摘要
本文拟运用语篇理论和翻译理论,通过分析学生的英译汉译
例,证明语篇应该成为翻译过程中的翻译单位。并且只有把语篇
作为翻译单位,才能达到翻译的标准——忠实、通顺。
语篇作为结构与意义的统一体,在语法上具有衔接性,在意
义上具有完整性,它是语言的交际单位。翻译作为语言交际的一
种形式,实质上是用一种语言的语篇材料代替与其意义对等的另
一种语言语篇材料的过程。把语篇作为翻译单位是指根据原文语
篇的语言语境、情景语境、文化语境以及文体风格,从整体上理
解原文语篇的内容,形成一个“整体概念”,再将此概念用译文
语言表达。翻译的实际操作过程是一种自上而下的认知过程,译
者以语篇为单位的整体翻译过程遵循的正是这种自上而下的认知
过程,自然能传达出原文的真正意义,从而达到翻译的标准——
忠实、通顺。
只有把语篇作为翻译单位,综合分析原文的语篇衔接手段、
语境和语体,才能忠实地再现原文。也只有把语篇作为翻译单
位,从整体上分析原文的逻辑关系和语篇结构,才能使译文通顺
地再现原文,这是以词、词组或句子作为翻译单位进行翻译难以
做到的。
全文共分三部分。第一部分为绪论,论述研究本课题的目的
和本课题的研究现状。第二部分为正文,共分三章。第一章是翻
译概述。第二章是语篇以下翻译单位的局限性。第三章是论文主
体,论述把语篇作为翻译单位,才能达到翻译标准。第三部分为
结论。
当前语言学界对语篇的研究取得了很大成就,也开始把语篇
理论应用到翻译中。本文把语篇理论运用于翻译之中,通过分析
学生的译例,论证把语篇作为翻译单位才能忠实、通顺地再现原
文,旨在能对今后的英汉翻译课教学有所启示和帮助。
This article
analyses the examples of the English?Chinese translation done by the students to prove that discourse should be the unit of translation in the translating process ,and only by doing so can we realize the criteria of translation faithfulness and expressiveness on the basis of discourse theory and translation theory.
Discourse is an integration of structure and meaning . It is cohesive in grannnar and integrated in meaning . It natually becomes the communicative unit of a language .As a form of language communication , it is in fact a process of using discourse of one language to take the place of that of another one . It must be meaningful equivalent . Taking discourse as the unit of translation means understanding the contei~1t of the source language as a whole and forming a whole concept according to the linguistic context, situational context , cultural context and styles of the source language , then expressing it in the target language . The real translating operation process should be a cognitive process of topown The overal translation of taking discourse as the unit of translation follows this kind of cognitive process , so that the translator naturally can express the real meaning of the original text and realize the criteria of translation aithfulness and
express1veness.
0n1y by taking discourse as the unit of trans1ation
and anaIysing the cohesive devices, contexts and styles
of the origina1 texts can you faithfu11y trans1ate it.
And on1y by taking discourse as the unit of translation
and making an overa11 ana1ysis of the 1ogica1 re1ationship
and discourse structure can you expressive1y ref1ect the
origina1 text. We cannot do this by taking word, phrase
or sentence as the unit of translation.
This artic1e has three parts: the first part
introduces the purpose of doing this study and research
on this study. The second part is the sain body of the
thesis. 1t has three chapters: the first chapter is the
survey of translation, the second chapter dea1s with the
1imitations of the translation units be1ow discourse; The
third chapter and the most substantial part is on
taking disourse as the unit of trans1ation can we realize
the criteria of translation. The third part sims up and
conc1udes the study.
Great progress has been achieved in studies
of discourse, and discourse theories have begun to be
used in trans1ation. This article uses discourse
theories in trans1ation. By analysing the exmples of the
translation done by students, the article puts
forward its view on taking discourse as the unit of
trans1ation can faithful1y and expressivelly ref1ect
the origina1 text - It is hoped that it wi11 bring
en1ightment and benefit to the Eng1ish--Chinese
trans1ation teaching.
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