哈尔滨城市空间增长边界设定研究
摘要
随着我国城市化进程的加快,城市经济在不断发展的同时,也带来城市空间的无序扩张。城市空间无序扩张不仅占用了城市周边大量的优质农田和生态绿地,危及国家粮食安全和城市生态安全,而且还可能导致城市空间结构混乱,降低城市运行效率。哈尔滨作为我国的特大城市之一,20世纪90年代以来城市空间扩张速度明显加快,并且带来了一系列的问题。
论文首先从城市空间增长边界(Urban Growth Boundaries,简称UGBs)的研究背景入手,阐述了研究目的和意义,梳理了UGBs的国内外研究现状,明确了UGBs的概念和研究范围。其次,论文对增长管理思想、精明增长思想与新城市主义、城市规模预测方法、城市建设用地适应性评价方法、城市空间扩展模式等基础理论进行了初步研究;通过“两规”(土地利用总体规划与城市总体规划)协调、UGBs与“两规”的关系探讨了UGBs在我国的适用性;并通过国内外的相关实践解析,明确了UGBs设定中要注意的问题。然后,论文在介绍哈尔滨城市概况的基础上,探讨了哈尔滨城市空间增长边界的构成;研究了哈尔滨城市空间扩张的动力机制,分析了哈尔滨城市空间增长边界设定的影响因素,主要包括:区域发展、自然条件、经济发展、政策导向、空间演变、交通条件。最后,论文构建了哈尔滨城市空间增长边界设定的完整框架,并初步划定哈尔滨的UGBs,提出UGBs的实施管理策略,为哈尔滨的城市空间增长管理提供一种有效的途径。
With the accelerated process of urbanization in China, urban economy is growing, and urban space is sprawling. Urban sprawling not only occupies a large number of high-quality farmland and eco-green land around city, but also endangers national food security and ecological security. Even more, it may also lead urban spatial structure to confusion and reduces the efficiency of the city. Since 1990s, as one of China's mega-cities, Harbin has significantly accelerated the expansion of urban space, and urban sprawling was evident.
Firstly, starting from the research background of UGBs, the paper explained the purpose and significance of the study, combed the present studies of UGBs, and defined the concept and scope of the study. Secondly, the paper preliminarily studies the Growth Management Ideas, Smart Growth and New Urbanism, prediction of the urban scale, evaluation method urban construction land adaptability, and models of urban expansion. Through analyzing the "Two Rules" (Land Use Planning and Urban Planning) coordination and relationships between UGBs and the "Two Rules", the paper explored applicability of UGBs in China, and cleared which problems we must pay attention to about UGBs setting through analyzing the relevant international practices. Based on introducing the profiles of Harbin, the paper explored constitutes of UGBs. Then, it studied the dynamic mechanism of Harbin urban spatial expansion and analyzed the factors of setting Harbin’UGBs including: natural conditions, economic development, policy guidance, spatial evolution of traffic conditions. Finally, the paper constructed a complete framework of setting Harbin UGBs, and proposed the implementation strategies of Harbin’UGBs to provide an effective way of Harbin city space growth management.
论文首先从城市空间增长边界(Urban Growth Boundaries,简称UGBs)的研究背景入手,阐述了研究目的和意义,梳理了UGBs的国内外研究现状,明确了UGBs的概念和研究范围。其次,论文对增长管理思想、精明增长思想与新城市主义、城市规模预测方法、城市建设用地适应性评价方法、城市空间扩展模式等基础理论进行了初步研究;通过“两规”(土地利用总体规划与城市总体规划)协调、UGBs与“两规”的关系探讨了UGBs在我国的适用性;并通过国内外的相关实践解析,明确了UGBs设定中要注意的问题。然后,论文在介绍哈尔滨城市概况的基础上,探讨了哈尔滨城市空间增长边界的构成;研究了哈尔滨城市空间扩张的动力机制,分析了哈尔滨城市空间增长边界设定的影响因素,主要包括:区域发展、自然条件、经济发展、政策导向、空间演变、交通条件。最后,论文构建了哈尔滨城市空间增长边界设定的完整框架,并初步划定哈尔滨的UGBs,提出UGBs的实施管理策略,为哈尔滨的城市空间增长管理提供一种有效的途径。
With the accelerated process of urbanization in China, urban economy is growing, and urban space is sprawling. Urban sprawling not only occupies a large number of high-quality farmland and eco-green land around city, but also endangers national food security and ecological security. Even more, it may also lead urban spatial structure to confusion and reduces the efficiency of the city. Since 1990s, as one of China's mega-cities, Harbin has significantly accelerated the expansion of urban space, and urban sprawling was evident.
Firstly, starting from the research background of UGBs, the paper explained the purpose and significance of the study, combed the present studies of UGBs, and defined the concept and scope of the study. Secondly, the paper preliminarily studies the Growth Management Ideas, Smart Growth and New Urbanism, prediction of the urban scale, evaluation method urban construction land adaptability, and models of urban expansion. Through analyzing the "Two Rules" (Land Use Planning and Urban Planning) coordination and relationships between UGBs and the "Two Rules", the paper explored applicability of UGBs in China, and cleared which problems we must pay attention to about UGBs setting through analyzing the relevant international practices. Based on introducing the profiles of Harbin, the paper explored constitutes of UGBs. Then, it studied the dynamic mechanism of Harbin urban spatial expansion and analyzed the factors of setting Harbin’UGBs including: natural conditions, economic development, policy guidance, spatial evolution of traffic conditions. Finally, the paper constructed a complete framework of setting Harbin UGBs, and proposed the implementation strategies of Harbin’UGBs to provide an effective way of Harbin city space growth management.
引文
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2黄明华,田晓晴.关于新版《城市规划编制办法》中城市增长边界的思考.规划师. 2008, 24(6): 13~15
3王峰.我国城市空间增长边界设定研究初探.西安建筑科技大学硕士论文. 2009: 1~3, 8~10, 21
4冯科,吴次芳.城市增长边界理论探讨与应用.经济地理. 2008, (3): 425~428
5 Faisal A Mubarak. Urban Growth Boundary Policy and Residential Suburbanization: Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Habitat International, 2004, (4): 125~129
6丁成日,宋彦, [美]Gerrit Knaap,黄艳.城市规划与空间结构——城市可持续发展战略.中国建筑工业出版社, 2005: 140~147
7 [澳]凯文·奥康纳.墨尔本大都市区战略规划的历史经验和现行实践.国际城市规划. 2008 (5): 3~10
8 WHITELAW W E. Measuring the effects of public policies on the price of urban land. In: J TBLACK, J E HOBEN. Urban Land Markets: Price Indexes, Supply Measures, and Public Policy Effects, ed. Research Report. Washington DC: Urban Land Institute, 1980: 12~13
9 KNAAP G J. The price effects of an urban growth boundary: a test for the effects of timing. Ph. D. diss. University of Oregon, 1982: 32~34
10 NELSON A C. Using land markets to evaluate urban containment programs. Journal of the American Planning Association. 1986, 52(2): 156~171
11 LIN ROBINSON, JOSHUA P. eta1. Twenty-five years of sprawl in the Seattle region: growth management responses and implications for conservation W. Landscape and Urban Planning. 2005, (1): 51~72
12 Avin, Uri. Right-sizing Urban Growth Boundaries. Planning Practice. 2003, 22(2): 22-27
13 Myung-Jin Jun. The Effects of Portland's Urban Growth Boundary on Housing Prices. Journal of the American Planning Association. 2006, (4): 239~243
14 Carl Abbott, Joy Margheim. Imagining Portland’s Urban Growth Boundary: Planning Regulation as Cultural Icon. Press of Portland State University. 2008:4~8
15刘海龙.从无序蔓延到精明增长——美国“城市增长边界”概念述评.城市问题. 2005, (3): 67~72
16李景刚,欧名豪,张全景,张效军.城市理性发展理念对中国土里利用规划的启示.中国土地科学. 2005, 19(4): 56~60
17关涛,宗晓杰.经营城市土地若干问题的战略思考,城市规划. 2005, 29(4): 52~55
18苏建忠,魏清泉,郭恒亮.广州市蔓延机理与调控.地理学报. 2005, 60(4): 626~636
19段德罡,卢守义,田涛.城市空间增长边界(UGB)体系构建初探.规划师. 2009, 25(8): 11~15
20黄明华,高峰.中国城市发展特征视角下的城市生长边界研究.生态文明视角下的城乡规划. 2008中国城市规划年会论文集.北京:中国城市规划学会. 2008: 233~237
21黄埔玥,张京祥,陆枭麟.当前中国城市空间增长管理体系及其重构建议.规划师. 2009, 25(8): 5~10
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