低温地面辐射供暖系统调节的研究
|
摘要
随着计量供热技术在我国的大力推行,低温地面辐射供暖在我国民用建筑中逐渐推广。当系统在正常的运行情况下,其供热优势是显著的,能达到舒适、节能、美观的效果。对于传统的散热器供暖系统,其供热调节已经具备完整的公式体系和调节方法,但由于地面辐射供暖与散热器供暖的末端装置和散热形式不同,二者的供热调节存在差别。
本文将针对地面辐射供暖系统的供热调节进行初步的研究,研究的内容包括对其供热调节公式的推导、系统变动的热力和水力工况分析、调节方法的选择、以及地板的热惰性对调节的影响。
首先,本文建立了地面辐射供暖系统的能量平衡方程,导出了其供热调节的基本公式,由基本公式得出了不同连接方式下不同调节方法的调节公式;由于调节的最终结果是调节地板表面散热量以保持室温恒定,因此本文建立了地板构造层的稳态传热数学模型,利用Flunent软件对其进行了模拟计算,得到了稳态传热时地板构造层的温度场,并计算了地板表面的平均温度和散热量。
其次,根据能量平衡方程式绘制了地板的热特性曲线,分析了供水温度、流量、地板表面材料以及管间距对地面散热量的影响,从而得到了适用于地面辐射供暖系统的集中调节方法。还针对地面辐射供暖的变流量特性进行了水力工况分析,证明了地面辐射供暖系统良好的个体调节性能。
最后,考虑到地板的热惰性,建立了地板构造层的非稳态传热数学模型,计算了地板传热的滞后时间,并和围护结构进行比较,得出地板的热惰性对调节的影响很小。
通过本文的研究可以得出,对于地面辐射供暖系统,采用集中质调节或分阶段改变流量的质调节方法是比较理想的,而量调节作为用户个体调节的方式是比较合理的。
With the energetically implement of heat allocate system, the radiant floor heating techonology popularizes gradually in civil architecture in our country. When system is on normal run, its advantage in heating is notable and it can achieve an effect of comfortable、energysave and beautiful. We knows that the conventional radiator heating already has a complete formula system and regulation method, but because its terminal installation and heat radiation way is different from radiant floor heating system, their heat supply regulation is different also.
A tentative research on regulation method of radiant floor heating system is carried out in this thesis, and the content contains that the deduce of regulation formula, the analysis of themal and hydraulic regime when system vary, the selection of regulation method, and the influence to heat supply regulation method of floor heat storage capacity.
Firstly, the energy balance equation is established, and the basic formula of the heat supply regulation is deduced. Then the regulation formula of different connection way and regulation method is obtained. For the final result is to regulate the heat flow rate of radiant floor and then to keep the room temperature steady, the steady-state heat transfer mathematics model of floor structure is established and the sofeware Fluent are used to simulate the regularity of temperature field. Then the heat flow rate and average temperature of floor surface is calculated.
Secondly, the thermal characteristic curve of heat floor is drawed on the basis of energy balance equation and the influence to heat flow rate of radiant floor surface by water supply, circulation flow, surface material and pipe space is analysed, then the regulation method that is appropriate for radiant floor heating system. The hydraulic regime of is analysed in view of the variable flow heating character of the system, then the good regulating performance of radiant floor heating system is proved.
Finally, unsteady heat transfer mathematics model is established considering the floor heat inertia and the time lag of floor heat transfer is calculated. A
本文将针对地面辐射供暖系统的供热调节进行初步的研究,研究的内容包括对其供热调节公式的推导、系统变动的热力和水力工况分析、调节方法的选择、以及地板的热惰性对调节的影响。
首先,本文建立了地面辐射供暖系统的能量平衡方程,导出了其供热调节的基本公式,由基本公式得出了不同连接方式下不同调节方法的调节公式;由于调节的最终结果是调节地板表面散热量以保持室温恒定,因此本文建立了地板构造层的稳态传热数学模型,利用Flunent软件对其进行了模拟计算,得到了稳态传热时地板构造层的温度场,并计算了地板表面的平均温度和散热量。
其次,根据能量平衡方程式绘制了地板的热特性曲线,分析了供水温度、流量、地板表面材料以及管间距对地面散热量的影响,从而得到了适用于地面辐射供暖系统的集中调节方法。还针对地面辐射供暖的变流量特性进行了水力工况分析,证明了地面辐射供暖系统良好的个体调节性能。
最后,考虑到地板的热惰性,建立了地板构造层的非稳态传热数学模型,计算了地板传热的滞后时间,并和围护结构进行比较,得出地板的热惰性对调节的影响很小。
通过本文的研究可以得出,对于地面辐射供暖系统,采用集中质调节或分阶段改变流量的质调节方法是比较理想的,而量调节作为用户个体调节的方式是比较合理的。
With the energetically implement of heat allocate system, the radiant floor heating techonology popularizes gradually in civil architecture in our country. When system is on normal run, its advantage in heating is notable and it can achieve an effect of comfortable、energysave and beautiful. We knows that the conventional radiator heating already has a complete formula system and regulation method, but because its terminal installation and heat radiation way is different from radiant floor heating system, their heat supply regulation is different also.
A tentative research on regulation method of radiant floor heating system is carried out in this thesis, and the content contains that the deduce of regulation formula, the analysis of themal and hydraulic regime when system vary, the selection of regulation method, and the influence to heat supply regulation method of floor heat storage capacity.
Firstly, the energy balance equation is established, and the basic formula of the heat supply regulation is deduced. Then the regulation formula of different connection way and regulation method is obtained. For the final result is to regulate the heat flow rate of radiant floor and then to keep the room temperature steady, the steady-state heat transfer mathematics model of floor structure is established and the sofeware Fluent are used to simulate the regularity of temperature field. Then the heat flow rate and average temperature of floor surface is calculated.
Secondly, the thermal characteristic curve of heat floor is drawed on the basis of energy balance equation and the influence to heat flow rate of radiant floor surface by water supply, circulation flow, surface material and pipe space is analysed, then the regulation method that is appropriate for radiant floor heating system. The hydraulic regime of is analysed in view of the variable flow heating character of the system, then the good regulating performance of radiant floor heating system is proved.
Finally, unsteady heat transfer mathematics model is established considering the floor heat inertia and the time lag of floor heat transfer is calculated. A
引文
1 王荣光.低温地板辐射采暖.煤气与热力.1999,19(4):53～55
2 王荣光、宗杰.低温地板辐射采暖的调节.煤气与热力.2003,(11):698～700
3 王荣光、沈天行.可再生能源利用与建筑节能.机械工业出版社.2004年:511、531
4 刘清林、焦有芬.供热调节方式的节能分析.林业科技情报.1998,(1):25
5 姚晶波、张鹏.地板采暖与采暖分户计量.应用能源技术.2003(5):27～29
6 田 晓 霞 、 沈 焱 . 供 暖 系 统 的 选 择 与 供 热 调 节 . 煤 气 与 热 力 .2004 ,24(9):525～527
7 萧震宇、王菲.低温地板辐射供暖动态特性及调节研究. 建筑热能通风空调.2004,23(5):74～76
8 冉春雨.塑料管地板采暖研究.暖通空调.1999,(2)
9 逯文涛.论低温热水地面辐射采暖.太原师范学院学报.2006,5(1):78～80
10 王子介.低温辐射供暖与辐射供冷.机械工业出版社.2004:31
11 宗杰.低温地板辐射采暖系统调节性能研究.天津大学.2003,12:1～2
12 朱 赛 鸿 . 低 温 地 板 辐 射 采 暖 技 术 及 其 在 住 宅 中 应 用 的 可 行 性 分析.2001,30(6):94～97
13 夏 喜 英 、 王 建 华 . 低 温 热 水 地 板 辐 射 采 暖 方 式 与 节 能 . 节 能 技术.2001,19(1):33～34
14 国玉革.低温地板辐射采暖系统简介.节能保温.2004,(4):22～23
15 孔庆春.低温热水地板辐射采暖的应用.建筑热能通风空调.2001,(1):62～63
16 朱莹.低温热水地板辐射采暖系统.应用能源技术.2004,(6):21～23
17 胡 军 . 低 温 地 板 辐 射 供 暖 系 统 运 行 模 式 的 实 验 研 究 . 暖 通 空调.2005.35(2):123～125
18 刘艳峰、刘加平.低温热水地板辐射供暖间歇运行研究.节能技术. 2004,22(1): 5～6,29
19 邱 林 、 郑 树 伟 . 地 板 采 暖 系 统 运 行 调 控 的 实 验 研 究 . 专 家 论坛.2004,(7):18～20
20 郭富军、杨昌智.低温热水地板辐射采暖的控制方式.建筑热能通风空调.1999,(3):50～52
21 李建兴、于振峰、涂光备.外墙保温对间歇调节特性与经济性的影响. 煤气与热力.2004,24(4):194～196
22 Algren, A.B. Field Studies of Floor Panel Control Systems. ASHRAE Transactions. 1953,59(1):173-196
23 MacCluer C.R. Temperature Variations of Flux-modulated Radiant Slab Systems. ASHRAE Transactions. 1989,95(1):1010～1014
24 MacCluer C.R. The Response of Radiant Heating Systems Controlled by Outdoor Reset with Feedback. ASHRAE Transactions. 1991,97:795～799
25 MacCluer C.R. Analysis and Simulation of Outdoor Reset Control of Radiant Slab Heating Systems. ASHRAE Trans. 1990,96(1):1283～1287
26 MacCluer C.R. The Temperature Stability of a Radiant Slab-on-grade. ASHRAE Transactions. 95(1):1001-1009
27 P.R., Gibbs. Control of Multizone Hydronic Radiant Floor Heating System. ASHRAE Transactions. 1994,100(1):1003～1010
28 Zaheer-Uddin M, Zhang ZL, Cho SH. Augmented Control Strategies for Radiant Floor Heating Systems. Int J Energy Res. 2002,26(1):79～92
29 Zaheer-Uddin, G.R.Zheng, Sung-Hwan cho. Optimal Operation of an Embedded-piping Floor Heating System with Control Input Constrains. Energy Conversation Management. 1997,l38(7):713～725
30 S.-H. Choa, M. Zaheer-uddinb. An Experimental Study of Multiple Parameter Switching Control for Radiant Floor Heating Systems. Energy. 1999,(24):433～444
31 T.Y. Chen. Application of Adaptive Predictive Control to a Floor Heating System with a Large Thermal Lag. Energy and Buildings. 2002,(34):45～51
32 S.H.Cho, M.Zaheer-uddin. Predictive Control of Intermittently Operated Radiant Floor Heating Systems. Energy Conversion and Management. 2003,(44):1333～1342
33 Myoung-Souk Yeo. A Study on the Control Methods for Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling System in Residential Building. ASHRAE Transactions. 2004,47(3):106～116
34 Delsante A E. Steady-state Heat Lossed from the Core and Perimeter Regions of a Slab-on-ground Floor. Building and Environment. 1989,24(3):253～257
35 周国兵,张于峰.变流量间接供热系统的调节.暖通空调.2004,34(7):43～47
36 涂光备.供热计量技术.中国建筑工业出版社.2003:150
37 B.I. Kilkis, M. Eltez, S.S. sager. A Simplified Model for the Design of Radiant In-slab Heating Panels. ASHRAE Transactions. 1995,101(1):210～216
38 I. B. Kilkis, M. Spaci. Computer-aided Design of Radiant Subfloor Heating Systems. ASHRAE Transations. 1995,101(1):1214～1220
39 侯鸿章, 贺新年, 赵先智.埋管式低温地面辐射采暖技术.暖通空调新技术.2000,2:63～66
40 Shan K Wang. Handbook of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration. Second Edition. The United States of America.McGraw-Hill companies. 2000
41 周兴红.低温地板辐射采暖数值模拟及其性能分析.南京理工大学硕士学位论文.2004,6:15
42 Hanibuchi .H., S. Hokoi. Basic Study on Radiative and Convective Heat Exchange in a Room with Floor Heating. ASHRAE Transactions. 1998, 104(1):1098~1105
43 全炳杰, 罗高乔.低温地板辐射采暖构造层传热模拟.节能技术.2004,22(3):40～42
44 李先瑞.供热空调系统运行管理、节能、诊断技术指南.中国电力出版社.2004:697～698
45 韩占忠, 王敬, 兰小平.流体工程仿真计算实例与应用.北京理工大学出版社.2004:19～20
46 陆耀庆. 供暖通风设计手册. 中国建筑工业出版社.1987
47 Yang Chen, Andreas K, Athienitis. A Three-dimensional Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Cover Materials on Heat Transfer in Floor Heating Systems. ASHARE Trans. 1998,104(2):1350～1355
48 陈海波, 黄海珍, 吕全涛.低温热水地板辐射供暖地面散热量的计算.吉林大学学报.2005,33(3):136～140
49 韩晓红, 邹平华.不同位置阀门对热网水力工况影响的初步研究.建筑热 能通风空调.2004,23(6):1～7
50 张建斌.地面采暖与散热器采暖混水系统及其特性分析.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文.2003:23
51 徐伟, 邹瑜.供暖系统温控与热计量技术.中国计划出版社.2000:90
52 卢琛.锅炉供热运行调节方式的探讨.山西建筑.2004,30(22):95～96
53 董壮进, 廖荣平, 王 淮, 董长园.供热管网初调节的探讨.煤气与热力.2000,20(4):270～272
54 王毅, 杨婷, 王玲玲.热水供热系统的水力平衡和水力稳定性.大连大学学报.2003,24(6):41～45
55 胡 思 科 , 张 炳 文 . 热 用 户 数 改 变 对 供 暖 系 统 水 力 工 况 的 影 响 . 煤气与热力.2003,23(3):139～142
56 石兆玉.供热系统运行调节与控制.清华大学出版社.1994.177～211
57 Adelman D. Some Control Strategies for Radiant Floor Heating. Radiant Times. 1983:4–5
58 A K Athienitis, T Y Chen. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Floor Heating with Thermal Storage. ASHRAE Trans. 1993,99(1):1049～1057
2 王荣光、宗杰.低温地板辐射采暖的调节.煤气与热力.2003,(11):698～700
3 王荣光、沈天行.可再生能源利用与建筑节能.机械工业出版社.2004年:511、531
4 刘清林、焦有芬.供热调节方式的节能分析.林业科技情报.1998,(1):25
5 姚晶波、张鹏.地板采暖与采暖分户计量.应用能源技术.2003(5):27～29
6 田 晓 霞 、 沈 焱 . 供 暖 系 统 的 选 择 与 供 热 调 节 . 煤 气 与 热 力 .2004 ,24(9):525～527
7 萧震宇、王菲.低温地板辐射供暖动态特性及调节研究. 建筑热能通风空调.2004,23(5):74～76
8 冉春雨.塑料管地板采暖研究.暖通空调.1999,(2)
9 逯文涛.论低温热水地面辐射采暖.太原师范学院学报.2006,5(1):78～80
10 王子介.低温辐射供暖与辐射供冷.机械工业出版社.2004:31
11 宗杰.低温地板辐射采暖系统调节性能研究.天津大学.2003,12:1～2
12 朱 赛 鸿 . 低 温 地 板 辐 射 采 暖 技 术 及 其 在 住 宅 中 应 用 的 可 行 性 分析.2001,30(6):94～97
13 夏 喜 英 、 王 建 华 . 低 温 热 水 地 板 辐 射 采 暖 方 式 与 节 能 . 节 能 技术.2001,19(1):33～34
14 国玉革.低温地板辐射采暖系统简介.节能保温.2004,(4):22～23
15 孔庆春.低温热水地板辐射采暖的应用.建筑热能通风空调.2001,(1):62～63
16 朱莹.低温热水地板辐射采暖系统.应用能源技术.2004,(6):21～23
17 胡 军 . 低 温 地 板 辐 射 供 暖 系 统 运 行 模 式 的 实 验 研 究 . 暖 通 空调.2005.35(2):123～125
18 刘艳峰、刘加平.低温热水地板辐射供暖间歇运行研究.节能技术. 2004,22(1): 5～6,29
19 邱 林 、 郑 树 伟 . 地 板 采 暖 系 统 运 行 调 控 的 实 验 研 究 . 专 家 论坛.2004,(7):18～20
20 郭富军、杨昌智.低温热水地板辐射采暖的控制方式.建筑热能通风空调.1999,(3):50～52
21 李建兴、于振峰、涂光备.外墙保温对间歇调节特性与经济性的影响. 煤气与热力.2004,24(4):194～196
22 Algren, A.B. Field Studies of Floor Panel Control Systems. ASHRAE Transactions. 1953,59(1):173-196
23 MacCluer C.R. Temperature Variations of Flux-modulated Radiant Slab Systems. ASHRAE Transactions. 1989,95(1):1010～1014
24 MacCluer C.R. The Response of Radiant Heating Systems Controlled by Outdoor Reset with Feedback. ASHRAE Transactions. 1991,97:795～799
25 MacCluer C.R. Analysis and Simulation of Outdoor Reset Control of Radiant Slab Heating Systems. ASHRAE Trans. 1990,96(1):1283～1287
26 MacCluer C.R. The Temperature Stability of a Radiant Slab-on-grade. ASHRAE Transactions. 95(1):1001-1009
27 P.R., Gibbs. Control of Multizone Hydronic Radiant Floor Heating System. ASHRAE Transactions. 1994,100(1):1003～1010
28 Zaheer-Uddin M, Zhang ZL, Cho SH. Augmented Control Strategies for Radiant Floor Heating Systems. Int J Energy Res. 2002,26(1):79～92
29 Zaheer-Uddin, G.R.Zheng, Sung-Hwan cho. Optimal Operation of an Embedded-piping Floor Heating System with Control Input Constrains. Energy Conversation Management. 1997,l38(7):713～725
30 S.-H. Choa, M. Zaheer-uddinb. An Experimental Study of Multiple Parameter Switching Control for Radiant Floor Heating Systems. Energy. 1999,(24):433～444
31 T.Y. Chen. Application of Adaptive Predictive Control to a Floor Heating System with a Large Thermal Lag. Energy and Buildings. 2002,(34):45～51
32 S.H.Cho, M.Zaheer-uddin. Predictive Control of Intermittently Operated Radiant Floor Heating Systems. Energy Conversion and Management. 2003,(44):1333～1342
33 Myoung-Souk Yeo. A Study on the Control Methods for Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling System in Residential Building. ASHRAE Transactions. 2004,47(3):106～116
34 Delsante A E. Steady-state Heat Lossed from the Core and Perimeter Regions of a Slab-on-ground Floor. Building and Environment. 1989,24(3):253～257
35 周国兵,张于峰.变流量间接供热系统的调节.暖通空调.2004,34(7):43～47
36 涂光备.供热计量技术.中国建筑工业出版社.2003:150
37 B.I. Kilkis, M. Eltez, S.S. sager. A Simplified Model for the Design of Radiant In-slab Heating Panels. ASHRAE Transactions. 1995,101(1):210～216
38 I. B. Kilkis, M. Spaci. Computer-aided Design of Radiant Subfloor Heating Systems. ASHRAE Transations. 1995,101(1):1214～1220
39 侯鸿章, 贺新年, 赵先智.埋管式低温地面辐射采暖技术.暖通空调新技术.2000,2:63～66
40 Shan K Wang. Handbook of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration. Second Edition. The United States of America.McGraw-Hill companies. 2000
41 周兴红.低温地板辐射采暖数值模拟及其性能分析.南京理工大学硕士学位论文.2004,6:15
42 Hanibuchi .H., S. Hokoi. Basic Study on Radiative and Convective Heat Exchange in a Room with Floor Heating. ASHRAE Transactions. 1998, 104(1):1098~1105
43 全炳杰, 罗高乔.低温地板辐射采暖构造层传热模拟.节能技术.2004,22(3):40～42
44 李先瑞.供热空调系统运行管理、节能、诊断技术指南.中国电力出版社.2004:697～698
45 韩占忠, 王敬, 兰小平.流体工程仿真计算实例与应用.北京理工大学出版社.2004:19～20
46 陆耀庆. 供暖通风设计手册. 中国建筑工业出版社.1987
47 Yang Chen, Andreas K, Athienitis. A Three-dimensional Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Cover Materials on Heat Transfer in Floor Heating Systems. ASHARE Trans. 1998,104(2):1350～1355
48 陈海波, 黄海珍, 吕全涛.低温热水地板辐射供暖地面散热量的计算.吉林大学学报.2005,33(3):136～140
49 韩晓红, 邹平华.不同位置阀门对热网水力工况影响的初步研究.建筑热 能通风空调.2004,23(6):1～7
50 张建斌.地面采暖与散热器采暖混水系统及其特性分析.哈尔滨工业大学硕士学位论文.2003:23
51 徐伟, 邹瑜.供暖系统温控与热计量技术.中国计划出版社.2000:90
52 卢琛.锅炉供热运行调节方式的探讨.山西建筑.2004,30(22):95～96
53 董壮进, 廖荣平, 王 淮, 董长园.供热管网初调节的探讨.煤气与热力.2000,20(4):270～272
54 王毅, 杨婷, 王玲玲.热水供热系统的水力平衡和水力稳定性.大连大学学报.2003,24(6):41～45
55 胡 思 科 , 张 炳 文 . 热 用 户 数 改 变 对 供 暖 系 统 水 力 工 况 的 影 响 . 煤气与热力.2003,23(3):139～142
56 石兆玉.供热系统运行调节与控制.清华大学出版社.1994.177～211
57 Adelman D. Some Control Strategies for Radiant Floor Heating. Radiant Times. 1983:4–5
58 A K Athienitis, T Y Chen. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Floor Heating with Thermal Storage. ASHRAE Trans. 1993,99(1):1049～1057