this dissertation is to open up to the readers the main structure of designer's responsibility.
引文
[1]John Heskett.Industrial Design.New York and Toronto:Oxford University Press,1980.p51
[2][美]丹尼尔·鲁斯 詹姆斯·P·沃麦克[英]丹尼尔·T·琼斯.沈希瑾等译.改变世界的机器.北京:商务印书 馆.1999年11月,第11页
[1]同上。根据32-43整理
[1][美]杰弗里·L·梅柯.工业设计在美国的形成.马觉民译,徐恒醇校.见:技术美学与工业设计.丛刊一.天津:南开大学出版社.1986.第261页.
[2]转引自Nigel Whiteley.Reyner Banham-Historian of the Immediate Future The MIT Press.2002.p109
[3]斯蒂芬·贝利,菲利普·加纳.20世纪风格与设计.罗筠筠译,成都:四川人民出版社,2000,第241-242页
[4]Nigel Whiteley.Toward a Throw-Away Culture.Consumerism,'Style Obsolescence 'and Cultural Theory in the 1950s and 1960s.Oxford Art Journal,Vol.10,No.2,The 60s.(1987),p3-27(5)
[1]同上。
[2]王受之.世界现代设计史北京:中国青年出版社.2002.第215页
[3]这个概念首先是由美国的加尔布雷思在《丰裕社会》中提出来的。[美].加尔布雷思.丰裕社会.徐世平译.上海:上海人民出版社.1965.5
[4][美]托马斯·弗兰克.酷的征服-商业文化、反主流文化与嬉皮消费主义的兴起.朱珊,胡传胜,孙东译.江苏:南京大学出版社,2007、10,第61页
[5][法]消费社会波德里亚 全志钢/刘成富译南京大学出版社2001.5,第66页
[6]同上
[1]转引自[法]马克·第亚尼 编著,非物质社会——后工业世界的设计、文化与技术,滕守尧译,成都:四川出版集团,1998-3,第62页
[2][法]马克·第亚尼 编著,非物质社会——后工业世界的设计、文化与技术,滕守尧译,成都:四川出版集团,1998.3,第63页
[3]Grinyer,Clive.Smart Design Products that change our lives.Switzerland:Roto Vision,2001.p58
[1]Nigel Whiteley.Toward a Throw-Away Culture.Consumerism,'Style Obsolescence "and Cultural Theory in the 1950s and 1960s.Oxford Art Journal,Vol.10,No.2,The 60s.(1987),p3-27(9)
[2]关于生态设计中的英文文本的整体综合性评述可参见:Pauline Madge.Design,Ecology,Technology:A Historiographical Review.Journal of Design History.Vol.6 No.3 The Design History Society.pp 149-166
[3]本文在多次引用维克多·帕帕奈克的《为现实世界面设计》书中的内容,该书分为1973年和1984年两个版本,为了便于区分,统一用这种形式标注,即首先表明版本,其次表明页码。
[1]Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992 p9
[2][美]马尔库塞.单向度的人:发达工业社会意识形态研究.张峰译.重庆人民出版社1989年版第218页
[1]Al Gowan.Design's gadfly.May/Jun98,Vol.52 Issue 3,p32,4p,9c
[1]根据如下资料整理:Mel Byars.2004.The Design Encyclopedia.Foreword by Terence Riley.The Museum of Modern Art.Laurence King Publishing,London.The Museum of Modern Art,New York.P555.Guy Juliet.The Thames and Hudson Encyclopaedia of 20th Century Design and Designers.London:Thames and Hudson.p149-150Contemporary Designers,3rd ed.St.James Press,1997.Reproduced in Biography Resource Center.Farmington Hills,Mich.:Thomson Gale.2007.Boman.,John Editor,Cambridge Dictionary of American Biography.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1995
[2]Al Gowan.Design's gadfly.May/Jun98,Vol.52 Issue 3,p32,4p,9c
[1]Victor Papanek.The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture.Thames & Hudson,1995,p16
[2]同上
[3]Ralph Caplan.Victor Papanek,1925-1998,An Alternative View.Mar/Apr 1998;45,2;Academic Reserch Library.p34.
[4]Leslie Speer是圣何塞州立大学的助理教授,也是IDSA之成员,提出“Design for the Majority”的观点,在与她通信的过程当中,她最初提到:Victor Papanek died a few years ago.He is not honored by IDSA.Strange how those sorts of things turn out.(2007-12-5)
[5]第三封信中她又纠正了前面的看法:Actually,I just saw a typo in my email.It should have said "he is NOW honored by IDSA".(2007-12-7)
[1]王卡点校.老子道德经河上公章句,北京:中华书局,1993(2006重印)第四十二页。故有之以为利,无之以为用:利,物也,利于形用。器中有物,室中有人,恐其屋破坏;腹中有神,畏其行消亡。言虚空者乃可盛受万物,故曰虚无能制有形。道者空也。
[2]王鸿佯.重新阅读维克特·帕波内克.城市与设计学报2000年3月.第317页。
[3]John Heskett.Industrial Design.New York and Toronto:Oxford University Press.1980.p62
[4]叶朗.现代美学体系.北京:北京大学出版社.1991.1,第347页
[1][英国]弗兰克·惠特福德:《包豪斯》,林鹤译,北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2001年,第223页。
[2]Victor Papanek.The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture.Thames &Hudson,1995.p 140
[3][同]佐口七朗.设计概论.李新富,林磐耸,陈美芳审订.台北:艺风堂出版社编辑部.中华民国七十九年五月出版,第10页
[1]戴吾三编著.考工记图说.济南:山东画报出版社,2003,1第17页
[1]Victor Papanek.The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture,Thames &Hudson,1995.p34
[2]章利国.设计:生活母体和功能复合体.设计艺术.2007年第8页
[1]George H.Marcus,What Is Design Today? New York:Harry N.Abrams,Inc.,2002,p9
[2]章利国.设计社会学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2005.5
[1]Edward Lucie-Smith,Bictionary of Art Team,London:Thames & Hudson New Edition 2003British Library,p97.
[1][美]马尔库塞.单向度的人:发达工业社会意识形态研究.张峰译.重庆人民出版社1989年版 第6页
[2]Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992 p8
[1]章利国.设计社会学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2005.5第213页
[2]Arthur J.Pulos,The American Design Adventure 1940-1975.Massachusetts Institute of Technology,1988
[1][英]彼得·多默.1945年以来的设计.梁梅译.成都:四川人民出版社.1998。第6页
[2]Lucie-Smith,Edward.A History of Industrial Design.Oxford:Phaidon Press Limited,1983 p113.
[3]彭妮·斯帕克.设计百年——20世纪现代设计的先驱.李信、黄艳、吕莲、于娜译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社2005、8.第136页
[1]Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992
[2]William MaDonough & Michael Braungan.Cradle to Cradle-Remaking the Way We Make Things.New York:North Point Press2002.p19
[3]黄厚石,孙海燕.设计原理.南京:东南大学出版社,2005.8.第179页美国环境毒理和化学学会(The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry)将其定义为“考察一个产品从摇篮到坟墓的生命周期相联系的环境后果。”国际标准化组织(The International Organization for Standardization,ISO)的定义“生命周期分析是对一个产品系统的生命周期的输入、输出及潜在环境影响的综合评价”
[4]Victor Papanek.Design for Human Scale.New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.1983,p68
[1]转引自德尼·于斯曼.工业美学及其在法国的影响.译文载《技术美学与工业设计》第一辑,第326页
[1]John Heskett.Industrial Design.New York and Toronto:Oxford University Press.1980 p206
[2]同上
[3]H.Alpay Er.Development Pattens of Industrial Design in the Third World:A Conceptual Model for Newly Industrialized Countries.Journal of Design History,Vol.10.No3.(1997),pp.293-309(295)
[4]Nicola Morelli.Social Innovation and New Industrial Contexts:Can Designers "Industrialize" Socially Responsible Solutions? Design Issues:Volume23,Number 4 Autumn 2007
[1]王受之.世界现代设计史.北京:中国青年出版社.2002第223页
[1]Design Secrects:Products.50 Real-life Projects Uncovered.)IDSA& Rockport Publishers,2001,p148
[2]同上
1、李亮子.世界工业设计史潮.中国轻工业出版社.2001
2、尹定邦.设计学概论.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2001
3、王受之.世界现代设计史.北京:中国青年出版社.2002
4、朱铭,奚传溪.设计艺术教育大事典.济南:山东教育出版社.2000
5、董占军.西方现代设计艺术史.济南:山东教育出版社.2002
6、董占军编译.外国设计艺术文献选编.济南:山东教育出版社.2002
7、朱铭,荆雷.设计史.济南:山东美术出版社.2004
8、黄厚石,孙海燕.设计原理.南京:东南大学出版社,2005
9、叶朗.现代美学体系.北京:北京大学出版社.1991
10、章利国.设计社会学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2005
11、章利国.现代设计美学.郑州:河南美术出版社.2005
12、王卡点校.老子道德经河上公章句,北京:中华书局,1993(2006重印)
13、戴吾三编著.考工记图说.济南:山东画报出版社,2003
14、技术美学与工业设计丛刊.丛刊编委会.天津:南开大学出版社.1986
15、郑也大.后物欲时代的来临上海:上海人民出版社,2006
16、[美]凡勃伦.有闲阶级论.蔡受百译.北京:商务印书馆.2005
17、[美]斯蒂芬·贝利,菲利普·加纳.20世纪风格与设计.罗筠筠译,成都:四川人民出版社.2000
18、[美]丹尼尔·鲁斯詹姆斯·P·沃麦克[英]丹尼尔·T·琼斯.沈希瑾等译.改变世界的机器.北京:商务印书馆.1999
19、[美]托马斯·弗兰克.酷的征服一商业文化、反主流文化与嬉皮消费主义的兴起.朱珊,胡传胜,孙东译.江苏:南京大学出版社,2007
20、[美]戴斯·贾丁斯.环境伦理学.林官民、杨爱民译,北京:北京大学出版社.2002
21、[美]加尔布雷思.丰裕社会.徐世平译.上海:上海人民出版社.1965.5
22、[美]诺曼.好用型设计.梅琼译,北京:中信出版社.2007
23、[美]诺曼.情感化设计.付秋芳,程进三译,北京:电子工业出版社,2005
24、[美]戴维·纪森编著.大且绿—走向21世纪的可持续性建筑.林耕,刘宪, 姚小琴翻译.林耕主审.天津:天津科技翻译出版社.2005
25、[美]马尔库塞.单向度的人:发达工业社会意识形态研究.张峰译.重庆人民出版社.1989
26、[美]希夫曼,卡纽克.消费者行为学(第七版)——当代心理科学名著译丛.俞文钊译上海:华东师范大学出版社.2002
27、[德]莫里茨·石里克.伦理学问题.商务印书馆.1997.
28、[韩]李御宁.日本人的缩小意识.张乃丽译,济南:山东人民出版社2003
29、[法]消费社会波德里亚 全志钢/刘成富译 南京大学出版社2001
30、[法]马克·第亚尼编著,非物质社会——后工业世界的设计、文化与技术.滕守尧译,成都:四川出版集团.1998
31、[英]彼得·多默.1945年以来的设计.梁梅译.成都:四川人民版社.1998.
32、[英]弗兰克·惠特福德.包豪斯.林鹤译.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店.2001
33、[英]艾伦·鲍尔斯著,自然设计.王立非,刘民,王艳译.南京:江苏美术出版社.2001
34、[英]彭妮·斯帕克.设计百年——20世纪现代设计的先驱.李信等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2005
35、[英]彭妮·斯帕克.20世纪汽车设计的先驱.郭志锋译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2005
36、[日]佐口七朗.设计概论.李新富,林磐耸,陈美芳审订.台北:艺风堂出版社编辑部.1990年5月出版
37、王鸿祥.重新阅读维克特·帕波内克.城市与设计学报.2000年3月
1、 Papanek, Victor. Design for the Real World : Human Ecology and Social Change.(with an introduction by R. Buckminster Fuller). New York: Pantheon Books. 1973
2、 Papanek, Wictor.Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change. (Second Edition Completely Revised), London: Thames & Hudson. 1984. Reprinted 2004
3、 Papanek, Victor. Design for Human Scale. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. 1983
4、 Papanek, Victor. The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture. Thames &Hudson, 1995
5、 Heskett John. Industrial Design . New York and Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1980
6、 Lucie-Smith, Edward. A History of Industrial Design. Oxford: Phaidon Press Limited, 1983
6、 David Raizman and Laurence Pu King. History of Modern Design.. London: Laurence King Publishing. 2004
7、 Arthur J .Pulos, The American Design Adventure 1940-1975.Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988
8、 William McDonough , Michael Braungart. Cradle to cradle: remaking the way we make things . New York: North Point Press.2002
9、 John, A. Walker. Design History and History of Design.. London : Pluto Press. 1989
10、 Grinyer, Clive. Smart Design Products that change our lives. Switzerland: RotoVision ,2001.
11、 Jean Dubuffet. Beauty is Nowhere: Ethical Issues in Art and Design (Critical Voices in Art, Theory and Culture). G+B ART .1998
12、 Grant McCracken. Culture and Consumption. New Approaches to the Symbolic Character of the Consumer Goods and Activities. Indiana University Press. 1988 (Chapter 5.p71-89.Meaning Manufacture and Movement in the World of Goods)
13、Grant McCracken.Culture and Consumption Ⅱ-Markets,Meaning,and Brand Management.Indiana University Press.2005.(Chapter 6.p53-94 When Car Could Fly)
14、Spark,Penny.Design and Culture-1900 to the Present.(Second Edition)London and New York:Routledge,Inc.1986
15、Nigel Whiteley.Reyner Banham-Historian of the Immediate Future.Cambridge:The MIT Press.1991(chapter 3,p82-138.Popular Desires and Rough Poetry)
16、Julier,Guy.The Thames and Hudson Encyclopaedia of 2Oth Century Design and Designers.London:Thames and Hudson.
17、Byars,Mel.2004.The Design Encyclopedia.Foreword by Terence Riley.The Museum of Modern Art.Laurence King Publishing,London:The Museum of Modern Art,New York.
18、Boman.,John Editor,Cambridge Dictionary of American Biography.England:Cambridge University Press.1995
19、Contemporary Designers,3rd ed.Detroit:St.James Press,1997._Reproduced in Biography Resource Center.Farmington Hills,Mich.:Thomson Gale.2007.
20、Nigel Whiteley.Toward a Throw-Away Culture.Consumerism,'Style Obsolescence' and Cultural Theory in the 1950s and 1960s.Oxford Art Journal,Vol.10,No.2,The 60s.(1987),p3-27
21、Nicola Morelli.Social Innovation and New Industrial Contexts:Can Designers "Industrialize" Socially Responsible Solutions? Design Issues:Volume23,Number 4Autumn 2007
22、Ian Abley and James Heartfield,Sustaining Architecture in the Anti-Machine Age,Wiley-Academy,2001(Chapterl,Paul Hyett,Ryder.If Sustainable Design isn't a Moral Imperative,What is? p22-31)
23、Papanek,Victor.The Future Isn't What It Used to Be.Design Issues,Vol.5,No.1(Autumn,1988),pp.4-17
24、Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992
25、 Ralph Caplan. Victor Papanek, 1925-1998, An Alternative View . Mar/Apr 1998;45,2; Academic Reserch Library . p34
26、 Al Gowan. Design s gadfly. May/Jun98, Vol.52 Issue 3 , p32,4p, 9c
27、 Victor Margolin. Design, the Future and the Human Spirt. Design Issues, Volume 23, Number 3 Summer 2007
28、 H . Alpay Er. Development Pattens of Industrial Design in the Third World: A Conceptual Model for Newly Industrialized Countries. Journal of Design History, Vol. 10,No3.(1997),pp.293-309
29、 Henry Winthrop. Toward an Extension and Revision of the Concept of Waste. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 39, No.3(Jul,1980), pp.273-287
30、 Madge,Pauline. Design, Ecology, Technology: A Historiographical Review.Journal of Design History . Vol.6 No.3 The Design History Society.pp149-166
31、 Philip Pacey. ''Anyone Design Anything?" Non-Professional Designers and The History of Design. Journal of Design History, Vol.5,No.3.(1992), pp217-225.
32、 Edward Woodhouse and Jason W. Patton. Design by Society: Science and Technology Studies and the Social Shaping of Design. Design Issue: Volume20, No 3, Summer 2004. p1-12
33、 Madge Pauline. Ecological Design: A New Critique. Design Issues, Vol. 13, No. 2, A Critical Condition: Design and Its Criticism. (Summer, 1997), pp. 44-54.
[2][美]丹尼尔·鲁斯 詹姆斯·P·沃麦克[英]丹尼尔·T·琼斯.沈希瑾等译.改变世界的机器.北京:商务印书 馆.1999年11月,第11页
[1]同上。根据32-43整理
[1][美]杰弗里·L·梅柯.工业设计在美国的形成.马觉民译,徐恒醇校.见:技术美学与工业设计.丛刊一.天津:南开大学出版社.1986.第261页.
[2]转引自Nigel Whiteley.Reyner Banham-Historian of the Immediate Future The MIT Press.2002.p109
[3]斯蒂芬·贝利,菲利普·加纳.20世纪风格与设计.罗筠筠译,成都:四川人民出版社,2000,第241-242页
[4]Nigel Whiteley.Toward a Throw-Away Culture.Consumerism,'Style Obsolescence 'and Cultural Theory in the 1950s and 1960s.Oxford Art Journal,Vol.10,No.2,The 60s.(1987),p3-27(5)
[1]同上。
[2]王受之.世界现代设计史北京:中国青年出版社.2002.第215页
[3]这个概念首先是由美国的加尔布雷思在《丰裕社会》中提出来的。[美].加尔布雷思.丰裕社会.徐世平译.上海:上海人民出版社.1965.5
[4][美]托马斯·弗兰克.酷的征服-商业文化、反主流文化与嬉皮消费主义的兴起.朱珊,胡传胜,孙东译.江苏:南京大学出版社,2007、10,第61页
[5][法]消费社会波德里亚 全志钢/刘成富译南京大学出版社2001.5,第66页
[6]同上
[1]转引自[法]马克·第亚尼 编著,非物质社会——后工业世界的设计、文化与技术,滕守尧译,成都:四川出版集团,1998-3,第62页
[2][法]马克·第亚尼 编著,非物质社会——后工业世界的设计、文化与技术,滕守尧译,成都:四川出版集团,1998.3,第63页
[3]Grinyer,Clive.Smart Design Products that change our lives.Switzerland:Roto Vision,2001.p58
[1]Nigel Whiteley.Toward a Throw-Away Culture.Consumerism,'Style Obsolescence "and Cultural Theory in the 1950s and 1960s.Oxford Art Journal,Vol.10,No.2,The 60s.(1987),p3-27(9)
[2]关于生态设计中的英文文本的整体综合性评述可参见:Pauline Madge.Design,Ecology,Technology:A Historiographical Review.Journal of Design History.Vol.6 No.3 The Design History Society.pp 149-166
[3]本文在多次引用维克多·帕帕奈克的《为现实世界面设计》书中的内容,该书分为1973年和1984年两个版本,为了便于区分,统一用这种形式标注,即首先表明版本,其次表明页码。
[1]Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992 p9
[2][美]马尔库塞.单向度的人:发达工业社会意识形态研究.张峰译.重庆人民出版社1989年版第218页
[1]Al Gowan.Design's gadfly.May/Jun98,Vol.52 Issue 3,p32,4p,9c
[1]根据如下资料整理:Mel Byars.2004.The Design Encyclopedia.Foreword by Terence Riley.The Museum of Modern Art.Laurence King Publishing,London.The Museum of Modern Art,New York.P555.Guy Juliet.The Thames and Hudson Encyclopaedia of 20th Century Design and Designers.London:Thames and Hudson.p149-150Contemporary Designers,3rd ed.St.James Press,1997.Reproduced in Biography Resource Center.Farmington Hills,Mich.:Thomson Gale.2007.Boman.,John Editor,Cambridge Dictionary of American Biography.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1995
[2]Al Gowan.Design's gadfly.May/Jun98,Vol.52 Issue 3,p32,4p,9c
[1]Victor Papanek.The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture.Thames & Hudson,1995,p16
[2]同上
[3]Ralph Caplan.Victor Papanek,1925-1998,An Alternative View.Mar/Apr 1998;45,2;Academic Reserch Library.p34.
[4]Leslie Speer是圣何塞州立大学的助理教授,也是IDSA之成员,提出“Design for the Majority”的观点,在与她通信的过程当中,她最初提到:Victor Papanek died a few years ago.He is not honored by IDSA.Strange how those sorts of things turn out.(2007-12-5)
[5]第三封信中她又纠正了前面的看法:Actually,I just saw a typo in my email.It should have said "he is NOW honored by IDSA".(2007-12-7)
[1]王卡点校.老子道德经河上公章句,北京:中华书局,1993(2006重印)第四十二页。故有之以为利,无之以为用:利,物也,利于形用。器中有物,室中有人,恐其屋破坏;腹中有神,畏其行消亡。言虚空者乃可盛受万物,故曰虚无能制有形。道者空也。
[2]王鸿佯.重新阅读维克特·帕波内克.城市与设计学报2000年3月.第317页。
[3]John Heskett.Industrial Design.New York and Toronto:Oxford University Press.1980.p62
[4]叶朗.现代美学体系.北京:北京大学出版社.1991.1,第347页
[1][英国]弗兰克·惠特福德:《包豪斯》,林鹤译,北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店,2001年,第223页。
[2]Victor Papanek.The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture.Thames &Hudson,1995.p 140
[3][同]佐口七朗.设计概论.李新富,林磐耸,陈美芳审订.台北:艺风堂出版社编辑部.中华民国七十九年五月出版,第10页
[1]戴吾三编著.考工记图说.济南:山东画报出版社,2003,1第17页
[1]Victor Papanek.The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture,Thames &Hudson,1995.p34
[2]章利国.设计:生活母体和功能复合体.设计艺术.2007年第8页
[1]George H.Marcus,What Is Design Today? New York:Harry N.Abrams,Inc.,2002,p9
[2]章利国.设计社会学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2005.5
[1]Edward Lucie-Smith,Bictionary of Art Team,London:Thames & Hudson New Edition 2003British Library,p97.
[1][美]马尔库塞.单向度的人:发达工业社会意识形态研究.张峰译.重庆人民出版社1989年版 第6页
[2]Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992 p8
[1]章利国.设计社会学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2005.5第213页
[2]Arthur J.Pulos,The American Design Adventure 1940-1975.Massachusetts Institute of Technology,1988
[1][英]彼得·多默.1945年以来的设计.梁梅译.成都:四川人民出版社.1998。第6页
[2]Lucie-Smith,Edward.A History of Industrial Design.Oxford:Phaidon Press Limited,1983 p113.
[3]彭妮·斯帕克.设计百年——20世纪现代设计的先驱.李信、黄艳、吕莲、于娜译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社2005、8.第136页
[1]Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992
[2]William MaDonough & Michael Braungan.Cradle to Cradle-Remaking the Way We Make Things.New York:North Point Press2002.p19
[3]黄厚石,孙海燕.设计原理.南京:东南大学出版社,2005.8.第179页美国环境毒理和化学学会(The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry)将其定义为“考察一个产品从摇篮到坟墓的生命周期相联系的环境后果。”国际标准化组织(The International Organization for Standardization,ISO)的定义“生命周期分析是对一个产品系统的生命周期的输入、输出及潜在环境影响的综合评价”
[4]Victor Papanek.Design for Human Scale.New York:Van Nostrand Reinhold Company.1983,p68
[1]转引自德尼·于斯曼.工业美学及其在法国的影响.译文载《技术美学与工业设计》第一辑,第326页
[1]John Heskett.Industrial Design.New York and Toronto:Oxford University Press.1980 p206
[2]同上
[3]H.Alpay Er.Development Pattens of Industrial Design in the Third World:A Conceptual Model for Newly Industrialized Countries.Journal of Design History,Vol.10.No3.(1997),pp.293-309(295)
[4]Nicola Morelli.Social Innovation and New Industrial Contexts:Can Designers "Industrialize" Socially Responsible Solutions? Design Issues:Volume23,Number 4 Autumn 2007
[1]王受之.世界现代设计史.北京:中国青年出版社.2002第223页
[1]Design Secrects:Products.50 Real-life Projects Uncovered.)IDSA& Rockport Publishers,2001,p148
[2]同上
1、李亮子.世界工业设计史潮.中国轻工业出版社.2001
2、尹定邦.设计学概论.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2001
3、王受之.世界现代设计史.北京:中国青年出版社.2002
4、朱铭,奚传溪.设计艺术教育大事典.济南:山东教育出版社.2000
5、董占军.西方现代设计艺术史.济南:山东教育出版社.2002
6、董占军编译.外国设计艺术文献选编.济南:山东教育出版社.2002
7、朱铭,荆雷.设计史.济南:山东美术出版社.2004
8、黄厚石,孙海燕.设计原理.南京:东南大学出版社,2005
9、叶朗.现代美学体系.北京:北京大学出版社.1991
10、章利国.设计社会学.长沙:湖南科学技术出版社.2005
11、章利国.现代设计美学.郑州:河南美术出版社.2005
12、王卡点校.老子道德经河上公章句,北京:中华书局,1993(2006重印)
13、戴吾三编著.考工记图说.济南:山东画报出版社,2003
14、技术美学与工业设计丛刊.丛刊编委会.天津:南开大学出版社.1986
15、郑也大.后物欲时代的来临上海:上海人民出版社,2006
16、[美]凡勃伦.有闲阶级论.蔡受百译.北京:商务印书馆.2005
17、[美]斯蒂芬·贝利,菲利普·加纳.20世纪风格与设计.罗筠筠译,成都:四川人民出版社.2000
18、[美]丹尼尔·鲁斯詹姆斯·P·沃麦克[英]丹尼尔·T·琼斯.沈希瑾等译.改变世界的机器.北京:商务印书馆.1999
19、[美]托马斯·弗兰克.酷的征服一商业文化、反主流文化与嬉皮消费主义的兴起.朱珊,胡传胜,孙东译.江苏:南京大学出版社,2007
20、[美]戴斯·贾丁斯.环境伦理学.林官民、杨爱民译,北京:北京大学出版社.2002
21、[美]加尔布雷思.丰裕社会.徐世平译.上海:上海人民出版社.1965.5
22、[美]诺曼.好用型设计.梅琼译,北京:中信出版社.2007
23、[美]诺曼.情感化设计.付秋芳,程进三译,北京:电子工业出版社,2005
24、[美]戴维·纪森编著.大且绿—走向21世纪的可持续性建筑.林耕,刘宪, 姚小琴翻译.林耕主审.天津:天津科技翻译出版社.2005
25、[美]马尔库塞.单向度的人:发达工业社会意识形态研究.张峰译.重庆人民出版社.1989
26、[美]希夫曼,卡纽克.消费者行为学(第七版)——当代心理科学名著译丛.俞文钊译上海:华东师范大学出版社.2002
27、[德]莫里茨·石里克.伦理学问题.商务印书馆.1997.
28、[韩]李御宁.日本人的缩小意识.张乃丽译,济南:山东人民出版社2003
29、[法]消费社会波德里亚 全志钢/刘成富译 南京大学出版社2001
30、[法]马克·第亚尼编著,非物质社会——后工业世界的设计、文化与技术.滕守尧译,成都:四川出版集团.1998
31、[英]彼得·多默.1945年以来的设计.梁梅译.成都:四川人民版社.1998.
32、[英]弗兰克·惠特福德.包豪斯.林鹤译.北京:生活·读书·新知三联书店.2001
33、[英]艾伦·鲍尔斯著,自然设计.王立非,刘民,王艳译.南京:江苏美术出版社.2001
34、[英]彭妮·斯帕克.设计百年——20世纪现代设计的先驱.李信等译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2005
35、[英]彭妮·斯帕克.20世纪汽车设计的先驱.郭志锋译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社.2005
36、[日]佐口七朗.设计概论.李新富,林磐耸,陈美芳审订.台北:艺风堂出版社编辑部.1990年5月出版
37、王鸿祥.重新阅读维克特·帕波内克.城市与设计学报.2000年3月
1、 Papanek, Victor. Design for the Real World : Human Ecology and Social Change.(with an introduction by R. Buckminster Fuller). New York: Pantheon Books. 1973
2、 Papanek, Wictor.Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change. (Second Edition Completely Revised), London: Thames & Hudson. 1984. Reprinted 2004
3、 Papanek, Victor. Design for Human Scale. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. 1983
4、 Papanek, Victor. The Green Imperative—Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture. Thames &Hudson, 1995
5、 Heskett John. Industrial Design . New York and Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1980
6、 Lucie-Smith, Edward. A History of Industrial Design. Oxford: Phaidon Press Limited, 1983
6、 David Raizman and Laurence Pu King. History of Modern Design.. London: Laurence King Publishing. 2004
7、 Arthur J .Pulos, The American Design Adventure 1940-1975.Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988
8、 William McDonough , Michael Braungart. Cradle to cradle: remaking the way we make things . New York: North Point Press.2002
9、 John, A. Walker. Design History and History of Design.. London : Pluto Press. 1989
10、 Grinyer, Clive. Smart Design Products that change our lives. Switzerland: RotoVision ,2001.
11、 Jean Dubuffet. Beauty is Nowhere: Ethical Issues in Art and Design (Critical Voices in Art, Theory and Culture). G+B ART .1998
12、 Grant McCracken. Culture and Consumption. New Approaches to the Symbolic Character of the Consumer Goods and Activities. Indiana University Press. 1988 (Chapter 5.p71-89.Meaning Manufacture and Movement in the World of Goods)
13、Grant McCracken.Culture and Consumption Ⅱ-Markets,Meaning,and Brand Management.Indiana University Press.2005.(Chapter 6.p53-94 When Car Could Fly)
14、Spark,Penny.Design and Culture-1900 to the Present.(Second Edition)London and New York:Routledge,Inc.1986
15、Nigel Whiteley.Reyner Banham-Historian of the Immediate Future.Cambridge:The MIT Press.1991(chapter 3,p82-138.Popular Desires and Rough Poetry)
16、Julier,Guy.The Thames and Hudson Encyclopaedia of 2Oth Century Design and Designers.London:Thames and Hudson.
17、Byars,Mel.2004.The Design Encyclopedia.Foreword by Terence Riley.The Museum of Modern Art.Laurence King Publishing,London:The Museum of Modern Art,New York.
18、Boman.,John Editor,Cambridge Dictionary of American Biography.England:Cambridge University Press.1995
19、Contemporary Designers,3rd ed.Detroit:St.James Press,1997._Reproduced in Biography Resource Center.Farmington Hills,Mich.:Thomson Gale.2007.
20、Nigel Whiteley.Toward a Throw-Away Culture.Consumerism,'Style Obsolescence' and Cultural Theory in the 1950s and 1960s.Oxford Art Journal,Vol.10,No.2,The 60s.(1987),p3-27
21、Nicola Morelli.Social Innovation and New Industrial Contexts:Can Designers "Industrialize" Socially Responsible Solutions? Design Issues:Volume23,Number 4Autumn 2007
22、Ian Abley and James Heartfield,Sustaining Architecture in the Anti-Machine Age,Wiley-Academy,2001(Chapterl,Paul Hyett,Ryder.If Sustainable Design isn't a Moral Imperative,What is? p22-31)
23、Papanek,Victor.The Future Isn't What It Used to Be.Design Issues,Vol.5,No.1(Autumn,1988),pp.4-17
24、Ezio Manzini.Prometheus of the Everyday:The Ecology of the Artificial and the Designer's Responsibility Design Issue:Vol.Ⅸ,Number 1 Fall 1992
25、 Ralph Caplan. Victor Papanek, 1925-1998, An Alternative View . Mar/Apr 1998;45,2; Academic Reserch Library . p34
26、 Al Gowan. Design s gadfly. May/Jun98, Vol.52 Issue 3 , p32,4p, 9c
27、 Victor Margolin. Design, the Future and the Human Spirt. Design Issues, Volume 23, Number 3 Summer 2007
28、 H . Alpay Er. Development Pattens of Industrial Design in the Third World: A Conceptual Model for Newly Industrialized Countries. Journal of Design History, Vol. 10,No3.(1997),pp.293-309
29、 Henry Winthrop. Toward an Extension and Revision of the Concept of Waste. American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 39, No.3(Jul,1980), pp.273-287
30、 Madge,Pauline. Design, Ecology, Technology: A Historiographical Review.Journal of Design History . Vol.6 No.3 The Design History Society.pp149-166
31、 Philip Pacey. ''Anyone Design Anything?" Non-Professional Designers and The History of Design. Journal of Design History, Vol.5,No.3.(1992), pp217-225.
32、 Edward Woodhouse and Jason W. Patton. Design by Society: Science and Technology Studies and the Social Shaping of Design. Design Issue: Volume20, No 3, Summer 2004. p1-12
33、 Madge Pauline. Ecological Design: A New Critique. Design Issues, Vol. 13, No. 2, A Critical Condition: Design and Its Criticism. (Summer, 1997), pp. 44-54.