嵌入式数据库技术在煤矿井上监控系统的开发与应用
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摘要
近年来随着嵌入式系统的迅猛发展，在嵌入式系统中需要存储和管理的数据量也高速增长，一种全新的数据库产品——嵌入式数据库系统应运而生。嵌入式数据库是指支持某种特定计算模式的数据库管理系统，它通常与操作系统和具体应用集成在一起，运行在智能型嵌入式设备或实时应用环境中。和传统数据库相比，嵌入式数据库具有占用内存资源很少、系统开销较低、和应用紧密结合、系统健壮、伸缩性良好等特点，在数据库系统实现方面因而有自己的特色。
本文针对当前煤矿安全监测监控系统设备结构庞大、稳定性能较弱，难以适应矿井生产环境易于振动、多灰、潮湿、高温等恶劣条件的特点，提出了嵌入式系统技术在煤矿安全监测监控终端中的应用；并根据嵌入式系统存储资源少、计算能力弱等特点，研究了嵌入式数据库技术在煤矿井上监控系统中的开发与应用。
论文首先介绍了嵌入式系统的相关概念和软硬件环境，阐明煤矿井上监控终端的嵌入式系统需求和Windows CE嵌入式操作系统选择；接着，从嵌入式数据库的相关概念和煤矿井上监控终端的嵌入式数据库需求及特点出发，详细研究Berkeley DB数据库的关键技术特性以及在煤矿井上监控系统中的适用性，并介绍Berkeley DB数据库的基本概念和基本API函数操作。
在前述分析与讨论的基础上，论文结合“云南省煤矿联网安全监控管理系统”项目，开发设计了基于Berkeley DB数据库的煤矿井上监控系统。系统采用基于WindowsCE嵌入式操作系统和Berkeley DB嵌入式数据库的软件构架；使用Visual C++和Embedded Visual C++工具开发监控终端应用程序。设计分析了基于Berkeley DB数据库煤矿井上监控系统的总体结构和功能模块；阐述了主要功能模块的设计思想和程序实现，并深入讨论了系统的数据采集方法、数据库KEY／DATA对存储方案及实时／历史传感器数据的数据库查询策略。
在本文最后，作者对论文所作的研究内容进行了工作总结，同时指出了研究和程序设计的后续工作和尚且需要解决的关键问题。
In recent years, with the rapid development of embedded systems, the needs for storage and management of data in embedded system are also in high-speed growth, a new database product called embedded database system emerged. Embedded Database is a database management system to support a particular computing mode, it is usually integrated with operating systems and specific application, and works in intelligent embedded equipment or real-time operating environments. Compared to traditional database, embedded database has some features such as less memory resources occupation, lower system costs, closer integration with application, healthier system, better scalability, and so on. So, in realizing of the database system, embedded database has its own characteristics.
With the features of the present Mine Safety Monitoring System such as huge equipment structure, weak stability, difficult to adapt to vibrate production environment, gray, humid, high temperature and other adverse conditions, this paper has proposed the application of the Embedded System Technology in Mine Safety Monitoring and Control Terminal. And based on the characteristics of embedded hardware system such as lack of hardware storage resources, low operating speed, this paper has researched the development and application of Embedded Database Technology in Mine Monitoring System.
This paper first introduced the embedded system concept and the related hardware and software environment, clarified the embedded system needs of Mine Monitoring System and the choice of Windows CE embedded operating system. Then, from the related concept of embedded database and the embedded database needs of Mine Monitoring System, this paper deeply researched the key technical characteristics of Berkeley DB database and its applicability in Mine Monitoring System, and it introduced the basic concepts of Berkeley DB database and its basic API function operations.
On the basis of the above analysis and discussion, this paper combined the project of Yunnan Coal Mine Safety Monitoring network management system, designed the Mine Monitoring System based on Berkeley DB embedded database. The system adapted the software architecture of Windows CE embedded operating system and Berkeley DB embedded database, used Visual C++ and Embedded Visual C++ toolkits to develop Mine
Monitoring and Control Terminal software application. This design analyzed the overall structure and function modules of Mine Monitoring System based on Berkeley DB embedded database, clarified the design ideas of main function modules and realization of the program. Further more, this paper deeply discussed the system data acquisition method, database storage program of KEY/DATA pairs, and the database query strategy of real-time / historical sensor data.
At the end of this paper, I has done the work summary for the research of this paper, and pointed out the follow-up work of the design and the key issues to be resolved.
本文针对当前煤矿安全监测监控系统设备结构庞大、稳定性能较弱，难以适应矿井生产环境易于振动、多灰、潮湿、高温等恶劣条件的特点，提出了嵌入式系统技术在煤矿安全监测监控终端中的应用；并根据嵌入式系统存储资源少、计算能力弱等特点，研究了嵌入式数据库技术在煤矿井上监控系统中的开发与应用。
论文首先介绍了嵌入式系统的相关概念和软硬件环境，阐明煤矿井上监控终端的嵌入式系统需求和Windows CE嵌入式操作系统选择；接着，从嵌入式数据库的相关概念和煤矿井上监控终端的嵌入式数据库需求及特点出发，详细研究Berkeley DB数据库的关键技术特性以及在煤矿井上监控系统中的适用性，并介绍Berkeley DB数据库的基本概念和基本API函数操作。
在前述分析与讨论的基础上，论文结合“云南省煤矿联网安全监控管理系统”项目，开发设计了基于Berkeley DB数据库的煤矿井上监控系统。系统采用基于WindowsCE嵌入式操作系统和Berkeley DB嵌入式数据库的软件构架；使用Visual C++和Embedded Visual C++工具开发监控终端应用程序。设计分析了基于Berkeley DB数据库煤矿井上监控系统的总体结构和功能模块；阐述了主要功能模块的设计思想和程序实现，并深入讨论了系统的数据采集方法、数据库KEY／DATA对存储方案及实时／历史传感器数据的数据库查询策略。
在本文最后，作者对论文所作的研究内容进行了工作总结，同时指出了研究和程序设计的后续工作和尚且需要解决的关键问题。
In recent years, with the rapid development of embedded systems, the needs for storage and management of data in embedded system are also in high-speed growth, a new database product called embedded database system emerged. Embedded Database is a database management system to support a particular computing mode, it is usually integrated with operating systems and specific application, and works in intelligent embedded equipment or real-time operating environments. Compared to traditional database, embedded database has some features such as less memory resources occupation, lower system costs, closer integration with application, healthier system, better scalability, and so on. So, in realizing of the database system, embedded database has its own characteristics.
With the features of the present Mine Safety Monitoring System such as huge equipment structure, weak stability, difficult to adapt to vibrate production environment, gray, humid, high temperature and other adverse conditions, this paper has proposed the application of the Embedded System Technology in Mine Safety Monitoring and Control Terminal. And based on the characteristics of embedded hardware system such as lack of hardware storage resources, low operating speed, this paper has researched the development and application of Embedded Database Technology in Mine Monitoring System.
This paper first introduced the embedded system concept and the related hardware and software environment, clarified the embedded system needs of Mine Monitoring System and the choice of Windows CE embedded operating system. Then, from the related concept of embedded database and the embedded database needs of Mine Monitoring System, this paper deeply researched the key technical characteristics of Berkeley DB database and its applicability in Mine Monitoring System, and it introduced the basic concepts of Berkeley DB database and its basic API function operations.
On the basis of the above analysis and discussion, this paper combined the project of Yunnan Coal Mine Safety Monitoring network management system, designed the Mine Monitoring System based on Berkeley DB embedded database. The system adapted the software architecture of Windows CE embedded operating system and Berkeley DB embedded database, used Visual C++ and Embedded Visual C++ toolkits to develop Mine
Monitoring and Control Terminal software application. This design analyzed the overall structure and function modules of Mine Monitoring System based on Berkeley DB embedded database, clarified the design ideas of main function modules and realization of the program. Further more, this paper deeply discussed the system data acquisition method, database storage program of KEY/DATA pairs, and the database query strategy of real-time / historical sensor data.
At the end of this paper, I has done the work summary for the research of this paper, and pointed out the follow-up work of the design and the key issues to be resolved.
引文
[1] 熊江．嵌入式系统与普适计算，单片机与嵌入式系统应用．2003年第4期
[2] Kuramitsu, K., Tokuda, H., Materializing ubiquitous computing environments, Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2004. COMPSAC 2004. Proceedings of the 28th Annual International. 2004vol. 1
[3] 嵌入式数据库，Chi nese Byte，February／March 1999
[4] 林甲威，嵌入式数据库系统的研究和开发：[复旦大学硕士学位论文]．2004
[5] 丁蓉，嵌入式数据库技术研究：[西北工业大学硕士学位论文]．2002
[6] 卞长弘，宁培松，王晓滨，陈宪海，矿井监测监控系统综述，信息化．2005．7：62-63
[7] 胡欣杰，嵌入式系统应用研究，微计算机信息．1999年第15卷第6期：4-5
[8] 吴朝辉，纵谈嵌入式技术，微电脑世界．2000年第49期
[9] http://www.gliet.edu.cn，嵌入式系统的定义与发展历史．2005年9月
[10] 探矽工作室著，嵌入式系统开发圣经，中国青年出版社，北京．2002
[11] http://www.gkong.com/learn/learn-detail.asp?learn-id=50，嵌入式系统介绍
[12] 李静，嵌入式数据库在TPMS中的应用研究，合肥工业大学硕士学位论文．2006
[13] 田泽，嵌入式系统开发及应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，北京．2005．1
[14] 唐志敏，微处理器现状与展望，中国科学院计算技术研究所信息技术快报．2003年第1期
[15] 张雄伟 曹铁勇，DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第2版)，电子工业出版社，北京．2000．1
[16] 马忠梅，马广云，徐英慧，田泽，ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础，北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[17] 于海东，http://www.gongxue.cn/xuexishequ/ShowArticle.asp，嵌入式操作系统一览．中国机电一体化
[18] http://www.xxlinux.com/linux/article/development/embed，三种嵌入式操作系统的分析与比较．2006
[19] 周毓林，宁杨，陆贵强，付林林，windows CE．net内核定制及应用程序开发，电子工业出版社，北京．2005
[20] 李建中，日新月异的数据库研究领域-数据库技术的回顾与展望，计算机应用与 软件．2003年第11期
[21] Tesanovic, A., Ke Sheng, Hansson, J. Application-tailored database systems: a case of aspects in an embedded database. Database Engineering and Applications Symposium, 2004. IDEAS'04. Proceedings. International 7-9 July 2004
[22] 李东，曹忠升，冯玉才，王元珍，移动数据库技术研究综述，计算机应用研究．2000年第10期
[23] Ahamed, S.1, Vallecha, S. Component-based embedded database for mobile embedded systems. Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004International Conference on.Volume I, 2004
[24] 姚泽勤，一种传输产品中实时嵌入式数据库的研究：[西安电子科技大学硕士 学位论文]．2002
[25] 汪静，基于文件系统的嵌入式数据库的设计和实现-EDB的设计和实现：[电子科技大学硕士学位论文]．2002
[26] 毛敏华，移动数据库研究和实验系统设计：[浙江大学硕士学位论文]．2002
[27] S. Ortiz. Embedded Databases Come Out of Hiding. IEEE Computer, 2002, 33(3)
[28] 刘巍巍，面向工业控制的嵌入式数据库研究：[湖南大学硕士学位论文]．2005
[29] http://www.resortdata.com/PervasiveSales/Pervasive.htm , Pervasive Software-Overview and Purchase.
[30] http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/120878，Timesten系统剖析—Timesten体系结构
[31] 王京谦，万莅新，开源嵌入式数据库Berkeley DB和SQLite的比较，单片机与嵌入式应用．2004年第6期
[32] http://databaseadmin.itpub.net/post/20809/146585/，Berkeley DB概述
[33] 谭文虎，基于嵌入式数据库的NAS管理系统：[华中师范大学硕士学位论文]．2003
[34] 张涛，嵌入式实时数据库关键技术研究与实现：[电子科技大学硕士学位论文]．2005
[35] 杨庆武，基于嵌入式数据库的邮政营销系统设计与实现：[北京航空航天大学硕士学位论文]．2004
[36] 肖文鹏，开源的嵌入式数据库—Berkeley DB，开放系统世界．2004．2[33]
[37] 刘巍巍，徐成，李仁发，嵌入式数据库Berkeley DB的原理与应用，科学技术 与工程．2005．1
[38] http://searchdatabase.techtarget.com.cn/373/1932373.shtml，Berkeley DB开源嵌入式数据库测评报告
[39] http://www.sleepycat.com/download/oslicense.html，BerkeleyDB用户手册．pdf
[40] 杨文龙，姚淑珍，软件工程，电子工业出版社，北京．1997．11
[41] http://www.cppblog.com/erran/archive/2006/05/30/7908.html，Windows CE 下ActiveX控件的使用
[42] 汪兵，李存斌，陈鹏等，EVC高级编程及其应用开发，中国水利水电出版社．2005．3
[2] Kuramitsu, K., Tokuda, H., Materializing ubiquitous computing environments, Computer Software and Applications Conference, 2004. COMPSAC 2004. Proceedings of the 28th Annual International. 2004vol. 1
[3] 嵌入式数据库，Chi nese Byte，February／March 1999
[4] 林甲威，嵌入式数据库系统的研究和开发：[复旦大学硕士学位论文]．2004
[5] 丁蓉，嵌入式数据库技术研究：[西北工业大学硕士学位论文]．2002
[6] 卞长弘，宁培松，王晓滨，陈宪海，矿井监测监控系统综述，信息化．2005．7：62-63
[7] 胡欣杰，嵌入式系统应用研究，微计算机信息．1999年第15卷第6期：4-5
[8] 吴朝辉，纵谈嵌入式技术，微电脑世界．2000年第49期
[9] http://www.gliet.edu.cn，嵌入式系统的定义与发展历史．2005年9月
[10] 探矽工作室著，嵌入式系统开发圣经，中国青年出版社，北京．2002
[11] http://www.gkong.com/learn/learn-detail.asp?learn-id=50，嵌入式系统介绍
[12] 李静，嵌入式数据库在TPMS中的应用研究，合肥工业大学硕士学位论文．2006
[13] 田泽，嵌入式系统开发及应用，北京航空航天大学出版社，北京．2005．1
[14] 唐志敏，微处理器现状与展望，中国科学院计算技术研究所信息技术快报．2003年第1期
[15] 张雄伟 曹铁勇，DSP芯片的原理与开发应用(第2版)，电子工业出版社，北京．2000．1
[16] 马忠梅，马广云，徐英慧，田泽，ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础，北京：北京航空航天大学出版社，2002
[17] 于海东，http://www.gongxue.cn/xuexishequ/ShowArticle.asp，嵌入式操作系统一览．中国机电一体化
[18] http://www.xxlinux.com/linux/article/development/embed，三种嵌入式操作系统的分析与比较．2006
[19] 周毓林，宁杨，陆贵强，付林林，windows CE．net内核定制及应用程序开发，电子工业出版社，北京．2005
[20] 李建中，日新月异的数据库研究领域-数据库技术的回顾与展望，计算机应用与 软件．2003年第11期
[21] Tesanovic, A., Ke Sheng, Hansson, J. Application-tailored database systems: a case of aspects in an embedded database. Database Engineering and Applications Symposium, 2004. IDEAS'04. Proceedings. International 7-9 July 2004
[22] 李东，曹忠升，冯玉才，王元珍，移动数据库技术研究综述，计算机应用研究．2000年第10期
[23] Ahamed, S.1, Vallecha, S. Component-based embedded database for mobile embedded systems. Information Technology: Coding and Computing, 2004. Proceedings. ITCC 2004International Conference on.Volume I, 2004
[24] 姚泽勤，一种传输产品中实时嵌入式数据库的研究：[西安电子科技大学硕士 学位论文]．2002
[25] 汪静，基于文件系统的嵌入式数据库的设计和实现-EDB的设计和实现：[电子科技大学硕士学位论文]．2002
[26] 毛敏华，移动数据库研究和实验系统设计：[浙江大学硕士学位论文]．2002
[27] S. Ortiz. Embedded Databases Come Out of Hiding. IEEE Computer, 2002, 33(3)
[28] 刘巍巍，面向工业控制的嵌入式数据库研究：[湖南大学硕士学位论文]．2005
[29] http://www.resortdata.com/PervasiveSales/Pervasive.htm , Pervasive Software-Overview and Purchase.
[30] http://yangtingkun.itpub.net/post/468/120878，Timesten系统剖析—Timesten体系结构
[31] 王京谦，万莅新，开源嵌入式数据库Berkeley DB和SQLite的比较，单片机与嵌入式应用．2004年第6期
[32] http://databaseadmin.itpub.net/post/20809/146585/，Berkeley DB概述
[33] 谭文虎，基于嵌入式数据库的NAS管理系统：[华中师范大学硕士学位论文]．2003
[34] 张涛，嵌入式实时数据库关键技术研究与实现：[电子科技大学硕士学位论文]．2005
[35] 杨庆武，基于嵌入式数据库的邮政营销系统设计与实现：[北京航空航天大学硕士学位论文]．2004
[36] 肖文鹏，开源的嵌入式数据库—Berkeley DB，开放系统世界．2004．2[33]
[37] 刘巍巍，徐成，李仁发，嵌入式数据库Berkeley DB的原理与应用，科学技术 与工程．2005．1
[38] http://searchdatabase.techtarget.com.cn/373/1932373.shtml，Berkeley DB开源嵌入式数据库测评报告
[39] http://www.sleepycat.com/download/oslicense.html，BerkeleyDB用户手册．pdf
[40] 杨文龙，姚淑珍，软件工程，电子工业出版社，北京．1997．11
[41] http://www.cppblog.com/erran/archive/2006/05/30/7908.html，Windows CE 下ActiveX控件的使用
[42] 汪兵，李存斌，陈鹏等，EVC高级编程及其应用开发，中国水利水电出版社．2005．3