圆盘式风力送丝机的研究与改进
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摘要
圆盘式风力送丝机具有运行成本低、布置灵活、管理方便、适用于多种距离的水平、垂直和曲线输送的特点,还具有松散、去杂、除尘、干燥和冷却等作用,从而在国内外烟草企业得到广泛应用。但圆盘式风力送丝机在实际使用中也存在送丝过程中烟丝造碎大,烟丝在振盘中分层,造成组分重新分离的现象。这些问题会引起烟丝填充能力降低,造成卷烟内在质量的波动。本论文针对圆盘式风力送丝机使用过程中存在的一系列问题,对圆盘式风力送丝机的结构进行研究改进,使其在保留原有功能的基础上,新增筛分除尘功能,并在一定程度上减小烟丝的分层造碎。论文采用虚拟数字样机技术,大大降低了研究成本和缩短了研究时间。
论文以圆盘式风力送丝机的关键部件—振盘为重点,对其结构进行了研究改进,并对其关键参数进行了优化选取。振盘在工作过程中除了做圆周运动外,还要在偏心传动系统的激振下做受迫振动,考虑到振盘振动对整个系统的影响,对振盘进行了动力学分析,计算了振盘的动力学参数,并把振盘的数字模型通过数据接口导入到ANSYS软件中,对振盘进行了有限元模态分析,给出了振盘前15阶固有频率和振型图。从模态参数对比来看,振盘第八阶振型比较理想,其固有频率为f8=46.52 Hz。振盘的固有频率对其力学性能会有显著的影响,分析结果为选取电动机和振盘关键参数提供了参考。
Lower running cost, agile arrangement, and fitting for horizontal, vertical or curvilinear feeding are the particular characteristics of Disk Pneumatic Feeding System. Meanwhile, it also plays an important role in fluff, decontamination, dust extraction, dryness and cooling. On account of these advantages, disk pneumatic feeding system was generally adopted by domestic and foreign tobacco enterprises. But in the operation of disk pneumatic feeding system, component re-isolation was caused by insufficient breakage of cut tobacco in wire feeding process and resegregation in vibrating disk. The filling power of cut tobacco was depressed with these issues, caused the fluctuation of intrinsic quality of cigarette. Some issues exit in the operating procedure of disk pneumatic feeding system were figured out in this thesis, and its structure was investigated and improved. New fuctions of screen sizing and dust extraction were added on the basis of retain the original function, and layered degradation of cut tobacco was reduced to some extent. The cost and time were largely reduced as technology based on virtual data prototype was adopted in this thesis.
Vibrating disk, key part of disk pneumatic feeding system, was the emphasis of this thesis, its structure was investigated and improved, and its key parameter was optimized too. Besides the circular motion, the forced vibration under excited force of drive system was also done by vibrating disk in the operating procedure. Considering the vibrating influence of vibrating disk to the whole system, kinetic analysis and calculate kinetic parameter of vibrating disk were adopted, and the digital pattern of vibrating disk was guided into ANSYS soft ware through data interface to analyse the finite element modal of vibrating disk, then the chart of first fifteen steps' natural frequency and vibration mode was obtained. The eighth step's vibration mode of vibrating disk was relatively idealer based on the comparison of model parameter. The natural frequency of eighth step is f8=46.52 Hz. The mechanical property of vibrating disk has been remarkably affected by its natural frequency. The results of analysis provided reference for choosing key parameter of electromotor and vibrating disk.
论文以圆盘式风力送丝机的关键部件—振盘为重点,对其结构进行了研究改进,并对其关键参数进行了优化选取。振盘在工作过程中除了做圆周运动外,还要在偏心传动系统的激振下做受迫振动,考虑到振盘振动对整个系统的影响,对振盘进行了动力学分析,计算了振盘的动力学参数,并把振盘的数字模型通过数据接口导入到ANSYS软件中,对振盘进行了有限元模态分析,给出了振盘前15阶固有频率和振型图。从模态参数对比来看,振盘第八阶振型比较理想,其固有频率为f8=46.52 Hz。振盘的固有频率对其力学性能会有显著的影响,分析结果为选取电动机和振盘关键参数提供了参考。
Lower running cost, agile arrangement, and fitting for horizontal, vertical or curvilinear feeding are the particular characteristics of Disk Pneumatic Feeding System. Meanwhile, it also plays an important role in fluff, decontamination, dust extraction, dryness and cooling. On account of these advantages, disk pneumatic feeding system was generally adopted by domestic and foreign tobacco enterprises. But in the operation of disk pneumatic feeding system, component re-isolation was caused by insufficient breakage of cut tobacco in wire feeding process and resegregation in vibrating disk. The filling power of cut tobacco was depressed with these issues, caused the fluctuation of intrinsic quality of cigarette. Some issues exit in the operating procedure of disk pneumatic feeding system were figured out in this thesis, and its structure was investigated and improved. New fuctions of screen sizing and dust extraction were added on the basis of retain the original function, and layered degradation of cut tobacco was reduced to some extent. The cost and time were largely reduced as technology based on virtual data prototype was adopted in this thesis.
Vibrating disk, key part of disk pneumatic feeding system, was the emphasis of this thesis, its structure was investigated and improved, and its key parameter was optimized too. Besides the circular motion, the forced vibration under excited force of drive system was also done by vibrating disk in the operating procedure. Considering the vibrating influence of vibrating disk to the whole system, kinetic analysis and calculate kinetic parameter of vibrating disk were adopted, and the digital pattern of vibrating disk was guided into ANSYS soft ware through data interface to analyse the finite element modal of vibrating disk, then the chart of first fifteen steps' natural frequency and vibration mode was obtained. The eighth step's vibration mode of vibrating disk was relatively idealer based on the comparison of model parameter. The natural frequency of eighth step is f8=46.52 Hz. The mechanical property of vibrating disk has been remarkably affected by its natural frequency. The results of analysis provided reference for choosing key parameter of electromotor and vibrating disk.
引文
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[2]程永照,王海娟.中国卷烟市场的竞争及未来趋势.中国烟草学会2006年学术年会论文集,2007-03-01
[3]陈良元.卷烟加工工艺[M].郑州：河南科学技术出版社,1996.212-214
[4]国家烟草专卖局.卷烟工艺规范[M].北京：中央文献出版社,2003
[5]陈良元,刘其聪,刘锋等.不同送丝方式与烟丝质量关系的研究.烟草科技,1999-06-30
[6]中国烟草总公司.卷烟工艺规范(第二版)[M],北京：北京出版社,1994：276-279
[7]陈宜民,杨辉.漫谈气力输送[J].力学与实践,2004(2)：92-94
[8]李计刚,苏洪军.风力烟丝输送系统的改进.烟草科技,2007.4(总237)：21-24
[9]焦建华,张日亮,邵国洋,王洪涛,刘晓明,王庆伟,张宣荣.筛分振动分配机在风力送丝系统中的应用.烟草科技/烟草工艺,2004.7(总204)：7-9
[10]国家烟草专卖局科技教育司,郑州烟草研究院.GB5606—2005《卷烟》国家标准宣贯教材.北京：中国标准出版社,2005
[11]朱喜林,张代治等.机电一体化设计基础.北京：科学出版社,2004
[12]姜培刚,盖玉先等.机电一体化系统设计.北京：机械工业出版社,2003
[13]王守雍,张军,马世华等.螺旋筛分侧面喂入式配丝装置在卷烟厂风力送丝中的应用.烟草科技,2007.12：10-12
[14]闻邦椿,刘凤翘,刘杰.振动筛振动给料机构振动输送机的设计与调试(第1版).北京：化学工业出版社,1989
[15]姚光明,李晓等.烟丝整丝率变化率对卷烟卷接质量的影响.烟草科技/烟草工艺,2004.11(总208)：3-6
[16]姚光明,石国强,尹献忠等.烟丝结构对烟丝填充值和卷接质量的影响[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),200318.(3)：12-14
[17]中华人民共和国烟草行业标准-烟丝整丝率碎丝率的测定方法
[18]黄晓卫,李亚威.降低烟丝含末率,提高制丝质量.黑龙江省2009年度烟草学术交流研讨会论文集：397-402
[19]http://www.lingdoo.com.cn/.2010.08
[20]李晓雷,俞德孚,孙逢春.机械振动基础.北京：北京理工大学出版社,2010
[21]http://www.hudong.com.cn/.2011.02
[22]林鹤.机械振动理论及应用.北京：冶金工业出版社,1990.10
[23]李文英.大型振动筛动力学分析及动态设计[D].太原：太原理工大学,2004
[24]张阿舟.实用振动工程(2).航空工业出版社,1996
[25]李增彬.基于虚拟样机技术的振动筛动力学分析及优化设计.太原理工大学硕士论文,2010.05.01
[26]Mantegazza,F.:Design Strategies for Time to Market.In:Int.Conference on Time to market in the Automotive Industry, Torino, Italy,1993,Associazione Tecnica dell'Automobile, Torino 1993
[27]Tovey, M.:Form Creation Techniques for Automotive CAD. Design Studies 15(1994)1
[28]Pahl G.:Konstruieren mit 3D-CAD-Systemen:Grundlagen, Arbeitstechnik, Anwendungen. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Herdelberg 1990
[29]刘宏增,黄靖远编著.虚拟设计.北京：机械工业出版社,1999
[30]卢继平,郑力等.虚拟制造技术.计算机辅助设计与制造,1998.5
[31]耿凯辉.基于虚拟样机技术的特种发动机零部件的设计研究[D].西安：西北工业大学,2006
[32]张继矿.谷物清选机的虚拟样机设计与研究[D].合肥：安徽农业大学,2008
[33][德]施普尔,克劳舍著.虚拟产品开发技术.北京：机械工业出版社,2000
[34]江洪,陈燎,陈旭等.SolidWorks2008完全自学手册.北京：机械工业出版社,2008.8
[35]张忠将Solidworks基础与应用精品教程.北京：机械工业出版社,2010.11
[36]杨锟,刘继红.面向虚拟装配的装配建模技术.机械科学与技术,2001
[37]张国瑞.有限元法.北京：机械工业出版社,1991
[38]薛守义.有限单元法.北京：中国建材工业出版社,2002
[39]任重ANSYS实用分析教程.北京大学出版社,2003
[40]刘国庆,杨庆东ANSYS工程应用教程机械篇.北京：中国铁道出版社,2003
[41]李世芸ANSYS9.0基础及应用实例.中国科学文化出版社,2005
[42]Cheung Y K. Finite Strip Method in Structural Analysis [M].1976
[43]Desai C S and Abel J F. Introduction to the Finite Element Method [M]. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.1972
[44]Rao S S. The Finite Element Method in Engineering [M].Pergamon Press,1992
[45]倪栋,段进,徐久成等.通用有限元分析ANSYS7.0实例精解.北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[46]谭建国.使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析.北京：北京大学出版社,2002版社,2004
[47]彭琼梅,尹友中.自同步直线振动筛动力学分析及实际应用[J].产品技术,2005,(6)：84-86
[48]管迪华.模态分析技术(第1版).北京：清华大学出版社,1996
[49]杜平安,甘娥忠,于亚婷.有限元法——原理建模及应用.北京：国防工业出版社,2004
[50]闻邦椿,李以农,张义民等.振动利用工程.北京：科学出版社,2005
[2]程永照,王海娟.中国卷烟市场的竞争及未来趋势.中国烟草学会2006年学术年会论文集,2007-03-01
[3]陈良元.卷烟加工工艺[M].郑州：河南科学技术出版社,1996.212-214
[4]国家烟草专卖局.卷烟工艺规范[M].北京：中央文献出版社,2003
[5]陈良元,刘其聪,刘锋等.不同送丝方式与烟丝质量关系的研究.烟草科技,1999-06-30
[6]中国烟草总公司.卷烟工艺规范(第二版)[M],北京：北京出版社,1994：276-279
[7]陈宜民,杨辉.漫谈气力输送[J].力学与实践,2004(2)：92-94
[8]李计刚,苏洪军.风力烟丝输送系统的改进.烟草科技,2007.4(总237)：21-24
[9]焦建华,张日亮,邵国洋,王洪涛,刘晓明,王庆伟,张宣荣.筛分振动分配机在风力送丝系统中的应用.烟草科技/烟草工艺,2004.7(总204)：7-9
[10]国家烟草专卖局科技教育司,郑州烟草研究院.GB5606—2005《卷烟》国家标准宣贯教材.北京：中国标准出版社,2005
[11]朱喜林,张代治等.机电一体化设计基础.北京：科学出版社,2004
[12]姜培刚,盖玉先等.机电一体化系统设计.北京：机械工业出版社,2003
[13]王守雍,张军,马世华等.螺旋筛分侧面喂入式配丝装置在卷烟厂风力送丝中的应用.烟草科技,2007.12：10-12
[14]闻邦椿,刘凤翘,刘杰.振动筛振动给料机构振动输送机的设计与调试(第1版).北京：化学工业出版社,1989
[15]姚光明,李晓等.烟丝整丝率变化率对卷烟卷接质量的影响.烟草科技/烟草工艺,2004.11(总208)：3-6
[16]姚光明,石国强,尹献忠等.烟丝结构对烟丝填充值和卷接质量的影响[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(自然科学版),200318.(3)：12-14
[17]中华人民共和国烟草行业标准-烟丝整丝率碎丝率的测定方法
[18]黄晓卫,李亚威.降低烟丝含末率,提高制丝质量.黑龙江省2009年度烟草学术交流研讨会论文集：397-402
[19]http://www.lingdoo.com.cn/.2010.08
[20]李晓雷,俞德孚,孙逢春.机械振动基础.北京：北京理工大学出版社,2010
[21]http://www.hudong.com.cn/.2011.02
[22]林鹤.机械振动理论及应用.北京：冶金工业出版社,1990.10
[23]李文英.大型振动筛动力学分析及动态设计[D].太原：太原理工大学,2004
[24]张阿舟.实用振动工程(2).航空工业出版社,1996
[25]李增彬.基于虚拟样机技术的振动筛动力学分析及优化设计.太原理工大学硕士论文,2010.05.01
[26]Mantegazza,F.:Design Strategies for Time to Market.In:Int.Conference on Time to market in the Automotive Industry, Torino, Italy,1993,Associazione Tecnica dell'Automobile, Torino 1993
[27]Tovey, M.:Form Creation Techniques for Automotive CAD. Design Studies 15(1994)1
[28]Pahl G.:Konstruieren mit 3D-CAD-Systemen:Grundlagen, Arbeitstechnik, Anwendungen. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Herdelberg 1990
[29]刘宏增,黄靖远编著.虚拟设计.北京：机械工业出版社,1999
[30]卢继平,郑力等.虚拟制造技术.计算机辅助设计与制造,1998.5
[31]耿凯辉.基于虚拟样机技术的特种发动机零部件的设计研究[D].西安：西北工业大学,2006
[32]张继矿.谷物清选机的虚拟样机设计与研究[D].合肥：安徽农业大学,2008
[33][德]施普尔,克劳舍著.虚拟产品开发技术.北京：机械工业出版社,2000
[34]江洪,陈燎,陈旭等.SolidWorks2008完全自学手册.北京：机械工业出版社,2008.8
[35]张忠将Solidworks基础与应用精品教程.北京：机械工业出版社,2010.11
[36]杨锟,刘继红.面向虚拟装配的装配建模技术.机械科学与技术,2001
[37]张国瑞.有限元法.北京：机械工业出版社,1991
[38]薛守义.有限单元法.北京：中国建材工业出版社,2002
[39]任重ANSYS实用分析教程.北京大学出版社,2003
[40]刘国庆,杨庆东ANSYS工程应用教程机械篇.北京：中国铁道出版社,2003
[41]李世芸ANSYS9.0基础及应用实例.中国科学文化出版社,2005
[42]Cheung Y K. Finite Strip Method in Structural Analysis [M].1976
[43]Desai C S and Abel J F. Introduction to the Finite Element Method [M]. Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.1972
[44]Rao S S. The Finite Element Method in Engineering [M].Pergamon Press,1992
[45]倪栋,段进,徐久成等.通用有限元分析ANSYS7.0实例精解.北京：电子工业出版社,2003
[46]谭建国.使用ANSYS6.0进行有限元分析.北京：北京大学出版社,2002版社,2004
[47]彭琼梅,尹友中.自同步直线振动筛动力学分析及实际应用[J].产品技术,2005,(6)：84-86
[48]管迪华.模态分析技术(第1版).北京：清华大学出版社,1996
[49]杜平安,甘娥忠,于亚婷.有限元法——原理建模及应用.北京：国防工业出版社,2004
[50]闻邦椿,李以农,张义民等.振动利用工程.北京：科学出版社,2005