棉花幼苗γ-氨基丁酸代谢及对干旱胁迫的响应
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摘要
干旱缺水对作物生产造成的危害超过了其他非生物因子胁迫的总和，因此，提高作物抗旱性已成为干旱缺水地区农业可持续发展急需解决的关键问题。新疆是我国典型的干旱区，棉花是新疆最重要的经济作物，研究棉花适应干旱逆境的能力，探讨棉花抗逆生理生态机制，培育耐旱品种，已成为新疆现代植棉业迫切需要解决的重要问题。
植物体内糖代谢途径主要是通过糖酵解和三羧酸循环（TCA）进行，γ–氨基丁酸（GABA）支路和TCA循环密不可分。GABA支路对C/N分配和氨基酸代谢具有一个中心调节作用。植物中GABA被认为是一种信号传导分子，在生物和非生物逆境胁迫条件下，植物会迅速积累大量GABA。外源GABA具有缓解植物非生物胁迫的作用。所以，研究棉花幼苗GABA代谢对干旱胁迫的响应，了解棉花对干旱胁迫下的氮代谢过程，对生产中调控棉花碳氮代谢，实现棉花高产很有必要。本试验采用土培和水培的方式，在人工气候室条件下，研究抗旱性不同的2个棉花幼苗品种GABA代谢对干旱胁迫的响应，研究结果如下：
1.在持续干旱胁迫下，新陆早7号（耐旱品种）和新陆早24号（不耐旱品种）的叶水势、叶片相对含水量、根系含水量和根系活力逐渐下降，在胁迫5d降到最低，与同期处理的对照组相比较，差异达到显著水平（p<0.05）。谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）活性在处理4d达到最大值，5d及复水后随之下降；GABA含量随着干旱胁迫天数的增加而增加，在胁迫5d上升到最大值，此时新陆早7号和新陆早24号叶片GABA含量分别比对照增加290.56%和200.31%；根系GABA含量分别比对照增加320.63%和243.81%；叶片GABA转氨酶（GABA-T）活性在胁迫前期高，随着胁迫时间的延长而下降，在胁迫3d较对照显著降低，5d下降到最低。2个品种根系的GABA-T活性变化趋势和叶片相似。复水后，2个品种叶片和根系GAD活性、GABA-T活性、GABA含量均有所恢复，其中新陆早7号比新陆早24号恢复速度快，说明耐旱型棉花品种具有较强的恢复能力。
2.棉花叶片和根系中至少存在3种内肽酶，即巯基蛋白酶、丝氨酸蛋白酶及金属蛋白酶。其中最活跃的是巯基蛋白酶。外源GABA能够显著降低棉花叶片和根系的内肽酶活性。
3.Ca(NO_3)_2、W7和TFP对棉花幼苗处理组，不同有机酸和氨基酸对棉花幼苗处理GAD活性的作用效果表现为：-1.0MPa PEG处理使棉花叶片GAD活性显著降低，10mM Ca(NO_3)_2处理使棉花叶片GAD活性显著高于对照；在-1.0MPaPEG+100mMW7+10mMCa(NO_3)_2处理下，棉花叶片GAD活性显著低于对照，证明W7对GAD活性的抑制效果最显著；在5mM谷氨酸、5mM丙氨酸、5mM甘氨酸、5mM天门冬氨酸和5mM铵离子处理组，以谷氨酸处理的棉花叶片GAD活性最高，其他氨基酸处理GAD活性略低于对照，铵离子处理的GAD活性最低；在10mM丁酸、10mM柠檬酸、10mM苹果酸和100mM草酸处理组，棉花叶片GAD活性均高于对照，GAD活性变化顺序是草酸>柠檬酸>苹果酸>丁酸。棉花叶片中的草酸含量虽然远远高于其他有机酸，但对GAD活性影响不如苹果酸和柠檬酸显著。在钙试剂和氨基酸处理组棉花根系中GAD活性和GABA含量变化趋势和棉花叶片变化趋势相似，所不同的是变化幅度降低缓慢。
4.在-0.5MPa、-1.0MPa和-1.5MPa三种水势的PEG溶液胁迫下，棉花叶片腐胺（Put）、亚精胺（Spd）和精胺（Spm）含量均随着胁迫水势的降低而增加，增加量的幅度大小为Put> Spd> Spm，且抗旱品种新陆早7号增加的幅度大于不抗旱品种新陆早24号。在-1.5MPa水势的PEG溶液胁迫下，Put的含量上升最显著，Spd次之，Spm变化幅度最小；在加入二胺氧化酶（DAO）活性抑制剂氨基胍（AG）后，棉花叶片Put、Spd和精胺Spm含量都随着胁迫水势的降低而略有上升，上升幅度最大的也是Put。Spd次之。Spm变化幅度最小；在-0.5MPa、-1.0MPa和-1.5MPa PEG溶液胁迫下，棉花叶片DAO活性在-1.0MPa时最高，在-0.5MPa最低。加入AG后，棉花叶片DAO活性几乎完全被抑制；在-1.5MPaPEG溶液胁迫下，GABA含量最高，-1.0MPa PEG溶液胁迫下的棉花叶片GABA含量次之，-0.5MPa PEG溶液胁迫下的棉花叶片GABA含量最低。
在三种水势PEG胁迫下，棉花根系的Put、Spd、Spm、GABA含量、DAO活性变化与相同水势PEG胁迫下的叶片变化基本相似，不同的是Put、Spd、Spm和GABA含量比叶片低的多，DAO活性则略低于叶片。-1.0MPa PEG溶液胁迫下的棉花叶片和根系的多胺降解途径可提供30%到40%GABA形成。
5.在持续干旱胁迫及复水条件下，新陆早7号和新陆早24号叶片和根系氮代谢关键酶活性、可溶性蛋白质含量、总氮含量、纯氮含量和游离氨基酸含量发生了较大的变化。具体表现为：在干旱胁迫下，2个品种叶片含水量逐渐降低，其中新陆早7号下降较为明显；与对照正常供水相比，新陆早7号和新陆早24号叶片和根系谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性和硝酸还原酶（NR）活性都比对照显著降低。叶片和根系内肽酶活性、谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）活性都比对照显著增加。可溶性蛋白质含量、总氮含量和铵离子含量也都比对照显著增加；持续干旱胁迫增加了2个品种叶片和根系游离氨基酸含量，新陆早7号在胁迫前期游离氨基酸含量增加慢，后期增加快，新陆早24号游离氨基酸含量的变化趋势与新陆早7号相反。复水后，新陆早7号叶片和根系含水量和硝酸还原酶活性及谷酰胺合成酶活性恢复较快，谷氨酸脱氢酶活性和内肽酶活性与游离氨基酸、铵离子、可溶性蛋白质和总氮含量下降的速度也较新陆早24号快。2个品种棉花幼苗的GABA含量与谷氨酸、脯氨酸、总游离氨基酸含量存在显著或极显著相关关系。
Drought influence crop production greatly more than the sum of other stress factors. Therefore,improving crop drought resistance has become a critical issue of agricultural sustainable development inarid areas. Xinjiang is a typical arid area in China and cotton is the most important economic crops in thisarea. Research on the ability to adapt to drought stress in cotton, discuss physiological and ecologicalmechanism in drought resistance and cultivate varieties which are drought resistant, these have becomethe urgent question to resolve in Xinjiang.
The metabolism of sugar mainly through glycolysis and the TCA cycle in plants. Gamma aminobutyricacid (GABA) branch is closely linked to TCA cycle. The GABA branch has a central control role in C/Ndistribution and amino acid metabolism GABA is considered to be a signaling molecule in plant. Underbiotic and abiotic stress conditions, plants will accumulate a large number of GABA rapidly. ExogenousGABA can weak the plant abiotic stress. Hence, it is necessary to study GABA metabolism in cottonseedlings response to drought stress, it will help us understand the nitrogen metabolism and improve cottonproduction under drought stress. In this experiment, we studied the response of two cotton varietiesseedlings with different drought stress under soil culture and hydroponics in artificial climate chamber.Some results as follows:
1. Under sustaining drought stress,"Xinluzao No.7(drought-resistant variety)" and "Xinluzao No.24"(sensitive to variety) leaf water potential, the relative water content of leaves, roots water content andactivity decreased gradually. After5d treatment, it decreased to lowest level, compared with the controlgroup, the difference reached a significant level. The activity of glutamic decarboxylase (GAD) reachedthe maximum value after4d treatment, but it decreased after5d treatment and re-watering. With theextension of drought stress time, the content of GABA increased, and reached to maximum after5d stress.The GABA content increased by290.56%and200.31%in "Xinluzao No.7" and "Xinluzao No.24" leaves,respectively; and in roots, GABA content increased by320.63%and243.81%. Leaf GABA-T has higheractivity in the early stress period, but it decreased with the stress time prolonged in "Xinluzao No.7" and"Xinluzao No.24". Compared with the control, the3d decreased significantly and5d reached the lowestlevel. GABA-T activity of roots and leaves had the similar trend in two varieties. After re-watering, theGAD activity, GABA-T activity and GABA content recover in leaves and roots of two varieties, but"Xinluzao No.7" was recover faster than "Xinluzao No.24". It was suggested that drought-tolerant speciescotton has stronger recover ability.
2. There are at least3kinds of endopeptidase in cotton leaves and roots, namely the thiol protease,serine protease and metalloprotease. The thiol protease is most active among them. Exogenous GABA candecrease significant endopeptidase activity in cotton leaves and roots.
3. The results of GAD activity are as follows after treated by Ca(NO_3)_2、W7、TFP and different organicacid and amino acid:
Under-1.0MPa PEG treatment, GAD activity increased significantly in cotton leaves. But under10M Ca(NO_3)_2treatment, GAD activity was lower than the control in cotton leaf. Under-1.0MPaPEG+100mMW7+10M Ca(NO_3)_2treatment, GAD activity was significantly higher than that of control incotton leaf, which suggested that GAD activity was restrained obvious under W7treatment. For5mMalanine,5mM glycine,5mM glutamic acid,5mM aspartic acid and5mM ammonium ion treatment, GADactivity of cotton leaves reached to the highest under alanine treatment. GAD activity was slightly lowerthan that of control under other amino acids treatment. Under5mM ammonium ion treatment, GAD activity of cotton leaves was the lowest. For10mM butyric acid、citric acid、malic acid and oxalic acidtreatment, GAD activity of cotton leaf was slightly higher than that of control, oxailc acid> citric acid>malic acid> butyric acid. The activity of GAD and GABA content in cotton roots has the similar trendswith leaves under Ca(NO_3)_2、 W7、TFP、different amino acid treatment,but which reduced slowly.
4. Under-0.5MPa,-1.0MPa and-1.5MPa water stress conditions, putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd)and spermine (Spm) contents in cotton leaf increased with decreasing stress potential, among them Put>Spd> Spm. The increase range of "Xinluzao No.7" is higher than "Xinluzao No.24". Under-1.5MPaPEG water stress condition, Put content increased significantly, Spd and Spm changed slightly. Afteradding aminoguanidine (AG), which was DAO activity inhibitor, Put, Spd and spermine Spm contentincotton leaf increased slightly with the decrease of water potential, the most change extent is Put, then Spd,and Spm changed slightly. DAO activity was highest under-1.0MPa, but lowest under-0.5MPa stress.After joining the AG,DAO activity in cotton leaf was almost completely inhibited. Under-1.5MPa PEGstress, GABA content reached the highest and it was the lowest under-0.5MPa PEG stress.
Under three kinds of PEG potential stress, Put, Spd, Spm, DAO activity and GABA content in cottonroots are similar trend with leaves. But the Put, Spd, Spm and GABA content was much lower than theleaves, and DAO activity was slightly lower than the leaves. The polymine degradation pathway canprovide30%to40%GABA product under-1.0MPaPEG stress both in cotton leaves and roots.
5. Under the continuous drought stress and re-watering, nitrogen metabolism key enzyme activity,soluble protein, total nitrogen, pure nitrogen and free amino acid content major for "Xinluzao No.7" and"Xinluzao No.24" leaves and roots. Under PEG stress, two varieties leaves water content decreasedgradually,"Xinluzao No.7" decreased more obviously;Compared with the control water condition,glutamine synthetase (GS) activity and nitrate reduction enzyme (NR) activity in leaves and rootsdecreased significantly in "Xinluzao No.7" and "Xinluzao No.24",The endopeptidase activity, glutamatedehydrogenase (GDH) activity of leaves and roots increased markedly. The content of soluble protein, totalnitrogen and ammonium ion content also increased markedly than that of control. In addition, free aminoacid content increased under continuous water stress in leaves and roots for two varieties of cotton. Freeamino acid content of "Xinluzao No.7" increased slowly in the early stage under stress and then increasedquickly. Free amino acids change trend of " Xinluzao No.24" was opposite to " Xinluzao No.7". Afterre-watering, water content, activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity recover faster for"Xinluzao No.7" roots and leaves. Glutamate dehydrogenase activity, endopeptidase activity, free aminoacid, ammonium ion, soluble protein and total nitrogen content decreased faster than the "Xinluzao No.24". The correlation analysis showed that the GABA content of cotton seedling was significantly orextremely significantly related to glutamic acid, proline and total amino acid content.
植物体内糖代谢途径主要是通过糖酵解和三羧酸循环（TCA）进行，γ–氨基丁酸（GABA）支路和TCA循环密不可分。GABA支路对C/N分配和氨基酸代谢具有一个中心调节作用。植物中GABA被认为是一种信号传导分子，在生物和非生物逆境胁迫条件下，植物会迅速积累大量GABA。外源GABA具有缓解植物非生物胁迫的作用。所以，研究棉花幼苗GABA代谢对干旱胁迫的响应，了解棉花对干旱胁迫下的氮代谢过程，对生产中调控棉花碳氮代谢，实现棉花高产很有必要。本试验采用土培和水培的方式，在人工气候室条件下，研究抗旱性不同的2个棉花幼苗品种GABA代谢对干旱胁迫的响应，研究结果如下：
1.在持续干旱胁迫下，新陆早7号（耐旱品种）和新陆早24号（不耐旱品种）的叶水势、叶片相对含水量、根系含水量和根系活力逐渐下降，在胁迫5d降到最低，与同期处理的对照组相比较，差异达到显著水平（p<0.05）。谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）活性在处理4d达到最大值，5d及复水后随之下降；GABA含量随着干旱胁迫天数的增加而增加，在胁迫5d上升到最大值，此时新陆早7号和新陆早24号叶片GABA含量分别比对照增加290.56%和200.31%；根系GABA含量分别比对照增加320.63%和243.81%；叶片GABA转氨酶（GABA-T）活性在胁迫前期高，随着胁迫时间的延长而下降，在胁迫3d较对照显著降低，5d下降到最低。2个品种根系的GABA-T活性变化趋势和叶片相似。复水后，2个品种叶片和根系GAD活性、GABA-T活性、GABA含量均有所恢复，其中新陆早7号比新陆早24号恢复速度快，说明耐旱型棉花品种具有较强的恢复能力。
2.棉花叶片和根系中至少存在3种内肽酶，即巯基蛋白酶、丝氨酸蛋白酶及金属蛋白酶。其中最活跃的是巯基蛋白酶。外源GABA能够显著降低棉花叶片和根系的内肽酶活性。
3.Ca(NO_3)_2、W7和TFP对棉花幼苗处理组，不同有机酸和氨基酸对棉花幼苗处理GAD活性的作用效果表现为：-1.0MPa PEG处理使棉花叶片GAD活性显著降低，10mM Ca(NO_3)_2处理使棉花叶片GAD活性显著高于对照；在-1.0MPaPEG+100mMW7+10mMCa(NO_3)_2处理下，棉花叶片GAD活性显著低于对照，证明W7对GAD活性的抑制效果最显著；在5mM谷氨酸、5mM丙氨酸、5mM甘氨酸、5mM天门冬氨酸和5mM铵离子处理组，以谷氨酸处理的棉花叶片GAD活性最高，其他氨基酸处理GAD活性略低于对照，铵离子处理的GAD活性最低；在10mM丁酸、10mM柠檬酸、10mM苹果酸和100mM草酸处理组，棉花叶片GAD活性均高于对照，GAD活性变化顺序是草酸>柠檬酸>苹果酸>丁酸。棉花叶片中的草酸含量虽然远远高于其他有机酸，但对GAD活性影响不如苹果酸和柠檬酸显著。在钙试剂和氨基酸处理组棉花根系中GAD活性和GABA含量变化趋势和棉花叶片变化趋势相似，所不同的是变化幅度降低缓慢。
4.在-0.5MPa、-1.0MPa和-1.5MPa三种水势的PEG溶液胁迫下，棉花叶片腐胺（Put）、亚精胺（Spd）和精胺（Spm）含量均随着胁迫水势的降低而增加，增加量的幅度大小为Put> Spd> Spm，且抗旱品种新陆早7号增加的幅度大于不抗旱品种新陆早24号。在-1.5MPa水势的PEG溶液胁迫下，Put的含量上升最显著，Spd次之，Spm变化幅度最小；在加入二胺氧化酶（DAO）活性抑制剂氨基胍（AG）后，棉花叶片Put、Spd和精胺Spm含量都随着胁迫水势的降低而略有上升，上升幅度最大的也是Put。Spd次之。Spm变化幅度最小；在-0.5MPa、-1.0MPa和-1.5MPa PEG溶液胁迫下，棉花叶片DAO活性在-1.0MPa时最高，在-0.5MPa最低。加入AG后，棉花叶片DAO活性几乎完全被抑制；在-1.5MPaPEG溶液胁迫下，GABA含量最高，-1.0MPa PEG溶液胁迫下的棉花叶片GABA含量次之，-0.5MPa PEG溶液胁迫下的棉花叶片GABA含量最低。
在三种水势PEG胁迫下，棉花根系的Put、Spd、Spm、GABA含量、DAO活性变化与相同水势PEG胁迫下的叶片变化基本相似，不同的是Put、Spd、Spm和GABA含量比叶片低的多，DAO活性则略低于叶片。-1.0MPa PEG溶液胁迫下的棉花叶片和根系的多胺降解途径可提供30%到40%GABA形成。
5.在持续干旱胁迫及复水条件下，新陆早7号和新陆早24号叶片和根系氮代谢关键酶活性、可溶性蛋白质含量、总氮含量、纯氮含量和游离氨基酸含量发生了较大的变化。具体表现为：在干旱胁迫下，2个品种叶片含水量逐渐降低，其中新陆早7号下降较为明显；与对照正常供水相比，新陆早7号和新陆早24号叶片和根系谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性和硝酸还原酶（NR）活性都比对照显著降低。叶片和根系内肽酶活性、谷氨酸脱氢酶（GDH）活性都比对照显著增加。可溶性蛋白质含量、总氮含量和铵离子含量也都比对照显著增加；持续干旱胁迫增加了2个品种叶片和根系游离氨基酸含量，新陆早7号在胁迫前期游离氨基酸含量增加慢，后期增加快，新陆早24号游离氨基酸含量的变化趋势与新陆早7号相反。复水后，新陆早7号叶片和根系含水量和硝酸还原酶活性及谷酰胺合成酶活性恢复较快，谷氨酸脱氢酶活性和内肽酶活性与游离氨基酸、铵离子、可溶性蛋白质和总氮含量下降的速度也较新陆早24号快。2个品种棉花幼苗的GABA含量与谷氨酸、脯氨酸、总游离氨基酸含量存在显著或极显著相关关系。
Drought influence crop production greatly more than the sum of other stress factors. Therefore,improving crop drought resistance has become a critical issue of agricultural sustainable development inarid areas. Xinjiang is a typical arid area in China and cotton is the most important economic crops in thisarea. Research on the ability to adapt to drought stress in cotton, discuss physiological and ecologicalmechanism in drought resistance and cultivate varieties which are drought resistant, these have becomethe urgent question to resolve in Xinjiang.
The metabolism of sugar mainly through glycolysis and the TCA cycle in plants. Gamma aminobutyricacid (GABA) branch is closely linked to TCA cycle. The GABA branch has a central control role in C/Ndistribution and amino acid metabolism GABA is considered to be a signaling molecule in plant. Underbiotic and abiotic stress conditions, plants will accumulate a large number of GABA rapidly. ExogenousGABA can weak the plant abiotic stress. Hence, it is necessary to study GABA metabolism in cottonseedlings response to drought stress, it will help us understand the nitrogen metabolism and improve cottonproduction under drought stress. In this experiment, we studied the response of two cotton varietiesseedlings with different drought stress under soil culture and hydroponics in artificial climate chamber.Some results as follows:
1. Under sustaining drought stress,"Xinluzao No.7(drought-resistant variety)" and "Xinluzao No.24"(sensitive to variety) leaf water potential, the relative water content of leaves, roots water content andactivity decreased gradually. After5d treatment, it decreased to lowest level, compared with the controlgroup, the difference reached a significant level. The activity of glutamic decarboxylase (GAD) reachedthe maximum value after4d treatment, but it decreased after5d treatment and re-watering. With theextension of drought stress time, the content of GABA increased, and reached to maximum after5d stress.The GABA content increased by290.56%and200.31%in "Xinluzao No.7" and "Xinluzao No.24" leaves,respectively; and in roots, GABA content increased by320.63%and243.81%. Leaf GABA-T has higheractivity in the early stress period, but it decreased with the stress time prolonged in "Xinluzao No.7" and"Xinluzao No.24". Compared with the control, the3d decreased significantly and5d reached the lowestlevel. GABA-T activity of roots and leaves had the similar trend in two varieties. After re-watering, theGAD activity, GABA-T activity and GABA content recover in leaves and roots of two varieties, but"Xinluzao No.7" was recover faster than "Xinluzao No.24". It was suggested that drought-tolerant speciescotton has stronger recover ability.
2. There are at least3kinds of endopeptidase in cotton leaves and roots, namely the thiol protease,serine protease and metalloprotease. The thiol protease is most active among them. Exogenous GABA candecrease significant endopeptidase activity in cotton leaves and roots.
3. The results of GAD activity are as follows after treated by Ca(NO_3)_2、W7、TFP and different organicacid and amino acid:
Under-1.0MPa PEG treatment, GAD activity increased significantly in cotton leaves. But under10M Ca(NO_3)_2treatment, GAD activity was lower than the control in cotton leaf. Under-1.0MPaPEG+100mMW7+10M Ca(NO_3)_2treatment, GAD activity was significantly higher than that of control incotton leaf, which suggested that GAD activity was restrained obvious under W7treatment. For5mMalanine,5mM glycine,5mM glutamic acid,5mM aspartic acid and5mM ammonium ion treatment, GADactivity of cotton leaves reached to the highest under alanine treatment. GAD activity was slightly lowerthan that of control under other amino acids treatment. Under5mM ammonium ion treatment, GAD activity of cotton leaves was the lowest. For10mM butyric acid、citric acid、malic acid and oxalic acidtreatment, GAD activity of cotton leaf was slightly higher than that of control, oxailc acid> citric acid>malic acid> butyric acid. The activity of GAD and GABA content in cotton roots has the similar trendswith leaves under Ca(NO_3)_2、 W7、TFP、different amino acid treatment,but which reduced slowly.
4. Under-0.5MPa,-1.0MPa and-1.5MPa water stress conditions, putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd)and spermine (Spm) contents in cotton leaf increased with decreasing stress potential, among them Put>Spd> Spm. The increase range of "Xinluzao No.7" is higher than "Xinluzao No.24". Under-1.5MPaPEG water stress condition, Put content increased significantly, Spd and Spm changed slightly. Afteradding aminoguanidine (AG), which was DAO activity inhibitor, Put, Spd and spermine Spm contentincotton leaf increased slightly with the decrease of water potential, the most change extent is Put, then Spd,and Spm changed slightly. DAO activity was highest under-1.0MPa, but lowest under-0.5MPa stress.After joining the AG,DAO activity in cotton leaf was almost completely inhibited. Under-1.5MPa PEGstress, GABA content reached the highest and it was the lowest under-0.5MPa PEG stress.
Under three kinds of PEG potential stress, Put, Spd, Spm, DAO activity and GABA content in cottonroots are similar trend with leaves. But the Put, Spd, Spm and GABA content was much lower than theleaves, and DAO activity was slightly lower than the leaves. The polymine degradation pathway canprovide30%to40%GABA product under-1.0MPaPEG stress both in cotton leaves and roots.
5. Under the continuous drought stress and re-watering, nitrogen metabolism key enzyme activity,soluble protein, total nitrogen, pure nitrogen and free amino acid content major for "Xinluzao No.7" and"Xinluzao No.24" leaves and roots. Under PEG stress, two varieties leaves water content decreasedgradually,"Xinluzao No.7" decreased more obviously;Compared with the control water condition,glutamine synthetase (GS) activity and nitrate reduction enzyme (NR) activity in leaves and rootsdecreased significantly in "Xinluzao No.7" and "Xinluzao No.24",The endopeptidase activity, glutamatedehydrogenase (GDH) activity of leaves and roots increased markedly. The content of soluble protein, totalnitrogen and ammonium ion content also increased markedly than that of control. In addition, free aminoacid content increased under continuous water stress in leaves and roots for two varieties of cotton. Freeamino acid content of "Xinluzao No.7" increased slowly in the early stage under stress and then increasedquickly. Free amino acids change trend of " Xinluzao No.24" was opposite to " Xinluzao No.7". Afterre-watering, water content, activity of nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity recover faster for"Xinluzao No.7" roots and leaves. Glutamate dehydrogenase activity, endopeptidase activity, free aminoacid, ammonium ion, soluble protein and total nitrogen content decreased faster than the "Xinluzao No.24". The correlation analysis showed that the GABA content of cotton seedling was significantly orextremely significantly related to glutamic acid, proline and total amino acid content.
引文
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