基于知识可视化的数字化变电站一体化监控系统的开发研究
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摘要
我国数字化智能化变电站研究处于世界领先水平,很多地区均实施了数字化变电站试点及改造工程,但是仍然有许多问题需进一步研究解决。本文针对现有数字化变电站应用系统繁多、信息孤岛、监控画面不直观和数据查询繁琐等问题,利用山西省某110kV数字化变电站试点工程中先进的硬件信息采集传输系统,通过开展面向服务体系结构(SOA)的统一信息平台监控系统开发研究,建立基于关系型数据库的根本原因法(RCA)的变电站故障分析数据物理模型,并组成新型集成数字化变电站监控系统,从分散系统的集成和可视化效果的研究入手,达到对数字化变电站知识可视化监控目的。
本文主要在以下三个方面取得一定进展：
(1)建立基于SOA架构的数字化变电站集成式一体化信息监控平台系统。针对变电站传统监控系统可视化效果不佳、通信标准不统一和信息处理混乱等问题,在数字化变电站的基础上提出了由SOA架构组成的集成式监控系统。模块化的组件式监控系统开发,降低了开发成本的同时提高了软件的开发效率,并且有效提升了运维人员的工作效率。该架构是变电站知识可视化的整体结构,同时解决了“信息孤岛”在数字化变电站站控层中所产生的各类问题。
(2)建立了基于关系型数据库的RCA数据模型。由于数字化变电站在通信传输上的优势,使得变电站的数据更为详细。如果数据库中没有良好的开环数据物理模型,站控层数据库中的海量有效数据就会浪费,而且这些数据将会形成数据冗余造成系统运行速度下降。本文将广泛应用于航天领域的RCA数据模型应用到数字化变电站的关系型数据库中,创建了一种“伞图”的开环数据库模型,为变电站内电气设备的实时故障预测提供了可。该功能的开发是信息挖掘结果可视化展示的重要前提条件,也是达到知识可视化的核心信息处理方式。
(3)研究并提出了变电站三维全景式可视化界面。在现有二维画面的前提下,提出了三维全景式监测画面开发,该三维动态技术采用了不同于以往二维显示三维的模式,以实物三维图元为模型建立虚拟三维模型,生动、丰富和准确地展示变电站的实时信息。通过OpenGL图形编辑语言和3DS max图形编辑软件建立了电气设备的三维模型图元,为运维人员的二次开发提供了方便。同时,建立了动态的“飞行式”浏览模式使三维全景式监测画面的查看更为方便流畅达到与二维画面的配合。该模型的开发是上述可视化的具体表现载体,也是知识可视化的表现终端。
本文从数字化变电站入手,然后通过介绍知识可视化和数字化变电站知识可视化功能的实现,以组态软件和VS平台为主要的一次和二次开发平台,最后与Power Designer建立的故障预测模型通过关系型数据库(如SQL)进行一体化建立,实现在数字化变电站中一体化监控系统的系统集成和信息的知识可视化。该数字化变电站的一体化监控系统为实现数字化变电站与智能电网新型调度系统的配合提供了软件支持,并且对保证电网的安全经济可靠运行有重要意义。
The research level of digitalized intelligentized substation in our countr-y has played a leading role in the world. Many areas in China have carried out experimental units and modification works of digitalized intelligentized substation. However, many issues need further study to be solved. This thesis deals with issues such as various application systems of present digitalized substation, isolated information resources, blurred monitoring menu, complex data query and pivot, etc. Using the advanced hardware information data acquisition and transmission system obtained from Shanxi certain110kV digitalized intelligentized substation experimental unit, and through the development and research of unified information platform supervisory system oriented with Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), this thesis aims at setting up fault analytical data model based on Root Cause Analysis (RCA) of relation database to construct new type of integrated digitalized substation's monitoring system, from the start of the study of disperse system's integration and visualization effect, so as to realize visual control of digitalized substation.
This thesis has made achievements on the following three aspects.
a) Establish digitalized transformer substation's integrated information monitoring platform system which is based on SOA. To solve issues like poor visualization of traditional substation monitoring system, the disunity of communication standards, message processing in disorder and other proble-ms, researcher raises integrated monitoring system consisted of SOA on the basis of digitalized substation. The development of modularized component lower the development cost, but it enhances the develop efficiency of soft-ware, improving staffs'operating effiency in dimensional work. This frame-work is the whole visual structure of substation, meanwhile it solves various problems caused by "isolated information island" at the digitalized substat-ion station layer.
b) Set up RCA data model on the basis of relational database. Due to the advantages of digitalized substation in communication transmission, the data of digitalized substation becomes more detailed. If there is no good physical model with open-loop data, a great number of valid data will be wasted and become data redundancy which may lead to the drop of system operation speed. This thesis will be widely used in RCA data model in space and relational database in digitalized substation, creating an "umbrella-like" open-loop database model, which makes the prediction of real-time fault of electric installation in substation become possible. The development of this function is an important precondition of the result of visualization in information mining, as well as a core way of information processing to realize knowledge visualization.
c) Study and put forward three-dimensional, panoramic visualization monitoring interface. On the premise of existing two-dimensional monitori-ng image, this thesis raises the development of three-dimensional panorama monitoring image. This three-dimensional dynamic technology adopts a different model in which two-dimension reflects three-dimension, on the model of three-dimensional pels entity to establish virtual three-dimensional model to demonstrate real-time information of substation vividly, richly and accurately. Through OpenGL programming languages and three-dimensional S max editing software, three-dimensional pels of electrical equipment are established, thus providing support for staff working in the secondary development. Meanwhile, the "high-speed" browsing model makes the view of three-dimensional panorama monitoring menu more convenient and fluent to achieve the goal of cooperating with two-dimensional monitoring menu. This model is not only specific expression vector of knowledge visualization, but also knowledge visualization's end of expression.
This article starts with digitalized substation. Then through introducing knowledge visualization and realization of digitalized substation's visualizet-ion function, make configuration software and VS platform as the main primary and secondary development platform. Finally, by means of relational database (eg. SQL), it mixes together with failure prediction model which is set up by Power Designer to realize monitoring system's system integration and knowledge visualization of knowledge in digitalized substation. This integration monitoring system of digitalized substation has provided soft-ware support for the collaboration between digitalized substation and new type of smart grid dispatching system, and plays an important role in keeping the distribution network operating safely, reliably and economically.
本文主要在以下三个方面取得一定进展：
(1)建立基于SOA架构的数字化变电站集成式一体化信息监控平台系统。针对变电站传统监控系统可视化效果不佳、通信标准不统一和信息处理混乱等问题,在数字化变电站的基础上提出了由SOA架构组成的集成式监控系统。模块化的组件式监控系统开发,降低了开发成本的同时提高了软件的开发效率,并且有效提升了运维人员的工作效率。该架构是变电站知识可视化的整体结构,同时解决了“信息孤岛”在数字化变电站站控层中所产生的各类问题。
(2)建立了基于关系型数据库的RCA数据模型。由于数字化变电站在通信传输上的优势,使得变电站的数据更为详细。如果数据库中没有良好的开环数据物理模型,站控层数据库中的海量有效数据就会浪费,而且这些数据将会形成数据冗余造成系统运行速度下降。本文将广泛应用于航天领域的RCA数据模型应用到数字化变电站的关系型数据库中,创建了一种“伞图”的开环数据库模型,为变电站内电气设备的实时故障预测提供了可。该功能的开发是信息挖掘结果可视化展示的重要前提条件,也是达到知识可视化的核心信息处理方式。
(3)研究并提出了变电站三维全景式可视化界面。在现有二维画面的前提下,提出了三维全景式监测画面开发,该三维动态技术采用了不同于以往二维显示三维的模式,以实物三维图元为模型建立虚拟三维模型,生动、丰富和准确地展示变电站的实时信息。通过OpenGL图形编辑语言和3DS max图形编辑软件建立了电气设备的三维模型图元,为运维人员的二次开发提供了方便。同时,建立了动态的“飞行式”浏览模式使三维全景式监测画面的查看更为方便流畅达到与二维画面的配合。该模型的开发是上述可视化的具体表现载体,也是知识可视化的表现终端。
本文从数字化变电站入手,然后通过介绍知识可视化和数字化变电站知识可视化功能的实现,以组态软件和VS平台为主要的一次和二次开发平台,最后与Power Designer建立的故障预测模型通过关系型数据库(如SQL)进行一体化建立,实现在数字化变电站中一体化监控系统的系统集成和信息的知识可视化。该数字化变电站的一体化监控系统为实现数字化变电站与智能电网新型调度系统的配合提供了软件支持,并且对保证电网的安全经济可靠运行有重要意义。
The research level of digitalized intelligentized substation in our countr-y has played a leading role in the world. Many areas in China have carried out experimental units and modification works of digitalized intelligentized substation. However, many issues need further study to be solved. This thesis deals with issues such as various application systems of present digitalized substation, isolated information resources, blurred monitoring menu, complex data query and pivot, etc. Using the advanced hardware information data acquisition and transmission system obtained from Shanxi certain110kV digitalized intelligentized substation experimental unit, and through the development and research of unified information platform supervisory system oriented with Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), this thesis aims at setting up fault analytical data model based on Root Cause Analysis (RCA) of relation database to construct new type of integrated digitalized substation's monitoring system, from the start of the study of disperse system's integration and visualization effect, so as to realize visual control of digitalized substation.
This thesis has made achievements on the following three aspects.
a) Establish digitalized transformer substation's integrated information monitoring platform system which is based on SOA. To solve issues like poor visualization of traditional substation monitoring system, the disunity of communication standards, message processing in disorder and other proble-ms, researcher raises integrated monitoring system consisted of SOA on the basis of digitalized substation. The development of modularized component lower the development cost, but it enhances the develop efficiency of soft-ware, improving staffs'operating effiency in dimensional work. This frame-work is the whole visual structure of substation, meanwhile it solves various problems caused by "isolated information island" at the digitalized substat-ion station layer.
b) Set up RCA data model on the basis of relational database. Due to the advantages of digitalized substation in communication transmission, the data of digitalized substation becomes more detailed. If there is no good physical model with open-loop data, a great number of valid data will be wasted and become data redundancy which may lead to the drop of system operation speed. This thesis will be widely used in RCA data model in space and relational database in digitalized substation, creating an "umbrella-like" open-loop database model, which makes the prediction of real-time fault of electric installation in substation become possible. The development of this function is an important precondition of the result of visualization in information mining, as well as a core way of information processing to realize knowledge visualization.
c) Study and put forward three-dimensional, panoramic visualization monitoring interface. On the premise of existing two-dimensional monitori-ng image, this thesis raises the development of three-dimensional panorama monitoring image. This three-dimensional dynamic technology adopts a different model in which two-dimension reflects three-dimension, on the model of three-dimensional pels entity to establish virtual three-dimensional model to demonstrate real-time information of substation vividly, richly and accurately. Through OpenGL programming languages and three-dimensional S max editing software, three-dimensional pels of electrical equipment are established, thus providing support for staff working in the secondary development. Meanwhile, the "high-speed" browsing model makes the view of three-dimensional panorama monitoring menu more convenient and fluent to achieve the goal of cooperating with two-dimensional monitoring menu. This model is not only specific expression vector of knowledge visualization, but also knowledge visualization's end of expression.
This article starts with digitalized substation. Then through introducing knowledge visualization and realization of digitalized substation's visualizet-ion function, make configuration software and VS platform as the main primary and secondary development platform. Finally, by means of relational database (eg. SQL), it mixes together with failure prediction model which is set up by Power Designer to realize monitoring system's system integration and knowledge visualization of knowledge in digitalized substation. This integration monitoring system of digitalized substation has provided soft-ware support for the collaboration between digitalized substation and new type of smart grid dispatching system, and plays an important role in keeping the distribution network operating safely, reliably and economically.
引文
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