可控膨胀堵漏剂的研制与性能研究
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摘要
吸水树脂是近年来发展起来的一类新型高分子堵漏材料,吸水膨胀后成为具有一定粘弹性的凝胶体,具有一定的强度、较强的保水性、抗盐性和稳定性。吸水树脂材料能够用于钻井的堵漏的关键是控制与调整其吸水速度,而一般的吸水树脂吸水速度较快,且吸水速度难以控制,因此,针对吸水树脂吸水速度难以控制的特点,本文合成了一种吸水树脂,利用微胶囊包覆技术改善了吸水树脂的吸水性能,研制出一种新型可控膨胀堵漏剂KP,该堵剂具有较好的稳定性和较高强度,可用于钻井堵漏。
本文以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为实验原料,选用水溶液聚合法制备了吸水树脂,通过单因素实验得到了制备树脂的最佳反应条件为：反应温度为50℃,单体浓度为30%,丙烯酸中和度为80%,AM与AA质量配比为6：4,引发剂Na2SO3和(NH4)2S208加量为2%,交联剂NMBA加量为0.2%。为提高堵剂的强度,本实验在合成反应初期添加超细CaCO3,并考察了超细CaCO3对树脂吸水性能的影响。
为实现堵剂吸水速度的可控性,将微胶囊包覆技术应用到堵剂改性中。选取石蜡作为包覆壁材,采用熔化分散冷凝法制备得到了堵剂微胶囊。为解决实验中出现的包覆率低等问题,提出采用冷却破碎法和石蜡乳化法对合成的吸水树脂堵剂进行包覆。制备的可控膨胀堵漏剂KP在石蜡熔点温度以下堵剂吸液速率明显下降,吸液率明显减小,实现了对堵剂吸水速度的可控性。
通过砂床实验装置和DL改进型实验装置,评价了可控膨胀堵漏剂KP的封堵能力,结果表明：可控膨胀堵剂KP能够通过弹性变形适应不同尺寸的孔隙和裂缝宽度,配合刚性桥塞材料后的堵漏效果更佳。
Hygroscopic colophony is a new kind of higher molecular weight plugging material that developed in recent years. After absorbing water, it swells to become a sort of elasticoviscous gel which has intensity and strong moisture-retaining, anti-salt and stability properties. The key of hygroscopic colophony which used to plugging is well controlling and adjusting the velocity of hygroscope, but the velocity general hygroscopic colophony is fast and hard to control. Thus, the original synthesize a kind of hygroscopic colophony which aimed at the shortage of hard to control hygroscopic velocity. It used mirco-capsule coating technology to improve hygroscopic character of hygroscopic colophony, develop a new style controllable & swelling plugging agent. This plugging agent has better stability and intensity.
The original takes acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM) as basic materials, chooses aqueous solution aggregation method synthesize hygroscopic colophony. From single element experiment, we got the best reaction conditions of synthesize colophony, which include, reaction temperature is 50℃, monomer concentration is 30%, neutralization acrylic acid is 80%, quantity partitioning of AA and AM is 6:4, initiating agent of Na2SO3 and (NH4)2S2O8 dosage is 2%, cross linker NMBA dosage is 0.2%. in order to improve the intensity of plugging agent, we add supper tiny CaCO3 at the beginning of the experiment, and evaluate the influence of supper tiny CaCO3 to hygroscopic colophony character.
Aimed at control hygroscopic velocity of plugging agent, mirco-capsule coating technology is used plugging agent modification. We choose wax as coating material, use melting condensation method to synthesize plugging agent micro-capsule. In order to solve the problem of low coating rate, the original proposed cooling-crushing method and wax emulsification method to coat synthesized hygroscopic colophony. The hygroscopic velocity of prepared controllable and swelling plugging agent decreases significantly under the temperature of wax melting point, hygroscopic rate decreases too, and achieves hygroscopic velocity controllable.
The formation sealing capacity of controllable-swelling plugging agent is evaluated by grit-bed and modified DL experiment apparatus. Resulting shows that controllable & swelling plugging agent could accommodate different size of aperture and fracture through elasticity. It will get better plugging effect to combine with rigidity bridge material.
本文以丙烯酸(AA)、丙烯酰胺(AM)为实验原料,选用水溶液聚合法制备了吸水树脂,通过单因素实验得到了制备树脂的最佳反应条件为：反应温度为50℃,单体浓度为30%,丙烯酸中和度为80%,AM与AA质量配比为6：4,引发剂Na2SO3和(NH4)2S208加量为2%,交联剂NMBA加量为0.2%。为提高堵剂的强度,本实验在合成反应初期添加超细CaCO3,并考察了超细CaCO3对树脂吸水性能的影响。
为实现堵剂吸水速度的可控性,将微胶囊包覆技术应用到堵剂改性中。选取石蜡作为包覆壁材,采用熔化分散冷凝法制备得到了堵剂微胶囊。为解决实验中出现的包覆率低等问题,提出采用冷却破碎法和石蜡乳化法对合成的吸水树脂堵剂进行包覆。制备的可控膨胀堵漏剂KP在石蜡熔点温度以下堵剂吸液速率明显下降,吸液率明显减小,实现了对堵剂吸水速度的可控性。
通过砂床实验装置和DL改进型实验装置,评价了可控膨胀堵漏剂KP的封堵能力,结果表明：可控膨胀堵剂KP能够通过弹性变形适应不同尺寸的孔隙和裂缝宽度,配合刚性桥塞材料后的堵漏效果更佳。
Hygroscopic colophony is a new kind of higher molecular weight plugging material that developed in recent years. After absorbing water, it swells to become a sort of elasticoviscous gel which has intensity and strong moisture-retaining, anti-salt and stability properties. The key of hygroscopic colophony which used to plugging is well controlling and adjusting the velocity of hygroscope, but the velocity general hygroscopic colophony is fast and hard to control. Thus, the original synthesize a kind of hygroscopic colophony which aimed at the shortage of hard to control hygroscopic velocity. It used mirco-capsule coating technology to improve hygroscopic character of hygroscopic colophony, develop a new style controllable & swelling plugging agent. This plugging agent has better stability and intensity.
The original takes acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AM) as basic materials, chooses aqueous solution aggregation method synthesize hygroscopic colophony. From single element experiment, we got the best reaction conditions of synthesize colophony, which include, reaction temperature is 50℃, monomer concentration is 30%, neutralization acrylic acid is 80%, quantity partitioning of AA and AM is 6:4, initiating agent of Na2SO3 and (NH4)2S2O8 dosage is 2%, cross linker NMBA dosage is 0.2%. in order to improve the intensity of plugging agent, we add supper tiny CaCO3 at the beginning of the experiment, and evaluate the influence of supper tiny CaCO3 to hygroscopic colophony character.
Aimed at control hygroscopic velocity of plugging agent, mirco-capsule coating technology is used plugging agent modification. We choose wax as coating material, use melting condensation method to synthesize plugging agent micro-capsule. In order to solve the problem of low coating rate, the original proposed cooling-crushing method and wax emulsification method to coat synthesized hygroscopic colophony. The hygroscopic velocity of prepared controllable and swelling plugging agent decreases significantly under the temperature of wax melting point, hygroscopic rate decreases too, and achieves hygroscopic velocity controllable.
The formation sealing capacity of controllable-swelling plugging agent is evaluated by grit-bed and modified DL experiment apparatus. Resulting shows that controllable & swelling plugging agent could accommodate different size of aperture and fracture through elasticity. It will get better plugging effect to combine with rigidity bridge material.
引文
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