灾害天气预警终端的设计与实现
摘要
我国是世界上自然灾害最严重的少数国家之一。特别是近年来,随着全球天气变暖,洪水、风暴、干旱、雪灾等自然灾害越来越频繁,越来越严重,给我国带来巨大的损失。由于我国地域广阔,目前在城镇和农村还没有一个专用的天气预警系统,只是通过电视、广播等形式进行天气预警,其针对性差,有时无法对特定地区的灾害性天气进行及时地预警。为此,我们查阅了大量的技术资料并进行了分析,研究出一套完整的技术方案。此方案利用现有的移动通信系统,结合当地的广播体系,实现了灾害性天气的预警。特别适用于灾害频发并且通信相对落后的农村地区。
本文以灾害天气预警为背景,提出了基于ARM嵌入式系统的预警终端的设计方案,以嵌入式预警终端的设计为主线,讨论了嵌入式系统的构成。研究领域涉及嵌入式硬件设计、应用软件的设计和基于USB2.0的数据传输等。预警信息发布系统将灾害天气预警信息通过短信或语音的形式发布出去;预警终端通过手机模块时刻接收来自预警信息发布系统的灾害天气预警信息,当接收到预警短信后,ARM处理器将对预警信息进行解析并自动打开广播系统,将预警信息进行语音广播,同时打开户外显示屏显示预警信息。另外,预警终端还带有USB2.0接口,可以通过PC机实现对语音数据的下载、更新。
本人在课题研究中完成了部分硬件设计任务和绝大多数软件设计任务,主要包括以下几个方面:
1.完成了灾害天气预警终端的硬件电路的选型和嵌入式操作系统的选择。
2.建立以S3C44BOX为核心的硬件的开发平台,完成了硬件设计、制作与调试任务。
3.完成了基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的应用程序的设计,经反复调试,程序运行稳定。
4.完成了基于USB2.0芯片的固件程序、驱动程序和PC机语音下载程序的设计。
China is one of the contries which are vulnerable to natural disasters. Especially in recent years, China frequently suffers the ravages of natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, windstorms and snows by the global weather warming, which cause tremendous losses to people and are increasingly frequent and more and more serious. Because China is a huge geographical country, a dedicated weather warning system has not been established in urban and rural areas at present. People forecast the weather disasters only through television, radio and other forms of weather warning in specific areas. We read a large amount of technical information and develop a complete set of technical solution. By existing mobile radio communication network and the local broadcasting system, we have realized the disastrous weather broadcasting and warning in countryside areas which are backward in telecommunication.
Based on the disaster weather warning, this paper introduces a disaster weather warning terminal based on ARM embedded system, and discusses the structure of embedded systems by designing of the disaster weather warning terminal. The area of research involves embedded hardware design, the design of application software, transfer technology based on USB2.0 and other fields. The broadcasting system sends the disaster weather warning information in form of SMS or voice; the terminal receives the warning weather information on time. when SMS is received, the terminal automatically opens to the local broadcasting system, plays the voice of the warning weather information, and opens the outdoor LED display which shows that warning information. In addition, the terminal can also download the information from PC by USB2.0 interface.
The author designs a part of hardware circuit and most of software, which includes the following:
1. The hardware circuit of disaster weather warning terminal and the embedded operating system are selected.
2. The hardware development platform based on S3C44BOX is established, and the design of hardware, production and debug is achieved.
3. The application software is designed and tested to be stable.
4. Programs of firmware, driver, and download from PC are completed.
本文以灾害天气预警为背景,提出了基于ARM嵌入式系统的预警终端的设计方案,以嵌入式预警终端的设计为主线,讨论了嵌入式系统的构成。研究领域涉及嵌入式硬件设计、应用软件的设计和基于USB2.0的数据传输等。预警信息发布系统将灾害天气预警信息通过短信或语音的形式发布出去;预警终端通过手机模块时刻接收来自预警信息发布系统的灾害天气预警信息,当接收到预警短信后,ARM处理器将对预警信息进行解析并自动打开广播系统,将预警信息进行语音广播,同时打开户外显示屏显示预警信息。另外,预警终端还带有USB2.0接口,可以通过PC机实现对语音数据的下载、更新。
本人在课题研究中完成了部分硬件设计任务和绝大多数软件设计任务,主要包括以下几个方面:
1.完成了灾害天气预警终端的硬件电路的选型和嵌入式操作系统的选择。
2.建立以S3C44BOX为核心的硬件的开发平台,完成了硬件设计、制作与调试任务。
3.完成了基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的应用程序的设计,经反复调试,程序运行稳定。
4.完成了基于USB2.0芯片的固件程序、驱动程序和PC机语音下载程序的设计。
China is one of the contries which are vulnerable to natural disasters. Especially in recent years, China frequently suffers the ravages of natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, windstorms and snows by the global weather warming, which cause tremendous losses to people and are increasingly frequent and more and more serious. Because China is a huge geographical country, a dedicated weather warning system has not been established in urban and rural areas at present. People forecast the weather disasters only through television, radio and other forms of weather warning in specific areas. We read a large amount of technical information and develop a complete set of technical solution. By existing mobile radio communication network and the local broadcasting system, we have realized the disastrous weather broadcasting and warning in countryside areas which are backward in telecommunication.
Based on the disaster weather warning, this paper introduces a disaster weather warning terminal based on ARM embedded system, and discusses the structure of embedded systems by designing of the disaster weather warning terminal. The area of research involves embedded hardware design, the design of application software, transfer technology based on USB2.0 and other fields. The broadcasting system sends the disaster weather warning information in form of SMS or voice; the terminal receives the warning weather information on time. when SMS is received, the terminal automatically opens to the local broadcasting system, plays the voice of the warning weather information, and opens the outdoor LED display which shows that warning information. In addition, the terminal can also download the information from PC by USB2.0 interface.
The author designs a part of hardware circuit and most of software, which includes the following:
1. The hardware circuit of disaster weather warning terminal and the embedded operating system are selected.
2. The hardware development platform based on S3C44BOX is established, and the design of hardware, production and debug is achieved.
3. The application software is designed and tested to be stable.
4. Programs of firmware, driver, and download from PC are completed.
引文
[1]田泽,嵌入式系统开发与应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005,50-67,374-514,544-573
[2]SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC INC.3SC44BOX Datasheet,2001
[3]Andrew/N.Sloss,ARM嵌入式系统开发:软件设计与优化,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006,45-53
[4]田泽,嵌入式系统开发与应用实验教程,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[5]HY57V641620ET.pdf,http://www.21ic.com
[6]Silicon Storage Technology Inc.SST39VF1602.pdf,http://www.SuperFlash.com
[7]靳达,单片机应用系统开发实例导航,北京,人民邮电出版社,2004,210-221
[8]K9F2G08UOM DATASHEET,http://www.21ic.com
[9]WISMO Quik Q2403 series Product Specification,http://www.wavecom.com
[10]Cirrus Logic,Inc.cs4334.pdf,http://www.21ic.com
[11]周立功,USB2.0与OTG规范及开发指南,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2007,5-26
[12]Cypress Semiconductor Corporation.EZ-USB Series 2200 Technical Reference Manual,http://www.cypress.com
[13]薛园园,USB应用开发技术大全,北京,人民邮电出版社,2007,4-17,294-301,428-481
[14]MAX3232 DATASHEET,http://www.maxim-ic.com
[15]LCM SPECIFICAIONS,北京青云创新科技发展有限公司,http://www.qingyun-it.com
[16]Labrosse Jean J,嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ,第二版,邵贝贝,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[17]丁国超,μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统在ARM微处理器上的移植,[学位论文],哈尔滨,哈尔滨理工大学,2005
[18]王春雷,基于ARM处理器和μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式系统研究和实现,[学位论文],长沙,中南大学,2005
[19]倪国华,基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统的嵌入式多轴控制器的开发, [学位论文],合肥,合肥工业大学,2006
[20]羊四清,王东光,基于ARM处与μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式系统设计,计算机时代,2005,10,50-52
[21]杨洁,赵刚,嵌入式系统中Bootloader的编译与移植,四川大学学报,2007,44(4),187-190
[22]万永波,张根宝,田择等,基于ARM的嵌入式系统Bootloader启动流程分析,微计算机信息,2005,21(11/2),91
[23]贾宝金,王宝珠,基于USB的数据采集系统的设计与研究,现代电子技术,2007,24,187-190
[24]顿雁兵,基于ARM、USB2.0的心电数据采集系统,[学位论文],西安,西北大学,2007
[25]蒋曼芳,王章瑞,带USB接口的短信收发最小系统设计,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,10,74-76
[26]王丁磊,基于USB接口的计算机远程通讯模块的开发,[学位论文],郑州,郑州大学,2005
[27]肖李敏,基于USB2.0接口的高速数据传输系统设计,山西电子技术,2007,6,3-5
[28]刘凤新,刘光德,基于USB协议的科氏流量计手抄器设计计量技术,2007,8,9-12
[29]陈波,基于ARM的GPRS无线数据传输监控系统,[学位论文],杭州,浙江大学,2007
[30]吴君钦,32位ARM嵌入式系统扩展USB接口设计,微计算机信息,2005,21(9),82-83
[31]李秀红,黄天戌,孙忠富等,基于GPRS/SMS的嵌入式环境监测系统,吉林大学学报,2007,37(6),1409-1414
[32]王克浩,基于ARM的数字语音终端的设计与实现,武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(5),207-210
[33]夏登洲,基于ARM的嵌入式监控系统,[学位论文],保定,华北电力大学,2005
[34]邓洪川,刘畅远,基于ARM和μC/OS-Ⅱ的直放站监控终端设计,电讯技术,2007,47(6),102-105
[35]谭勋琼,基于ARM7和μC/OS-Ⅱ的数据采集系统设计,现代电子技术,2005,28(3),84-85
[36]聂伟,李云端,基于ARM7和μC/OS-Ⅱ的车辆移动终端设计,北京化工大学学报,2005,33(5),72-73
[37]任哲,嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ原理及应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社
[38]社春雷,ARM体系结构与编程,北京,清华大学出版社,2003
[39]周立功,ARM嵌入式系统基础教程,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[40]李哲英,骆丽,ARM核嵌入式系统的开发平台ADS,半导体技术,2002,27(2),13-16
[41]AT commands interface,http://www.wavecom.com
[42]David Seal,ARM Architecture Reference Manual,Englang:Person Education Limited,2001
[2]SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC INC.3SC44BOX Datasheet,2001
[3]Andrew/N.Sloss,ARM嵌入式系统开发:软件设计与优化,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2006,45-53
[4]田泽,嵌入式系统开发与应用实验教程,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[5]HY57V641620ET.pdf,http://www.21ic.com
[6]Silicon Storage Technology Inc.SST39VF1602.pdf,http://www.SuperFlash.com
[7]靳达,单片机应用系统开发实例导航,北京,人民邮电出版社,2004,210-221
[8]K9F2G08UOM DATASHEET,http://www.21ic.com
[9]WISMO Quik Q2403 series Product Specification,http://www.wavecom.com
[10]Cirrus Logic,Inc.cs4334.pdf,http://www.21ic.com
[11]周立功,USB2.0与OTG规范及开发指南,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2007,5-26
[12]Cypress Semiconductor Corporation.EZ-USB Series 2200 Technical Reference Manual,http://www.cypress.com
[13]薛园园,USB应用开发技术大全,北京,人民邮电出版社,2007,4-17,294-301,428-481
[14]MAX3232 DATASHEET,http://www.maxim-ic.com
[15]LCM SPECIFICAIONS,北京青云创新科技发展有限公司,http://www.qingyun-it.com
[16]Labrosse Jean J,嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ,第二版,邵贝贝,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[17]丁国超,μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统在ARM微处理器上的移植,[学位论文],哈尔滨,哈尔滨理工大学,2005
[18]王春雷,基于ARM处理器和μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式系统研究和实现,[学位论文],长沙,中南大学,2005
[19]倪国华,基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统的嵌入式多轴控制器的开发, [学位论文],合肥,合肥工业大学,2006
[20]羊四清,王东光,基于ARM处与μC/OS-Ⅱ的嵌入式系统设计,计算机时代,2005,10,50-52
[21]杨洁,赵刚,嵌入式系统中Bootloader的编译与移植,四川大学学报,2007,44(4),187-190
[22]万永波,张根宝,田择等,基于ARM的嵌入式系统Bootloader启动流程分析,微计算机信息,2005,21(11/2),91
[23]贾宝金,王宝珠,基于USB的数据采集系统的设计与研究,现代电子技术,2007,24,187-190
[24]顿雁兵,基于ARM、USB2.0的心电数据采集系统,[学位论文],西安,西北大学,2007
[25]蒋曼芳,王章瑞,带USB接口的短信收发最小系统设计,单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2005,10,74-76
[26]王丁磊,基于USB接口的计算机远程通讯模块的开发,[学位论文],郑州,郑州大学,2005
[27]肖李敏,基于USB2.0接口的高速数据传输系统设计,山西电子技术,2007,6,3-5
[28]刘凤新,刘光德,基于USB协议的科氏流量计手抄器设计计量技术,2007,8,9-12
[29]陈波,基于ARM的GPRS无线数据传输监控系统,[学位论文],杭州,浙江大学,2007
[30]吴君钦,32位ARM嵌入式系统扩展USB接口设计,微计算机信息,2005,21(9),82-83
[31]李秀红,黄天戌,孙忠富等,基于GPRS/SMS的嵌入式环境监测系统,吉林大学学报,2007,37(6),1409-1414
[32]王克浩,基于ARM的数字语音终端的设计与实现,武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(5),207-210
[33]夏登洲,基于ARM的嵌入式监控系统,[学位论文],保定,华北电力大学,2005
[34]邓洪川,刘畅远,基于ARM和μC/OS-Ⅱ的直放站监控终端设计,电讯技术,2007,47(6),102-105
[35]谭勋琼,基于ARM7和μC/OS-Ⅱ的数据采集系统设计,现代电子技术,2005,28(3),84-85
[36]聂伟,李云端,基于ARM7和μC/OS-Ⅱ的车辆移动终端设计,北京化工大学学报,2005,33(5),72-73
[37]任哲,嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ原理及应用,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社
[38]社春雷,ARM体系结构与编程,北京,清华大学出版社,2003
[39]周立功,ARM嵌入式系统基础教程,北京,北京航空航天大学出版社,2005
[40]李哲英,骆丽,ARM核嵌入式系统的开发平台ADS,半导体技术,2002,27(2),13-16
[41]AT commands interface,http://www.wavecom.com
[42]David Seal,ARM Architecture Reference Manual,Englang:Person Education Limited,2001